Multiplex detection of 14 fentanyl analogues and U-47700 in biological samples: Application to a panel of French hospitalized patients

•A simple quantitative LC–MS/MS method for fentanyl analogs in urine and whole blood.•Consumption of fentanyl analogs may be underestimated by immunoassay screening.•Importance of urine monitoring of the patients treated with fentanyl and analogs. Synthetic opioids (SO) associated with the recent al...

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Veröffentlicht in:Forensic science international 2020-12, Vol.317, p.110437, Article 110437
Hauptverfasser: Jung, Jean, Kolodziej, Allan, Pape, Elise, Bisch, Michael, Javot, Lucie, Gibaja, Valérie, Jouzeau, Jean-Yves, Scala-Bertola, Julien, Gambier, Nicolas
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container_start_page 110437
container_title Forensic science international
container_volume 317
creator Jung, Jean
Kolodziej, Allan
Pape, Elise
Bisch, Michael
Javot, Lucie
Gibaja, Valérie
Jouzeau, Jean-Yves
Scala-Bertola, Julien
Gambier, Nicolas
description •A simple quantitative LC–MS/MS method for fentanyl analogs in urine and whole blood.•Consumption of fentanyl analogs may be underestimated by immunoassay screening.•Importance of urine monitoring of the patients treated with fentanyl and analogs. Synthetic opioids (SO) associated with the recent alarming increase of deaths and intoxications in United States of America and Europe are not detected by the usual first-line opiates drug screening assays. We developed a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analytical method for the multiplex detection of 14 fentanyl analogues (2-furanylfentanyl, 4-ANPP, 4-methoxybutyrylfentanyl, acrylfentanyl, alfentanil, carfentanil, despropionyl-2-fluorofentanyl, fentanyl, methoxyacetylfentanyl, norfentanyl, ocfentanil, remifentanil, sufentanil and valerylfentanyl) and U-47700 in whole blood and urine samples. The method was validated according to the requirements of ISO 15189. A simple and fast liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) with De-Tox Tube-A was performed leading to better recovery of molecules in urine than in blood samples. Depending on the compound, the limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.01 to 0.10 ng/mL and from 0.02 to 0.05 ng/mL in whole blood and urine, respectively. Calibration curves were linear in the range 0.5–50.0 ng/mL and the limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.10 to 0.40 ng/mL in blood. Internal quality controls at 1 and 40 ng/mL showed intra-day and between-day precision and accuracy bias below 10% in urine and 15% in blood. The method was applied to the screening of 211 urine samples from patients admitted in emergency or addiction departments. The presence of legal fentanyl analogues in 5 urine samples was justified by their therapeutic use as analgesics. Only one patient was concerned by fentanyl misuse and addiction whereas no illegal SO was detected. This study is not in favor of a huge misuse of SO in the Lorraine region.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110437
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Synthetic opioids (SO) associated with the recent alarming increase of deaths and intoxications in United States of America and Europe are not detected by the usual first-line opiates drug screening assays. We developed a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analytical method for the multiplex detection of 14 fentanyl analogues (2-furanylfentanyl, 4-ANPP, 4-methoxybutyrylfentanyl, acrylfentanyl, alfentanil, carfentanil, despropionyl-2-fluorofentanyl, fentanyl, methoxyacetylfentanyl, norfentanyl, ocfentanil, remifentanil, sufentanil and valerylfentanyl) and U-47700 in whole blood and urine samples. The method was validated according to the requirements of ISO 15189. A simple and fast liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) with De-Tox Tube-A was performed leading to better recovery of molecules in urine than in blood samples. Depending on the compound, the limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.01 to 0.10 ng/mL and from 0.02 to 0.05 ng/mL in whole blood and urine, respectively. 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Synthetic opioids (SO) associated with the recent alarming increase of deaths and intoxications in United States of America and Europe are not detected by the usual first-line opiates drug screening assays. We developed a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analytical method for the multiplex detection of 14 fentanyl analogues (2-furanylfentanyl, 4-ANPP, 4-methoxybutyrylfentanyl, acrylfentanyl, alfentanil, carfentanil, despropionyl-2-fluorofentanyl, fentanyl, methoxyacetylfentanyl, norfentanyl, ocfentanil, remifentanil, sufentanil and valerylfentanyl) and U-47700 in whole blood and urine samples. The method was validated according to the requirements of ISO 15189. A simple and fast liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) with De-Tox Tube-A was performed leading to better recovery of molecules in urine than in blood samples. Depending on the compound, the limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.01 to 0.10 ng/mL and from 0.02 to 0.05 ng/mL in whole blood and urine, respectively. Calibration curves were linear in the range 0.5–50.0 ng/mL and the limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.10 to 0.40 ng/mL in blood. Internal quality controls at 1 and 40 ng/mL showed intra-day and between-day precision and accuracy bias below 10% in urine and 15% in blood. The method was applied to the screening of 211 urine samples from patients admitted in emergency or addiction departments. The presence of legal fentanyl analogues in 5 urine samples was justified by their therapeutic use as analgesics. Only one patient was concerned by fentanyl misuse and addiction whereas no illegal SO was detected. This study is not in favor of a huge misuse of SO in the Lorraine region.