Characterization of the O/ME‐SA/Ind‐2001d foot‐and‐mouth disease virus epidemic recorded in the Maghreb during 2014–2015
The O/ME‐SA/Ind‐2001d has been the main foot‐and‐mouth disease virus (FMDV) lineage responsible for FMD epidemics outside the Indian subcontinent from 2013 to 2017. In 2014, outbreaks caused by this FMDV lineage were reported in Maghreb, where it was initially detected in Algeria and Tunisia and lat...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Transboundary and emerging diseases 2022-09, Vol.69 (5), p.e2641-e2652 |
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| creator | Pezzoni, G. Calzolari, M. Foglia, E. A. Bregoli, A. Nardo, A. Di Sghaier, S. Madani, H. Chiapponi, C. Grazioli, S. Relmy, A. Bakkali Kassimi, L. Brocchi, E. |
| description | The O/ME‐SA/Ind‐2001d has been the main foot‐and‐mouth disease virus (FMDV) lineage responsible for FMD epidemics outside the Indian subcontinent from 2013 to 2017. In 2014, outbreaks caused by this FMDV lineage were reported in Maghreb, where it was initially detected in Algeria and Tunisia and later in Morocco. This was the first incursion of an FMDV type O of exotic origin in the Maghreb region after 14 years of absence. In this study, we report analyses of both VP1 and whole‐genome sequences (WGSs) generated from 22 isolates collected in Algeria and Tunisia between 2014 and 2015. All the WGSs analysed showed a minimum pairwise identity of 98.9% at the nucleotide level and 99% at the amino acid level (FMDV coding region). All Tunisian sequences shared a single putative common ancestor closely related to FMDV strains circulating in Libya during 2013. Whereas sequences from Algeria suggest the country experienced two virus introductions. The first introduction is represented by strains circulating in 2014 which are closely related to those from Tunisia, the second one, of which the origin is more uncertain, includes strains collected in Algeria in 2015 that gave origin to the 2015 outbreak reported in Morocco. Overall, our results demonstrated that a unique introduction of O/Ind‐2001d FMDV occurred in Maghreb through Tunisia presumably in 2014, and from then the virus spread into Algeria and later into Morocco. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/tbed.14611 |
| format | Article |
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A. ; Bregoli, A. ; Nardo, A. Di ; Sghaier, S. ; Madani, H. ; Chiapponi, C. ; Grazioli, S. ; Relmy, A. ; Bakkali Kassimi, L. ; Brocchi, E.</creator><creatorcontrib>Pezzoni, G. ; Calzolari, M. ; Foglia, E. A. ; Bregoli, A. ; Nardo, A. Di ; Sghaier, S. ; Madani, H. ; Chiapponi, C. ; Grazioli, S. ; Relmy, A. ; Bakkali Kassimi, L. ; Brocchi, E.</creatorcontrib><description>The O/ME‐SA/Ind‐2001d has been the main foot‐and‐mouth disease virus (FMDV) lineage responsible for FMD epidemics outside the Indian subcontinent from 2013 to 2017. In 2014, outbreaks caused by this FMDV lineage were reported in Maghreb, where it was initially detected in Algeria and Tunisia and later in Morocco. This was the first incursion of an FMDV type O of exotic origin in the Maghreb region after 14 years of absence. In this study, we report analyses of both VP1 and whole‐genome sequences (WGSs) generated from 22 isolates collected in Algeria and Tunisia between 2014 and 2015. All the WGSs analysed showed a minimum pairwise identity of 98.9% at the nucleotide level and 99% at the amino acid level (FMDV coding region). All Tunisian sequences shared a single putative common ancestor closely related to FMDV strains circulating in Libya during 2013. Whereas sequences from Algeria suggest the country experienced two virus introductions. The first introduction is represented by strains circulating in 2014 which are closely related to those from Tunisia, the second one, of which the origin is more uncertain, includes strains collected in Algeria in 2015 that gave origin to the 2015 outbreak reported in Morocco. Overall, our results demonstrated that a unique introduction of O/Ind‐2001d FMDV occurred in Maghreb through Tunisia presumably in 2014, and from then the virus spread into Algeria and later into Morocco.