Trabecular bone microarchitecture: A review

The bone mass is constituted during the life by the modeling and remodeling mechanisms. Trabecular bone consists in a network of trabeculae (plates and rods) whose distribution is highly anisotropic: trabeculae are disposed parallel to the resultant of stress lines (Wolff's law). Trabecular mic...

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Veröffentlicht in:Morphologie 2008-12, Vol.92 (299), p.162-170
Hauptverfasser: Chappard, D., Baslé, M.-F., Legrand, E., Audran, M.
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creator Chappard, D.
Baslé, M.-F.
Legrand, E.
Audran, M.
description The bone mass is constituted during the life by the modeling and remodeling mechanisms. Trabecular bone consists in a network of trabeculae (plates and rods) whose distribution is highly anisotropic: trabeculae are disposed parallel to the resultant of stress lines (Wolff's law). Trabecular microarchitecture appears conditioned by mechanical strains, which are exerted on the bones of the skeleton. However, few methods are currently clinically validated to appreciate and follow the evolution of microarchitecture in bone diseases. The most developed studies relate to microarchitectural measurements obtained by bone histomorphometry with the use of new algorithms, which can appreciate 2D various characteristics of the trabeculae, such as thickness and connectivity. Several works have shown that microarchitecture parameters should be obtained by using several independent techniques. X-ray microtomography (microCT), micro-RMI, synchrotron also allow the measurement in 3D of the trabecular microarchitecture in a nondestructive way on bone specimens. This review describes the evolution of our knowledge on bone microarchitecture, its role in bone diseases, such as osteoporosis and the various methods of histological evaluation in 2D and 3D. Le capital osseux se constitue au cours de la vie par les mécanismes de modelage et de remodelage. Le tissu trabéculaire est constitué par un ensemble de travées (plaques et piliers), dont la répartition est hautement anisotrope : les travées se disposent parallèlement à la résultante des lignes de contraintes (loi de Wolff). La microarchitecture trabéculaire apparaît conditionnée par les contraintes mécaniques qui s’exercent sur les pièces squelettiques. Cependant, peu de méthodes sont actuellement validées cliniquement pour apprécier et suivre l’évolution de la microarchitecture dans les ostéopathies. Les études les plus développées portent sur l’appréciation microarchitecturale par histomorphométrie osseuse grâce à l’utilisation de nouveaux algorithmes permettant d’apprécier en 2D différentes caractéristiques trabéculaires, dont la connectivité. Plusieurs travaux ont montré que l’appréciation de la microarchitecture devait utiliser plusieurs techniques indépendantes. La microtomographie X (microCT), la micro-IRM, le synchrotron permettent aussi de mesurer en 3D l’architecture trabéculaire de façon non destructive sur des prélèvements osseux. Cette revue décrit l’évolution des connaissances sur la microarchitecture osseuse, s
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Trabecular bone consists in a network of trabeculae (plates and rods) whose distribution is highly anisotropic: trabeculae are disposed parallel to the resultant of stress lines (Wolff's law). Trabecular microarchitecture appears conditioned by mechanical strains, which are exerted on the bones of the skeleton. However, few methods are currently clinically validated to appreciate and follow the evolution of microarchitecture in bone diseases. The most developed studies relate to microarchitectural measurements obtained by bone histomorphometry with the use of new algorithms, which can appreciate 2D various characteristics of the trabeculae, such as thickness and connectivity. Several works have shown that microarchitecture parameters should be obtained by using several independent techniques. X-ray microtomography (microCT), micro-RMI, synchrotron also allow the measurement in 3D of the trabecular microarchitecture in a nondestructive way on bone specimens. 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Les études les plus développées portent sur l’appréciation microarchitecturale par histomorphométrie osseuse grâce à l’utilisation de nouveaux algorithmes permettant d’apprécier en 2D différentes caractéristiques trabéculaires, dont la connectivité. Plusieurs travaux ont montré que l’appréciation de la microarchitecture devait utiliser plusieurs techniques indépendantes. La microtomographie X (microCT), la micro-IRM, le synchrotron permettent aussi de mesurer en 3D l’architecture trabéculaire de façon non destructive sur des prélèvements osseux. 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Psychology</subject><subject>Histomorphometry</subject><subject>Histomorphométrie</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Imaging, Three-Dimensional</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Microarchitecture</subject><subject>MicroCT</subject><subject>Microtomographie</subject><subject>Os trabéculaire</subject><subject>Osteoclasts - pathology</subject><subject>Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - pathology</subject><subject>Remodelage</subject><subject>Remodeling</subject><subject>Skeleton and joints</subject><subject>Stress, Mechanical</subject><subject>Tomography, X-Ray</subject><subject>Trabecular bone</subject><subject>Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system</subject><subject>Weight-Bearing</subject><issn>1286-0115</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1Lw0AQhveg-P0PRHpREGndySbZXQ9CEbVCwUs9L5vJhG5JmrrbVPz3bkjRm6eBl2deZh7GLoFPgEN-v5o0rd8s20nCuYrRhHNxwE4gUfmYA2TH7DSEFecpiFQesWPQHLQEdcLuFt4WhF1t_aho1zRqHPrWely6LeG28_Qwmo487Rx9nbPDytaBLvbzjH28PC-eZuP5--vb03Q-RiH0dpwiohQSMm11qWWZZzlJATopEiUySqtSZsIqXRWSEyhJijBHTKzUgIAoztjt0Lu0tdl411j_bVrrzGw6N33GRZKDzuUOInszsBvffnYUtqZxAamu7ZraLphcK5lymUYwHcD4Xgieqt9m4KaXaFZmkGh6iX0aJca1q31_VzRU_i3tDUbgeg_YgLauvF2jC79cwlXE0r7oceAomos2vQnoaI1UOh9Fm7J1_1_yA-k_kdg</recordid><startdate>200812</startdate><enddate>200812</enddate><creator>Chappard, D.