A late Middle Pleistocene Denisovan mandible from the Tibetan Plateau
Denisovans are members of a hominin group who are currently only known directly from fragmentary fossils, the genomes of which have been studied from a single site, Denisova Cave 1 – 3 in Siberia. They are also known indirectly from their genetic legacy through gene flow into several low-altitude Ea...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nature (London) 2019-05, Vol.569 (7756), p.409-412 |
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| creator | Chen, Fahu Welker, Frido Shen, Chuan-Chou Bailey, Shara E. Bergmann, Inga Davis, Simon Xia, Huan Wang, Hui Fischer, Roman Freidline, Sarah E. Yu, Tsai-Luen Skinner, Matthew M. Stelzer, Stefanie Dong, Guangrong Fu, Qiaomei Dong, Guanghui Wang, Jian Zhang, Dongju Hublin, Jean-Jacques |
| description | Denisovans are members of a hominin group who are currently only known directly from fragmentary fossils, the genomes of which have been studied from a single site, Denisova Cave
1
–
3
in Siberia. They are also known indirectly from their genetic legacy through gene flow into several low-altitude East Asian populations
4
,
5
and high-altitude modern Tibetans
6
. The lack of morphologically informative Denisovan fossils hinders our ability to connect geographically and temporally dispersed fossil hominins from Asia and to understand in a coherent manner their relation to recent Asian populations. This includes understanding the genetic adaptation of humans to the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau
7
,
8
, which was inherited from the Denisovans. Here we report a Denisovan mandible, identified by ancient protein analysis
9
,
10
, found on the Tibetan Plateau in Baishiya Karst Cave, Xiahe, Gansu, China. We determine the mandible to be at least 160 thousand years old through U-series dating of an adhering carbonate matrix. The Xiahe specimen provides direct evidence of the Denisovans outside the Altai Mountains and its analysis unique insights into Denisovan mandibular and dental morphology. Our results indicate that archaic hominins occupied the Tibetan Plateau in the Middle Pleistocene epoch and successfully adapted to high-altitude hypoxic environments long before the regional arrival of modern
Homo sapiens
.
Fossil evidence indicates that Denisovans occupied the Tibetan Plateau in the Middle Pleistocene epoch and successfully adapted to this high-altitude hypoxic environments long before the regional arrival of modern
Homo sapiens
. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41586-019-1139-x |
| format | Article |
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1
–
3
in Siberia. They are also known indirectly from their genetic legacy through gene flow into several low-altitude East Asian populations
4
,
5
and high-altitude modern Tibetans
6
. The lack of morphologically informative Denisovan fossils hinders our ability to connect geographically and temporally dispersed fossil hominins from Asia and to understand in a coherent manner their relation to recent Asian populations. This includes understanding the genetic adaptation of humans to the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau
7
,
8
, which was inherited from the Denisovans. Here we report a Denisovan mandible, identified by ancient protein analysis
9
,
10
, found on the Tibetan Plateau in Baishiya Karst Cave, Xiahe, Gansu, China. We determine the mandible to be at least 160 thousand years old through U-series dating of an adhering carbonate matrix. The Xiahe specimen provides direct evidence of the Denisovans outside the Altai Mountains and its analysis unique insights into Denisovan mandibular and dental morphology. Our results indicate that archaic hominins occupied the Tibetan Plateau in the Middle Pleistocene epoch and successfully adapted to high-altitude hypoxic environments long before the regional arrival of modern
Homo sapiens
.