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1865-1674</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1865-1682</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14611</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35686649</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Germany: Hindawi Limited</publisher><subject>Amino Acids ; Animals ; Disease Outbreaks - veterinary ; Epidemics ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease - epidemiology ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus - genetics ; foot‐and‐mouth disease ; Gene sequencing ; Genomes ; isolates antigenic profile ; isolates phylogenesis ; Life Sciences ; Maghreb ; Nucleotides ; O Ind‐2001 epidemic ; Outbreaks ; Phylogeny ; Serogroup ; Strains (organisms) ; Tunisia - epidemiology ; Viruses ; VP1 protein</subject><ispartof>Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2022-09, Vol.69 (5), p.e2641-e2652</ispartof><rights>2022 The Authors. published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.</rights><rights>2022 The Authors. 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A.</au><au>Bregoli, A.</au><au>Nardo, A. Di</au><au>Sghaier, S.</au><au>Madani, H.</au><au>Chiapponi, C.</au><au>Grazioli, S.</au><au>Relmy, A.</au><au>Bakkali Kassimi, L.</au><au>Brocchi, E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Characterization of the O/ME‐SA/Ind‐2001d foot‐and‐mouth disease virus epidemic recorded in the Maghreb during 2014–2015</atitle><jtitle>Transboundary and emerging diseases</jtitle><addtitle>Transbound Emerg Dis</addtitle><date>2022-09</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>69</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e2641</spage><epage>e2652</epage><pages>e2641-e2652</pages><issn>1865-1674</issn><eissn>1865-1682</eissn><abstract>The O/ME‐SA/Ind‐2001d has been the main foot‐and‐mouth disease virus (FMDV) lineage responsible for FMD epidemics outside the Indian subcontinent from 2013 to 2017. In 2014, outbreaks caused by this FMDV lineage were reported in Maghreb, where it was initially detected in Algeria and Tunisia and later in Morocco. This was the first incursion of an FMDV type O of exotic origin in the Maghreb region after 14 years of absence. In this study, we report analyses of both VP1 and whole‐genome sequences (WGSs) generated from 22 isolates collected in Algeria and Tunisia between 2014 and 2015. All the WGSs analysed showed a minimum pairwise identity of 98.9% at the nucleotide level and 99% at the amino acid level (FMDV coding region). All Tunisian sequences shared a single putative common ancestor closely related to FMDV strains circulating in Libya during 2013. Whereas sequences from Algeria suggest the country experienced two virus introductions. The first introduction is represented by strains circulating in 2014 which are closely related to those from Tunisia, the second one, of which the origin is more uncertain, includes strains collected in Algeria in 2015 that gave origin to the 2015 outbreak reported in Morocco. Overall, our results demonstrated that a unique introduction of O/Ind‐2001d FMDV occurred in Maghreb through Tunisia presumably in 2014, and from then the virus spread into Algeria and later into Morocco.</abstract><cop>Germany</cop><pub>Hindawi Limited</pub><pmid>35686649</pmid><doi>10.1111/tbed.14611</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7489-2556</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6718-5658</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6677-6819</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Amino Acids Animals Disease Outbreaks - veterinary Epidemics Foot-and-Mouth Disease - epidemiology Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus - genetics foot‐and‐mouth disease Gene sequencing Genomes isolates antigenic profile isolates phylogenesis Life Sciences Maghreb Nucleotides O Ind‐2001 epidemic Outbreaks Phylogeny Serogroup Strains (organisms) Tunisia - epidemiology Viruses VP1 protein |
| title | Characterization of the O/ME‐SA/Ind‐2001d foot‐and‐mouth disease virus epidemic recorded in the Maghreb during 2014–2015 |
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