Potential substitutes for critical materials in white LEDs: Technological challenges and market opportunities

White light emitting diodes (wLEDs) have become, in the last decade, the most efficient device for most lighting applications. They are mainly composed of indium and gallium for the blue emitting LED, and rare-earth elements for the phosphor producing the yellow component of the white light. Those e...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Renewable & sustainable energy reviews 2021-06, Vol.143, p.110869, Article 110869
Hauptverfasser:	Gaffuri, Pierre, Stolyarova, Elena, Llerena, Daniel, Appert, Estelle, Consonni, Marianne, Robin, Stéphane, Consonni, Vincent
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Chemical Sciences Consumer behavior Critical materials Economics and Finance Humanities and Social Sciences Light emitting diode Material chemistry Reduction and substitution Sustainable materials Technological alternatives
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