Common and uncommon immunoglobulin haplotypes among Lebanese communities
Allotypes of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgA2 subclasses were investigated in seven Lebanese communities (three Moslem and four Christian). The Gm-Am haplotypes found were mainly those prevalent in Caucasians with a low frequency of haplotypes usually observed in Africans and Orientals. The difference bet...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of human genetics 1978-01, Vol.41 (2), p.197-209 |
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| container_title | American journal of human genetics |
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| creator | Lefranc, G Rivat, L Serre, J L Lalouel, J M Pison, G Loiselet, J Ropartz, C de Lange, G van Loghem, E |
| description | Allotypes of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgA2 subclasses were investigated in seven Lebanese communities (three Moslem and four Christian). The Gm-Am haplotypes found were mainly those prevalent in Caucasians with a low frequency of haplotypes usually observed in Africans and Orientals. The difference between highlanders and lowlanders as expressed by G2m(23) was highly significant and suggested a possible adaptation to selective pressure related to the gamma2 genes, possibly due to endemic malaria in the past. Exceptional Gm-Am haplotypes were unambiguously determined by family studies. Some were characterized either by a deletion or a repression or, in contrast, by a partial or total duplication of gamma genes. Two others had uncommon combinations of allotypes: Gm17;23;5,10,11,13,14 A2m1, where G1m (17) was present without G1m (1); and Gm3;23;5,14 A2m1, where the CH3 allotypes G3m (10,11,13) were lacking. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/BF00273102 |
| format | Article |
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The Gm-Am haplotypes found were mainly those prevalent in Caucasians with a low frequency of haplotypes usually observed in Africans and Orientals. The difference between highlanders and lowlanders as expressed by G2m(23) was highly significant and suggested a possible adaptation to selective pressure related to the gamma2 genes, possibly due to endemic malaria in the past. Exceptional Gm-Am haplotypes were unambiguously determined by family studies. Some were characterized either by a deletion or a repression or, in contrast, by a partial or total duplication of gamma genes. Two others had uncommon combinations of allotypes: Gm17;23;5,10,11,13,14 A2m1, where G1m (17) was present without G1m (1); and Gm3;23;5,14 A2m1, where the CH3 allotypes G3m (10,11,13) were lacking.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0340-6717</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9297</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-6605</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/BF00273102</identifier><identifier>PMID: 640654</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Germany: Elsevier (Cell Press)</publisher><subject>Gene Frequency ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulins ; Lebanon ; Polymorphism, Genetic</subject><ispartof>American journal of human genetics, 1978-01, Vol.41 (2), p.197-209</ispartof><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c356t-97f872eb13f0a75aa17e896e0ac051d7a0812bff1c83e5da0133a271f4d31e9a3</citedby><orcidid>0000-0001-5916-2360</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/640654$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-03988027$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lefranc, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rivat, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Serre, J L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lalouel, J M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pison, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loiselet, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ropartz, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Lange, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Loghem, E</creatorcontrib><title>Common and uncommon immunoglobulin haplotypes among Lebanese communities</title><title>American journal of human genetics</title><addtitle>Hum Genet</addtitle><description>Allotypes of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgA2 subclasses were investigated in seven Lebanese communities (three Moslem and four Christian). The Gm-Am haplotypes found were mainly those prevalent in Caucasians with a low frequency of haplotypes usually observed in Africans and Orientals. The difference between highlanders and lowlanders as expressed by G2m(23) was highly significant and suggested a possible adaptation to selective pressure related to the gamma2 genes, possibly due to endemic malaria in the past. Exceptional Gm-Am haplotypes were unambiguously determined by family studies. Some were characterized either by a deletion or a repression or, in contrast, by a partial or total duplication of gamma genes. Two others had uncommon combinations of allotypes: Gm17;23;5,10,11,13,14 A2m1, where G1m (17) was present without G1m (1); and Gm3;23;5,14 A2m1, where the CH3 allotypes G3m (10,11,13) were lacking.