The infection cushion of Botrytis cinerea: a fungal ‘weapon’ of plant‐biomass destruction
Summary The necrotrophic plant‐pathogen fungus Botrytis cinerea produces multicellular appressoria dedicated to plant penetration, named infection cushions (IC). A microarray analysis was performed to identify genes upregulated in mature IC. The expression data were validated by RT‐qPCR analysis per...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental microbiology 2021-04, Vol.23 (4), p.2293-2314 |
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| creator | Choquer, Mathias Rascle, Christine Gonçalves, Isabelle R. Vallée, Amélie Ribot, Cécile Loisel, Elise Smilevski, Pavlé Ferria, Jordan Savadogo, Mahamadi Souibgui, Eytham Gagey, Marie‐Josèphe Dupuy, Jean‐William Rollins, Jeffrey A. Marcato, Riccardo Noûs, Camille Bruel, Christophe Poussereau, Nathalie |
| description | Summary
The necrotrophic plant‐pathogen fungus Botrytis cinerea produces multicellular appressoria dedicated to plant penetration, named infection cushions (IC). A microarray analysis was performed to identify genes upregulated in mature IC. The expression data were validated by RT‐qPCR analysis performed in vitro and in planta, proteomic analysis of the IC secretome and biochemical assays. 1231 upregulated genes and 79 up‐accumulated proteins were identified. The data support the secretion of effectors by IC: phytotoxins, ROS, proteases, cutinases, plant cell wall–degrading enzymes and plant cell death–inducing proteins. Parallel upregulation of sugar transport and sugar catabolism–encoding genes would indicate a role of IC in nutrition. The data also reveal a substantial remodelling of the IC cell wall and suggest a role for melanin and chitosan in IC function. Lastly, mutagenesis of two upregulated genes in IC identified secreted fasciclin‐like proteins as actors in the pathogenesis of B. cinerea. These results support the role of IC in plant penetration and also introduce other unexpected functions for this fungal organ, in colonization, necrotrophy and nutrition of the pathogen. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/1462-2920.15416 |
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The necrotrophic plant‐pathogen fungus Botrytis cinerea produces multicellular appressoria dedicated to plant penetration, named infection cushions (IC). A microarray analysis was performed to identify genes upregulated in mature IC. The expression data were validated by RT‐qPCR analysis performed in vitro and in planta, proteomic analysis of the IC secretome and biochemical assays. 1231 upregulated genes and 79 up‐accumulated proteins were identified. The data support the secretion of effectors by IC: phytotoxins, ROS, proteases, cutinases, plant cell wall–degrading enzymes and plant cell death–inducing proteins. Parallel upregulation of sugar transport and sugar catabolism–encoding genes would indicate a role of IC in nutrition. The data also reveal a substantial remodelling of the IC cell wall and suggest a role for melanin and chitosan in IC function. Lastly, mutagenesis of two upregulated genes in IC identified secreted fasciclin‐like proteins as actors in the pathogenesis of B. cinerea. These results support the role of IC in plant penetration and also introduce other unexpected functions for this fungal organ, in colonization, necrotrophy and nutrition of the pathogen.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1462-2912</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1462-2920</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15416</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33538395</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Appressoria ; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ; Botrytis cinerea ; Catabolism ; Cell death ; Cell walls ; Chitosan ; Colonization ; Cushions ; Fungi ; Genes ; Genomics ; Identification ; Life Sciences ; Melanin ; Microbiology and Parasitology ; Mutagenesis ; Mycology ; Nutrition ; Pathogenesis ; Pathogens ; Penetration ; Phytotoxins ; Proteins ; Saccharides ; Secretion ; Secretome ; Sugar</subject><ispartof>Environmental microbiology, 2021-04, Vol.23 (4), p.2293-2314</ispartof><rights>2021 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>2021 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4466-b953569a5bbb0d1846d87c215a80b83c80cd55b18039b0386d8be313e345f8b33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4466-b953569a5bbb0d1846d87c215a80b83c80cd55b18039b0386d8be313e345f8b33</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3768-160X ; 0000-0002-2448-4797 ; 0000-0001-8389-9485 ; 0000-0002-0778-8115</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2F1462-2920.15416$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2F1462-2920.15416$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33538395$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-03153197$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Choquer, Mathias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rascle, Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gonçalves, Isabelle R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vallée, Amélie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ribot, Cécile</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loisel, Elise</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smilevski, Pavlé</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferria, Jordan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Savadogo, Mahamadi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Souibgui, Eytham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gagey, Marie‐Josèphe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dupuy, Jean‐William</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rollins, Jeffrey A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marcato, Riccardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noûs, Camille</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bruel, Christophe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poussereau, Nathalie</creatorcontrib><title>The infection cushion of Botrytis cinerea: a fungal ‘weapon’ of plant‐biomass destruction</title><title>Environmental microbiology</title><addtitle>Environ Microbiol</addtitle><description>Summary
