A brief review of recent data on some cytokine expressions at the materno-foetal interface which might challenge the classical Th1/Th2 dichotomy
Focussing attention on cytokines at the materno-foetal interface represents one of the major advances made in the field. This owes much to the visionary views of Tom Wegmann, and to the changes brought about in the field by immunotrophism and Th1/Th2 paradigms. We review these briefly and also point...
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description | Focussing attention on cytokines at the materno-foetal interface represents one of the major advances made in the field. This owes much to the visionary views of Tom Wegmann, and to the changes brought about in the field by immunotrophism and Th1/Th2 paradigms. We review these briefly and also point out some emerging problems.
However, a certain number of newly discovered cytokines do not fit into the classical Th1/Th2 dichotomy. Yet, by their capacity to activate or downregulate NK cells, by their action on adhesion molecules, and by their regulatory effects on the vascularisation process, they are of possible interest within the materno-foetal relationship. Therefore, as a first step, we have undertaken a systematic study of the expression of IL-11, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17 and IL-18 in the uterus, the peri-implantation embryo, and later on decidual and placental tissues throughout pregnancy. These cytokines were detected in every case, with, in each case, a precise localisation, which will be detailed, and which indeed suggests important regulatory functions, especially during implantation. In some cases, as will be shown in the peri-implantation uterus, those cells are perfectly expressed by uterine GMG-NK-like cells. Comparative ELISAs and quantitative RT–PCR have been or are being conducted, but already the expression patterns that are observed, and the very precise window of appearance that is observed for some of the GMG NK-like cells, either around or in the implanting embryo, as well as the complexity of the respective distributions, strongly suggest that, as useful as it certainly was for a while, the Th1/Th2 paradigm must now be considered as an over-simplification. Rather, the existing data point to sequential windows and are suggestive of a system where an extreme complexity is allied to very precise timing and tuning. They also suggest that the materno-foetal relationship is not simply maternal tolerance of a foreign tissue, but a series of intricate mutual cytokine interactions governing selective immune regulation and also control of the adhesion and vascularisation processes during this dialogue. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0165-0378(01)00119-X |
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However, a certain number of newly discovered cytokines do not fit into the classical Th1/Th2 dichotomy. Yet, by their capacity to activate or downregulate NK cells, by their action on adhesion molecules, and by their regulatory effects on the vascularisation process, they are of possible interest within the materno-foetal relationship. Therefore, as a first step, we have undertaken a systematic study of the expression of IL-11, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17 and IL-18 in the uterus, the peri-implantation embryo, and later on decidual and placental tissues throughout pregnancy. These cytokines were detected in every case, with, in each case, a precise localisation, which will be detailed, and which indeed suggests important regulatory functions, especially during implantation. In some cases, as will be shown in the peri-implantation uterus, those cells are perfectly expressed by uterine GMG-NK-like cells. Comparative ELISAs and quantitative RT–PCR have been or are being conducted, but already the expression patterns that are observed, and the very precise window of appearance that is observed for some of the GMG NK-like cells, either around or in the implanting embryo, as well as the complexity of the respective distributions, strongly suggest that, as useful as it certainly was for a while, the Th1/Th2 paradigm must now be considered as an over-simplification. Rather, the existing data point to sequential windows and are suggestive of a system where an extreme complexity is allied to very precise timing and tuning. They also suggest that the materno-foetal relationship is not simply maternal tolerance of a foreign tissue, but a series of intricate mutual cytokine interactions governing selective immune regulation and also control of the adhesion and vascularisation processes during this dialogue.