</description><subject>Gene Frequency</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin A</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G</subject><subject>Immunoglobulins</subject><subject>Lebanon</subject><subject>Polymorphism, Genetic</subject><issn>0340-6717</issn><issn>0002-9297</issn><issn>1432-1203</issn><issn>1537-6605</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1978</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpFkE1Lw0AQhhfxq1Yvnj3kJChEZ3aT7OZYi7VCwIuel0myaSNJNmYTof_elJR6Gmbeh5fhYewW4QkB5PPLCoBLgcBP2AwDwX3kIE7ZDEQAfiRRXrIr574BMIx5eMHOowCiMJix9dLWtW08anJvaLJpKet6aOymsulQlY23pbay_a41zqMx3niJSakxznh7fmjKvjTump0VVDlzc5hz9rV6_Vyu_eTj7X25SPxMhFHvx7JQkpsURQEkQyKURsWRAcogxFwSKORpUWCmhAlzAhSCuMQiyAWamMScPUy9W6p025U1dTttqdTrRaL3NxCxUqONXxzZ-4ltO_szGNfrunSZqarxezs4rYQa1YTBCD5OYNZZ5zpTHJsR9N6w_jc8wneH1iGtTX5EJ6XiD941dQU</recordid><startdate>19780101</startdate><enddate>19780101</enddate><creator>Lefranc, G</creator><creator>Rivat, L</creator><creator>Serre, J L</creator><creator>Lalouel, J M</creator><creator>Pison, G</creator><creator>Loiselet, J</creator><creator>Ropartz, C</creator><creator>de Lange, G</creator><creator>van Loghem, E</creator><general>Elsevier (Cell Press)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>1XC</scope><scope>BXJBU</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5916-2360</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>19780101</creationdate><title>Common and uncommon immunoglobulin haplotypes among Lebanese communities</title><author>Lefranc, G ; Rivat, L ; Serre, J L ; Lalouel, J M ; Pison, G ; Loiselet, J ; Ropartz, C ; de Lange, G ; van Loghem, E</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c356t-97f872eb13f0a75aa17e896e0ac051d7a0812bff1c83e5da0133a271f4d31e9a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1978</creationdate><topic>Gene Frequency</topic><topic>Humanities and Social Sciences</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin A</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G</topic><topic>Immunoglobulins</topic><topic>Lebanon</topic><topic>Polymorphism, Genetic</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lefranc, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rivat, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Serre, J L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lalouel, J M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pison, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loiselet, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ropartz, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Lange, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Loghem, E</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><collection>HAL-SHS: Archive ouverte en Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société</collection><jtitle>American journal of human genetics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lefranc, G</au><au>Rivat, L</au><au>Serre, J L</au><au>Lalouel, J M</au><au>Pison, G</au><au>Loiselet, J</au><au>Ropartz, C</au><au>de Lange, G</au><au>van Loghem, E</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Common and uncommon immunoglobulin haplotypes among Lebanese communities</atitle><jtitle>American journal of human genetics</jtitle><addtitle>Hum Genet</addtitle><date>1978-01-01</date><risdate>1978</risdate><volume>41</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>197</spage><epage>209</epage><pages>197-209</pages><issn>0340-6717</issn><issn>0002-9297</issn><eissn>1432-1203</eissn><eissn>1537-6605</eissn><abstract>Allotypes of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgA2 subclasses were investigated in seven Lebanese communities (three Moslem and four Christian). The Gm-Am haplotypes found were mainly those prevalent in Caucasians with a low frequency of haplotypes usually observed in Africans and Orientals. The difference between highlanders and lowlanders as expressed by G2m(23) was highly significant and suggested a possible adaptation to selective pressure related to the gamma2 genes, possibly due to endemic malaria in the past. Exceptional Gm-Am haplotypes were unambiguously determined by family studies. Some were characterized either by a deletion or a repression or, in contrast, by a partial or total duplication of gamma genes. Two others had uncommon combinations of allotypes: Gm17;23;5,10,11,13,14 A2m1, where G1m (17) was present without G1m (1); and Gm3;23;5,14 A2m1, where the CH3 allotypes G3m (10,11,13) were lacking.</abstract><cop>Germany</cop><pub>Elsevier (Cell Press)</pub><pmid>640654</pmid><doi>10.1007/BF00273102</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5916-2360</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Gene Frequency Humanities and Social Sciences Humans Immunoglobulin A Immunoglobulin G Immunoglobulins Lebanon Polymorphism, Genetic |
| title | Common and uncommon immunoglobulin haplotypes among Lebanese communities |
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