Fossil evidence indicates that Denisovans occupied the Tibetan Plateau in the Middle Pleistocene epoch and successfully adapted to this high-altitude hypoxic environments long before the regional arrival of modern
Homo sapiens
.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0028-0836</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-4687</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1139-x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31043746</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>45 ; 45/23 ; 631/181/19/2471 ; 631/181/2474 ; 631/181/27 ; 82 ; 82/58 ; Adaptation ; Adaptation (Biology) ; Altitude ; Analysis ; Animals ; Biological anthropology ; Caves ; Comparative analysis ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; Fossil hominids ; Fossils ; Gene flow ; Genomes ; High altitude ; High-altitude environments ; Hominidae - anatomy & histology ; Hominidae - classification ; Hominids ; Homo sapiens denisova ; Human Migration ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Karst ; Letter ; Low altitude ; Mandible ; Mandible - anatomy & histology ; Mass spectrometry ; Morphology ; Mountains ; multidisciplinary ; Peptides ; Phylogenetics ; Phylogeny ; Pleistocene ; Populations ; Proteins ; Proteomics ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Scientific imaging ; Teeth ; Tibet ; Tooth - anatomy & histology</subject><ispartof>Nature (London), 2019-05, Vol.569 (7756), p.409-412</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2019</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Nature Publishing Group</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group May 16, 2019</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a681t-73c13a471a3222aa6e9ea7409dc62c1359b95685f4ac1e8837954e4fb832d78c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a681t-73c13a471a3222aa6e9ea7409dc62c1359b95685f4ac1e8837954e4fb832d78c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,315,782,786,887,27931,27932</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31043746$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-04044978$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chen, Fahu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Welker, Frido</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shen, Chuan-Chou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bailey, Shara E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bergmann, Inga</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xia, Huan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fischer, Roman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Freidline, Sarah E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Tsai-Luen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Skinner, Matthew M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stelzer, Stefanie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Guangrong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fu, Qiaomei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Guanghui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Dongju</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hublin, Jean-Jacques</creatorcontrib><title>A late Middle Pleistocene Denisovan mandible from the Tibetan Plateau</title><title>Nature (London)</title><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><description>Denisovans are members of a hominin group who are currently only known directly from fragmentary fossils, the genomes of which have been studied from a single site, Denisova Cave
1
–
3
in Siberia. They are also known indirectly from their genetic legacy through gene flow into several low-altitude East Asian populations
4
,
5
and high-altitude modern Tibetans
6
. The lack of morphologically informative Denisovan fossils hinders our ability to connect geographically and temporally dispersed fossil hominins from Asia and to understand in a coherent manner their relation to recent Asian populations. This includes understanding the genetic adaptation of humans to the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau
7
,
8
, which was inherited from the Denisovans. Here we report a Denisovan mandible, identified by ancient protein analysis
9
,
10
, found on the Tibetan Plateau in Baishiya Karst Cave, Xiahe, Gansu, China. We determine the mandible to be at least 160 thousand years old through U-series dating of an adhering carbonate matrix. The Xiahe specimen provides direct evidence of the Denisovans outside the Altai Mountains and its analysis unique insights into Denisovan mandibular and dental morphology. Our results indicate that archaic hominins occupied the Tibetan Plateau in the Middle Pleistocene epoch and successfully adapted to high-altitude hypoxic environments long before the regional arrival of modern
Homo sapiens
.
Fossil evidence indicates that Denisovans occupied the Tibetan Plateau in the Middle Pleistocene epoch and successfully adapted to this high-altitude hypoxic environments long before the regional arrival of modern
Homo sapiens
.</description><subject>45</subject><subject>45/23</subject><subject>631/181/19/2471</subject><subject>631/181/2474</subject><subject>631/181/27</subject><subject>82</subject><subject>82/58</subject><subject>Adaptation</subject><subject>Adaptation (Biology)</subject><subject>Altitude</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological anthropology</subject><subject>Caves</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>Fossil hominids</subject><subject>Fossils</subject><subject>Gene flow</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>High altitude</subject><subject>High-altitude environments</subject><subject>Hominidae - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Hominidae - classification</subject><subject>Hominids</subject><subject>Homo sapiens denisova</subject><subject>Human Migration</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypoxia</subject><subject>Karst</subject><subject>Letter</subject><subject>Low altitude</subject><subject>Mandible</subject><subject>Mandible - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Mountains</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Peptides</subject><subject>Phylogenetics</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Pleistocene</subject><subject>Populations</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Proteomics</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Science (multidisciplinary)</subject><subject>Scientific imaging</subject><subject>Teeth</subject><subject>Tibet</subject><subject>Tooth - anatomy & 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late Middle Pleistocene Denisovan mandible from the Tibetan Plateau</title><author>Chen, Fahu ; Welker, Frido ; Shen, Chuan-Chou ; Bailey, Shara E. ; Bergmann, Inga ; Davis, Simon ; Xia, Huan ; Wang, Hui ; Fischer, Roman ; Freidline, Sarah E. ; Yu, Tsai-Luen ; Skinner, Matthew M. ; Stelzer, Stefanie ; Dong, Guangrong ; Fu, Qiaomei ; Dong, Guanghui ; Wang, Jian ; Zhang, Dongju ; Hublin, Jean-Jacques</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a681t-73c13a471a3222aa6e9ea7409dc62c1359b95685f4ac1e8837954e4fb832d78c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>45</topic><topic>45/23</topic><topic>631/181/19/2471</topic><topic>631/181/2474</topic><topic>631/181/27</topic><topic>82</topic><topic>82/58</topic><topic>Adaptation</topic><topic>Adaptation (Biology)</topic><topic>Altitude</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological 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(London)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chen, Fahu</au><au>Welker, Frido</au><au>Shen, Chuan-Chou</au><au>Bailey, Shara E.</au><au>Bergmann, Inga</au><au>Davis, Simon</au><au>Xia, Huan</au><au>Wang, Hui</au><au>Fischer, Roman</au><au>Freidline, Sarah E.</au><au>Yu, Tsai-Luen</au><au>Skinner, Matthew M.</au><au>Stelzer, Stefanie</au><au>Dong, Guangrong</au><au>Fu, Qiaomei</au><au>Dong, Guanghui</au><au>Wang, Jian</au><au>Zhang, Dongju</au><au>Hublin, Jean-Jacques</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A late Middle Pleistocene Denisovan mandible from the Tibetan Plateau</atitle><jtitle>Nature (London)</jtitle><stitle>Nature</stitle><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><date>2019-05</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>569</volume><issue>7756</issue><spage>409</spage><epage>412</epage><pages>409-412</pages><issn>0028-0836</issn><eissn>1476-4687</eissn><abstract>Denisovans are members of a hominin group who are currently only known directly from fragmentary fossils, the genomes of which have been studied from a single site, Denisova Cave
1
–
3
in Siberia. They are also known indirectly from their genetic legacy through gene flow into several low-altitude East Asian populations
4
,
5
and high-altitude modern Tibetans
6
. The lack of morphologically informative Denisovan fossils hinders our ability to connect geographically and temporally dispersed fossil hominins from Asia and to understand in a coherent manner their relation to recent Asian populations. This includes understanding the genetic adaptation of humans to the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau
7
,
8
, which was inherited from the Denisovans. Here we report a Denisovan mandible, identified by ancient protein analysis
9
,
10
, found on the Tibetan Plateau in Baishiya Karst Cave, Xiahe, Gansu, China. We determine the mandible to be at least 160 thousand years old through U-series dating of an adhering carbonate matrix. The Xiahe specimen provides direct evidence of the Denisovans outside the Altai Mountains and its analysis unique insights into Denisovan mandibular and dental morphology. Our results indicate that archaic hominins occupied the Tibetan Plateau in the Middle Pleistocene epoch and successfully adapted to high-altitude hypoxic environments long before the regional arrival of modern
Homo sapiens
.
Fossil evidence indicates that Denisovans occupied the Tibetan Plateau in the Middle Pleistocene epoch and successfully adapted to this high-altitude hypoxic environments long before the regional arrival of modern
Homo sapiens
.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>31043746</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41586-019-1139-x</doi><tpages>4</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0028-0836 |
| ispartof | Nature (London), 2019-05, Vol.569 (7756), p.409-412 |
| issn | 0028-0836 1476-4687 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_04044978v1 |
| source | MEDLINE; Nature; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | 45 45/23 631/181/19/2471 631/181/2474 631/181/27 82 82/58 Adaptation Adaptation (Biology) Altitude Analysis Animals Biological anthropology Caves Comparative analysis Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA Fossil hominids Fossils Gene flow Genomes High altitude High-altitude environments Hominidae - anatomy & histology Hominidae - classification Hominids Homo sapiens denisova Human Migration Humanities and Social Sciences Humans Hypoxia Karst Letter Low altitude Mandible Mandible - anatomy & histology Mass spectrometry Morphology Mountains multidisciplinary Peptides Phylogenetics Phylogeny Pleistocene Populations Proteins Proteomics Science Science (multidisciplinary) Scientific imaging Teeth Tibet Tooth - anatomy & histology |
| title | A late Middle Pleistocene Denisovan mandible from the Tibetan Plateau |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-04T15%3A52%3A37IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_hal_p&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20late%20Middle%20Pleistocene%20Denisovan%20mandible%20from%20the%20Tibetan%20Plateau&rft.jtitle=Nature%20(London)&rft.au=Chen,%20Fahu&rft.date=2019-05&rft.volume=569&rft.issue=7756&rft.spage=409&rft.epage=412&rft.pages=409-412&rft.issn=0028-0836&rft.eissn=1476-4687&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/s41586-019-1139-x&rft_dat=%3Cgale_hal_p%3EA585606950%3C/gale_hal_p%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2233946826&rft_id=info:pmid/31043746&rft_galeid=A585606950&rfr_iscdi=true |