</description><subject>Accuracy</subject><subject>Addictions</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Alfentanil - blood</subject><subject>Alfentanil - urine</subject><subject>Analgesics</subject><subject>Analgesics, Opioid - blood</subject><subject>Analgesics, Opioid - urine</subject><subject>Benzamides - blood</subject><subject>Benzamides - urine</subject><subject>Biological properties</subject><subject>Biological samples</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Calibration</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Chromatography</subject><subject>Chromatography, Liquid</subject><subject>Drug abuse</subject><subject>Drug screening</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fentanyl</subject><subject>Fentanyl - analogs &amp; derivatives</subject><subject>Fentanyl - blood</subject><subject>Fentanyl - urine</subject><subject>Fentanyl analogues</subject><subject>Forensic sciences</subject><subject>France</subject><subject>Furans - blood</subject><subject>Furans - urine</subject><subject>Heroin</subject><subject>HPLC-MS/MS</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Limit of Detection</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Liquid-liquid extraction</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Misuse</subject><subject>Multiplexing</subject><subject>Narcotics</subject><subject>Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome - diagnosis</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Opioids</subject><subject>Piperidines - blood</subject><subject>Piperidines - urine</subject><subject>Remifentanil</subject><subject>Remifentanil - blood</subject><subject>Remifentanil - 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detection of 14 fentanyl analogues and U-47700 in biological samples: Application to a panel of French hospitalized patients</title><author>Jung, Jean ; Kolodziej, Allan ; Pape, Elise ; Bisch, Michael ; Javot, Lucie ; Gibaja, Valérie ; Jouzeau, Jean-Yves ; Scala-Bertola, Julien ; Gambier, Nicolas</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c482t-cbd89f8ff54c07b05f2c3cad25a0ea778e34d8f350d96d8130cdbf65db02b6b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Accuracy</topic><topic>Addictions</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Alfentanil - blood</topic><topic>Alfentanil - urine</topic><topic>Analgesics</topic><topic>Analgesics, Opioid - blood</topic><topic>Analgesics, Opioid - urine</topic><topic>Benzamides - blood</topic><topic>Benzamides - urine</topic><topic>Biological properties</topic><topic>Biological 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Synthetic opioids (SO) associated with the recent alarming increase of deaths and intoxications in United States of America and Europe are not detected by the usual first-line opiates drug screening assays. We developed a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analytical method for the multiplex detection of 14 fentanyl analogues (2-furanylfentanyl, 4-ANPP, 4-methoxybutyrylfentanyl, acrylfentanyl, alfentanil, carfentanil, despropionyl-2-fluorofentanyl, fentanyl, methoxyacetylfentanyl, norfentanyl, ocfentanil, remifentanil, sufentanil and valerylfentanyl) and U-47700 in whole blood and urine samples. The method was validated according to the requirements of ISO 15189. A simple and fast liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) with De-Tox Tube-A was performed leading to better recovery of molecules in urine than in blood samples. Depending on the compound, the limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.01 to 0.10 ng/mL and from 0.02 to 0.05 ng/mL in whole blood and urine, respectively. Calibration curves were linear in the range 0.5–50.0 ng/mL and the limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.10 to 0.40 ng/mL in blood. Internal quality controls at 1 and 40 ng/mL showed intra-day and between-day precision and accuracy bias below 10% in urine and 15% in blood. The method was applied to the screening of 211 urine samples from patients admitted in emergency or addiction departments. The presence of legal fentanyl analogues in 5 urine samples was justified by their therapeutic use as analgesics. Only one patient was concerned by fentanyl misuse and addiction whereas no illegal SO was detected. 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ispartof Forensic science international, 2020-12, Vol.317, p.110437, Article 110437
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1872-6283
language eng
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source MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete
subjects Accuracy
Addictions
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Alfentanil - blood
Alfentanil - urine
Analgesics
Analgesics, Opioid - blood
Analgesics, Opioid - urine
Benzamides - blood
Benzamides - urine
Biological properties
Biological samples
Blood
Calibration
Child
Child, Preschool
Chromatography
Chromatography, Liquid
Drug abuse
Drug screening
Female
Fentanyl
Fentanyl - analogs & derivatives
Fentanyl - blood
Fentanyl - urine
Fentanyl analogues
Forensic sciences
France
Furans - blood
Furans - urine
Heroin
HPLC-MS/MS
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Limit of Detection
Liquid chromatography
Liquid-liquid extraction
Male
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Middle Aged
Misuse
Multiplexing
Narcotics
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome - diagnosis
Nitrogen
Opioids
Piperidines - blood
Piperidines - urine
Remifentanil
Remifentanil - blood
Remifentanil - urine
Retrospective Studies
Scientific imaging
Substance Abuse Detection
Substance-Related Disorders - diagnosis
Sufentanil
Sufentanil - blood
Sufentanil - urine
Synthetic opioids
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
U-47700
Urine
Young Adult
title Multiplex detection of 14 fentanyl analogues and U-47700 in biological samples: Application to a panel of French hospitalized patients
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