The depth of Jupiter's Great Red Spot constrained by Juno gravity overflights
Jupiter’s Great Red Spot (GRS) is the largest atmospheric vortex in the Solar System and has been observed for at least two centuries. It has been unclear how deep the vortex extends beneath its visible cloud tops. We examined the gravity signature of the GRS using data from 12 encounters of the Jun...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2021-11, Vol.374 (6570), p.964-968 |
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| creator | Parisi, Marzia Kaspi, Yohai Galanti, Eli Durante, Daniele Bolton, Scott J Levin, Steven M Buccino, Dustin R Fletcher, Leigh N Folkner, William M Guillot, Tristan Helled, Ravit Iess, Luciano Li, Cheng Oudrhiri, Kamal Wong, Michael H |
| description | Jupiter’s Great Red Spot (GRS) is the largest atmospheric vortex in the Solar System and has been observed for at least two centuries. It has been unclear how deep the vortex extends beneath its visible cloud tops. We examined the gravity signature of the GRS using data from 12 encounters of the Juno spacecraft with the planet, including two direct overflights of the vortex. Localized density anomalies due to the presence of the GRS caused a shift in the spacecraft line-of-sight velocity. Using two different approaches to infer the GRS depth, which yielded consistent results, we conclude that the GRS is contained within the upper 500 kilometers of Jupiter’s atmosphere. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1126/science.abf1396 |
| format | Article |
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It has been unclear how deep the vortex extends beneath its visible cloud tops. We examined the gravity signature of the GRS using data from 12 encounters of the Juno spacecraft with the planet, including two direct overflights of the vortex. Localized density anomalies due to the presence of the GRS caused a shift in the spacecraft line-of-sight velocity. Using two different approaches to infer the GRS depth, which yielded consistent results, we conclude that the GRS is contained within the upper 500 kilometers of Jupiter’s atmosphere.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0036-8075</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1126/science.abf1396</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34709940</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: The American Association for the Advancement of Science</publisher><subject>Ammonia ; Anomalies ; Astronomy ; Astrophysics ; Atmosphere ; Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics ; Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ; Gravitational fields ; Gravity ; Jupiter ; Jupiter atmosphere ; Jupiter probes ; Jupiter red spot ; Meteorology ; Perturbation ; Physics ; Planets ; Sciences of the Universe ; Solar system ; Spacecraft ; Storms ; Vortices</subject><ispartof>Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 2021-11, Vol.374 (6570), p.964-968</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. 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Using two different approaches to infer the GRS depth, which yielded consistent results, we conclude that the GRS is contained within the upper 500 kilometers of Jupiter’s atmosphere.</description><subject>Ammonia</subject><subject>Anomalies</subject><subject>Astronomy</subject><subject>Astrophysics</subject><subject>Atmosphere</subject><subject>Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics</subject><subject>Earth and Planetary Astrophysics</subject><subject>Gravitational fields</subject><subject>Gravity</subject><subject>Jupiter</subject><subject>Jupiter atmosphere</subject><subject>Jupiter probes</subject><subject>Jupiter red spot</subject><subject>Meteorology</subject><subject>Perturbation</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Planets</subject><subject>Sciences of the Universe</subject><subject>Solar 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| subjects | Ammonia Anomalies Astronomy Astrophysics Atmosphere Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Gravitational fields Gravity Jupiter Jupiter atmosphere Jupiter probes Jupiter red spot Meteorology Perturbation Physics Planets Sciences of the Universe Solar system Spacecraft Storms Vortices |
| title | The depth of Jupiter's Great Red Spot constrained by Juno gravity overflights |
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