The necrotrophic plant‐pathogen fungus Botrytis cinerea produces multicellular appressoria dedicated to plant penetration, named infection cushions (IC). A microarray analysis was performed to identify genes upregulated in mature IC. The expression data were validated by RT‐qPCR analysis performed in vitro and in planta, proteomic analysis of the IC secretome and biochemical assays. 1231 upregulated genes and 79 up‐accumulated proteins were identified. The data support the secretion of effectors by IC: phytotoxins, ROS, proteases, cutinases, plant cell wall–degrading enzymes and plant cell death–inducing proteins. Parallel upregulation of sugar transport and sugar catabolism–encoding genes would indicate a role of IC in nutrition. The data also reveal a substantial remodelling of the IC cell wall and suggest a role for melanin and chitosan in IC function. Lastly, mutagenesis of two upregulated genes in IC identified secreted fasciclin‐like proteins as actors in the pathogenesis of B. cinerea. These results support the role of IC in plant penetration and also introduce other unexpected functions for this fungal organ, in colonization, necrotrophy and nutrition of the pathogen.</description><subject>Appressoria</subject><subject>Biochemistry, Molecular Biology</subject><subject>Botrytis cinerea</subject><subject>Catabolism</subject><subject>Cell death</subject><subject>Cell walls</subject><subject>Chitosan</subject><subject>Colonization</subject><subject>Cushions</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genomics</subject><subject>Identification</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Melanin</subject><subject>Microbiology and Parasitology</subject><subject>Mutagenesis</subject><subject>Mycology</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Pathogenesis</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Penetration</subject><subject>Phytotoxins</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Saccharides</subject><subject>Secretion</subject><subject>Secretome</subject><subject>Sugar</subject><issn>1462-2912</issn><issn>1462-2920</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkLFOwzAQhi0EoqUws6FITAyhdi5OHLZSFVqpiKXMlp04NFUaFzuh6tZHYITX65OQNKUrXs4-f_fp9CN0TfA9qU-f-IHnepFXP6lPghPUPXZOj3fiddCFtQuMSQghPkcdAAoMItpFfDZXTlakKi4zXThxZedN1anzqEuzKTPrxFmhjBIPjnDSqngXubPbfq-VWOlit_1p0FUuinK3_ZKZXgprnUTZ0lR74yU6S0Vu1dWh9tDb02g2HLvT1-fJcDB1Y98PAldGFGgQCSqlxAlhfpCwMPYIFQxLBjHDcUKpJAxDJDGw-lsqIKDApymTAD1013rnIucrky2F2XAtMj4eTHnTw0AokCj8JDV727Iroz-qele-0JUp6vW4R4kfAY1wY-y3VGy0tUalRy3BvAmfN_HyJmq-D7-euDl4K7lUyZH_S7sGaAuss1xt_vPx0cukFf8Cw8mPVg</recordid><startdate>202104</startdate><enddate>202104</enddate><creator>Choquer, Mathias</creator><creator>Rascle, Christine</creator><creator>Gonçalves, Isabelle R.</creator><creator>Vallée, Amélie</creator><creator>Ribot, Cécile</creator><creator>Loisel, Elise</creator><creator>Smilevski, Pavlé</creator><creator>Ferria, Jordan</creator><creator>Savadogo, Mahamadi</creator><creator>Souibgui, Eytham</creator><creator>Gagey, Marie‐Josèphe</creator><creator>Dupuy, Jean‐William</creator><creator>Rollins, Jeffrey A.</creator><creator>Marcato, Riccardo</creator><creator>Noûs, Camille</creator><creator>Bruel, Christophe</creator><creator>Poussereau, Nathalie</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><general>Society for Applied Microbiology and Wiley-Blackwell</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>1XC</scope><scope>VOOES</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3768-160X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2448-4797</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8389-9485</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0778-8115</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202104</creationdate><title>The infection cushion of Botrytis cinerea: a fungal ‘weapon’ of plant‐biomass destruction</title><author>Choquer, Mathias ; 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The necrotrophic plant‐pathogen fungus Botrytis cinerea produces multicellular appressoria dedicated to plant penetration, named infection cushions (IC). A microarray analysis was performed to identify genes upregulated in mature IC. The expression data were validated by RT‐qPCR analysis performed in vitro and in planta, proteomic analysis of the IC secretome and biochemical assays. 1231 upregulated genes and 79 up‐accumulated proteins were identified. The data support the secretion of effectors by IC: phytotoxins, ROS, proteases, cutinases, plant cell wall–degrading enzymes and plant cell death–inducing proteins. Parallel upregulation of sugar transport and sugar catabolism–encoding genes would indicate a role of IC in nutrition. The data also reveal a substantial remodelling of the IC cell wall and suggest a role for melanin and chitosan in IC function. Lastly, mutagenesis of two upregulated genes in IC identified secreted fasciclin‐like proteins as actors in the pathogenesis of B. cinerea. These results support the role of IC in plant penetration and also introduce other unexpected functions for this fungal organ, in colonization, necrotrophy and nutrition of the pathogen.</abstract><cop>Hoboken, USA</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><pmid>33538395</pmid><doi>10.1111/1462-2920.15416</doi><tpages>22</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3768-160X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2448-4797</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8389-9485</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0778-8115</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Appressoria Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Botrytis cinerea Catabolism Cell death Cell walls Chitosan Colonization Cushions Fungi Genes Genomics Identification Life Sciences Melanin Microbiology and Parasitology Mutagenesis Mycology Nutrition Pathogenesis Pathogens Penetration Phytotoxins Proteins Saccharides Secretion Secretome Sugar |
| title | The infection cushion of Botrytis cinerea: a fungal ‘weapon’ of plant‐biomass destruction |
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