Rotary friction welded C45 to 16NiCr6 steel rods: statistical optimization coupled to mechanical and microstructure approaches
In the present work, the dissimilar joints between C45 carbon steel and nickel-chromium 16NiCr6 steel rods were produced using rotary friction welding process. Statistical analysis based on response surface methodology (RSM), microstructural examination using scanning electron microscopy with backsc...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of advanced manufacturing technology 2021-10, Vol.116 (7-8), p.2285-2298 |
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| container_title | International journal of advanced manufacturing technology |
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| creator | Belkahla, Youcef Mazouzi, Azzeddine Lebouachera, Seif El Islam Hassan, Ammar Jabbar Fides, Martin Hvizdoš, Pavol Cheniti, Billel Miroud, Djamel |
| description | In the present work, the dissimilar joints between C45 carbon steel and nickel-chromium 16NiCr6 steel rods were produced using rotary friction welding process. Statistical analysis based on response surface methodology (RSM), microstructural examination using scanning electron microscopy with backscattered electron diffraction (EBSD) and mechanical tests were performed to investigate the friction weld joints. The results showed that friction time and rotation speed were the most effective parameters on the weld joint quality with the highest t-ration of − 4.27, where the maximum bending strength of 1406.9 MPa was obtained at 2000 rpm for 13 s friction time. Increasing friction time to 13 s resulted in remarkable decrease in grain size (about 35%) at the weld interface, which increased the hardness (350HV0.1) and elastic modulus (260 GPa).
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| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00170-021-07597-z |
| format | Article |
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Graphical abstract</description><subject>Backscattering</subject><subject>Bend strength</subject><subject>CAE) and Design</subject><subject>Carbon steels</subject><subject>Chemical Sciences</subject><subject>Chromium</subject><subject>Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD</subject><subject>Electron diffraction</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Friction welding</subject><subject>Grain size</subject><subject>Industrial and Production Engineering</subject><subject>Maximum bending</subject><subject>Mechanical Engineering</subject><subject>Mechanical tests</subject><subject>Media Management</subject><subject>Microstructure</subject><subject>Modulus of elasticity</subject><subject>Optimization</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Response surface methodology</subject><subject>Rods</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Welded joints</subject><subject>Welding parameters</subject><issn>0268-3768</issn><issn>1433-3015</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1q3DAURkVJoNNJXqArQVZduJGsPzu7MDRNYWggJGuhka86Ch7LleSUziLPXs04pLusJMQ5n-7lQ-gzJV8pIeoyEUIVqUhNK6JEq6r9B7SgnLGKESpO0ILUsqmYks1H9Cmlp4JLKpsFerkP2cS_2EVvsw8D_gN9Bx1ecYFzwFT-9KsoccoAPY6hS1flbrJP2VvT4zBmv_N7c1RtmMa-uMXbgd2a4YiYocM7b2NIOU42TxGwGccYjN1COkOnzvQJzl_PJXq8-fawuq3Wd99_rK7XlWWtyhVjREDHTMeoBEtq58DxroGat9RumHKOGuWUaFoOG85US3ih6401nAoQHVuiL3Pu1vR6jH5XdtbBeH17vdaHN1K-UA1hz7SwFzNbhvw9Qcr6KUxxKOPpWsi2EZK3TaHqmTpsliK4t1hK9KETPXeiSyf62IneF4nNUirw8Avi_-h3rH9vHJEC</recordid><startdate>20211001</startdate><enddate>20211001</enddate><creator>Belkahla, Youcef</creator><creator>Mazouzi, Azzeddine</creator><creator>Lebouachera, Seif El Islam</creator><creator>Hassan, Ammar Jabbar</creator><creator>Fides, Martin</creator><creator>Hvizdoš, Pavol</creator><creator>Cheniti, Billel</creator><creator>Miroud, Djamel</creator><general>Springer London</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><general>Springer Verlag</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>1XC</scope><scope>VOOES</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3365-3377</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211001</creationdate><title>Rotary friction welded C45 to 16NiCr6 steel rods: statistical optimization coupled to mechanical and microstructure approaches</title><author>Belkahla, Youcef ; 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Statistical analysis based on response surface methodology (RSM), microstructural examination using scanning electron microscopy with backscattered electron diffraction (EBSD) and mechanical tests were performed to investigate the friction weld joints. The results showed that friction time and rotation speed were the most effective parameters on the weld joint quality with the highest t-ration of − 4.27, where the maximum bending strength of 1406.9 MPa was obtained at 2000 rpm for 13 s friction time. Increasing friction time to 13 s resulted in remarkable decrease in grain size (about 35%) at the weld interface, which increased the hardness (350HV0.1) and elastic modulus (260 GPa).
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| subjects | Backscattering Bend strength CAE) and Design Carbon steels Chemical Sciences Chromium Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD Electron diffraction Engineering Friction welding Grain size Industrial and Production Engineering Maximum bending Mechanical Engineering Mechanical tests Media Management Microstructure Modulus of elasticity Optimization Original Article Response surface methodology Rods Statistical analysis Welded joints Welding parameters |
| title | Rotary friction welded C45 to 16NiCr6 steel rods: statistical optimization coupled to mechanical and microstructure approaches |
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