</creator><creator>Baslé, M.-F.</creator><creator>Legrand, E.</creator><creator>Audran, M.</creator><general>Elsevier Masson SAS</general><general>Masson</general><general>Elsevier Masson</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>1XC</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200812</creationdate><title>Trabecular bone microarchitecture: A review</title><author>Chappard, D. ; Baslé, M.-F. ; Legrand, E. ; Audran, M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c339t-4ccc737159a9d97d656e73192b2835e4fd753a89fb70e187e8ec6cc2a791c1cc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aging - pathology</topic><topic>Anthropometry - methods</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Bone and Bones - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Bone and Bones - ultrastructure</topic><topic>Bone Development</topic><topic>Bone Diseases, Metabolic - pathology</topic><topic>Bone Remodeling</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fractals</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Histomorphometry</topic><topic>Histomorphométrie</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Imaging, Three-Dimensional</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Microarchitecture</topic><topic>MicroCT</topic><topic>Microtomographie</topic><topic>Os trabéculaire</topic><topic>Osteoclasts - pathology</topic><topic>Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - pathology</topic><topic>Remodelage</topic><topic>Remodeling</topic><topic>Skeleton and joints</topic><topic>Stress, Mechanical</topic><topic>Tomography, X-Ray</topic><topic>Trabecular bone</topic><topic>Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system</topic><topic>Weight-Bearing</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chappard, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baslé, M.-F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Legrand, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Audran, M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><jtitle>Morphologie</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chappard, D.</au><au>Baslé, M.-F.</au><au>Legrand, E.</au><au>Audran, M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Trabecular bone microarchitecture: A review</atitle><jtitle>Morphologie</jtitle><addtitle>Morphologie</addtitle><date>2008-12</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>92</volume><issue>299</issue><spage>162</spage><epage>170</epage><pages>162-170</pages><issn>1286-0115</issn><abstract>The bone mass is constituted during the life by the modeling and remodeling mechanisms. Trabecular bone consists in a network of trabeculae (plates and rods) whose distribution is highly anisotropic: trabeculae are disposed parallel to the resultant of stress lines (Wolff's law). Trabecular microarchitecture appears conditioned by mechanical strains, which are exerted on the bones of the skeleton. However, few methods are currently clinically validated to appreciate and follow the evolution of microarchitecture in bone diseases. The most developed studies relate to microarchitectural measurements obtained by bone histomorphometry with the use of new algorithms, which can appreciate 2D various characteristics of the trabeculae, such as thickness and connectivity. Several works have shown that microarchitecture parameters should be obtained by using several independent techniques. X-ray microtomography (microCT), micro-RMI, synchrotron also allow the measurement in 3D of the trabecular microarchitecture in a nondestructive way on bone specimens. This review describes the evolution of our knowledge on bone microarchitecture, its role in bone diseases, such as osteoporosis and the various methods of histological evaluation in 2D and 3D. Le capital osseux se constitue au cours de la vie par les mécanismes de modelage et de remodelage. Le tissu trabéculaire est constitué par un ensemble de travées (plaques et piliers), dont la répartition est hautement anisotrope : les travées se disposent parallèlement à la résultante des lignes de contraintes (loi de Wolff). La microarchitecture trabéculaire apparaît conditionnée par les contraintes mécaniques qui s’exercent sur les pièces squelettiques. Cependant, peu de méthodes sont actuellement validées cliniquement pour apprécier et suivre l’évolution de la microarchitecture dans les ostéopathies. Les études les plus développées portent sur l’appréciation microarchitecturale par histomorphométrie osseuse grâce à l’utilisation de nouveaux algorithmes permettant d’apprécier en 2D différentes caractéristiques trabéculaires, dont la connectivité. Plusieurs travaux ont montré que l’appréciation de la microarchitecture devait utiliser plusieurs techniques indépendantes. La microtomographie X (microCT), la micro-IRM, le synchrotron permettent aussi de mesurer en 3D l’architecture trabéculaire de façon non destructive sur des prélèvements osseux. Cette revue décrit l’évolution des connaissances sur la microarchitecture osseuse, son rôle dans les maladies osseuses, comme l’ostéoporose et les différentes méthodes d’évaluation histologique en 2D et en 3D.</abstract><cop>Issy-les-Moulineaux</cop><pub>Elsevier Masson SAS</pub><pmid>19019718</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.morpho.2008.10.003</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Aging - pathology
Anthropometry - methods
Biological and medical sciences
Bone and Bones - diagnostic imaging
Bone and Bones - ultrastructure
Bone Development
Bone Diseases, Metabolic - pathology
Bone Remodeling
Child
Female
Fractals
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Histomorphometry
Histomorphométrie
Humans
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
Life Sciences
Male
Microarchitecture
MicroCT
Microtomographie
Os trabéculaire
Osteoclasts - pathology
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - pathology
Remodelage
Remodeling
Skeleton and joints
Stress, Mechanical
Tomography, X-Ray
Trabecular bone
Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system
Weight-Bearing
title Trabecular bone microarchitecture: A review
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