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0165-0378</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-7603</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0165-0378(01)00119-X</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11730920</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JRIMDR</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Shannon: Elsevier Ireland Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blastocyst - immunology ; Cytokine expressions ; Cytokines - genetics ; Decidua - immunology ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gene Expression ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; Humans ; Inflammation - genetics ; Inflammation - immunology ; Killer Cells, Natural - immunology ; Life Sciences ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange - genetics ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange - immunology ; Materno-foetal interface ; Mice ; Mother. Fetoplacental unit. Mammary gland. Milk ; Placenta - immunology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy. Parturition. Lactation ; Th1 Cells - immunology ; Th1/Th2 dichotomy ; Th2 Cells - immunology ; Uterus - immunology ; Vertebrates: reproduction</subject><ispartof>Journal of reproductive immunology, 2002, Vol.53 (1), p.241-256</ispartof><rights>2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd</rights><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-778205d3b732e16b34ac0a9579cbc0cd7e2ffb6e70a907784fc5eabecb4949ba3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-778205d3b732e16b34ac0a9579cbc0cd7e2ffb6e70a907784fc5eabecb4949ba3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0378(01)00119-X$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,309,310,314,780,784,789,790,885,3550,4024,4050,4051,23930,23931,25140,27923,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=13420785$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11730920$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02675010$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chaouat, Gérard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zourbas, Sandrine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ostojic, Sasa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lappree-Delage, Geneviève</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dubanchet, Sylvie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ledee, Natalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martal, Jacques</creatorcontrib><title>A brief review of recent data on some cytokine expressions at the materno-foetal interface which might challenge the classical Th1/Th2 dichotomy</title><title>Journal of reproductive immunology</title><addtitle>J Reprod Immunol</addtitle><description>Focussing attention on cytokines at the materno-foetal interface represents one of the major advances made in the field. This owes much to the visionary views of Tom Wegmann, and to the changes brought about in the field by immunotrophism and Th1/Th2 paradigms. We review these briefly and also point out some emerging problems.
However, a certain number of newly discovered cytokines do not fit into the classical Th1/Th2 dichotomy. Yet, by their capacity to activate or downregulate NK cells, by their action on adhesion molecules, and by their regulatory effects on the vascularisation process, they are of possible interest within the materno-foetal relationship. Therefore, as a first step, we have undertaken a systematic study of the expression of IL-11, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17 and IL-18 in the uterus, the peri-implantation embryo, and later on decidual and placental tissues throughout pregnancy. These cytokines were detected in every case, with, in each case, a precise localisation, which will be detailed, and which indeed suggests important regulatory functions, especially during implantation. In some cases, as will be shown in the peri-implantation uterus, those cells are perfectly expressed by uterine GMG-NK-like cells. Comparative ELISAs and quantitative RT–PCR have been or are being conducted, but already the expression patterns that are observed, and the very precise window of appearance that is observed for some of the GMG NK-like cells, either around or in the implanting embryo, as well as the complexity of the respective distributions, strongly suggest that, as useful as it certainly was for a while, the Th1/Th2 paradigm must now be considered as an over-simplification. Rather, the existing data point to sequential windows and are suggestive of a system where an extreme complexity is allied to very precise timing and tuning. They also suggest that the materno-foetal relationship is not simply maternal tolerance of a foreign tissue, but a series of intricate mutual cytokine interactions governing selective immune regulation and also control of the adhesion and vascularisation processes during this dialogue.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blastocyst - immunology</subject><subject>Cytokine expressions</subject><subject>Cytokines - genetics</subject><subject>Decidua - immunology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gene Expression</subject><subject>Histocompatibility Antigens Class I</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammation - genetics</subject><subject>Inflammation - immunology</subject><subject>Killer Cells, Natural - immunology</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Maternal-Fetal Exchange - genetics</subject><subject>Maternal-Fetal Exchange - immunology</subject><subject>Materno-foetal interface</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mother. Fetoplacental unit. Mammary gland. Milk</subject><subject>Placenta - immunology</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Pregnancy. Parturition. Lactation</subject><subject>Th1 Cells - immunology</subject><subject>Th1/Th2 dichotomy</subject><subject>Th2 Cells - immunology</subject><subject>Uterus - immunology</subject><subject>Vertebrates: reproduction</subject><issn>0165-0378</issn><issn>1872-7603</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc1u1DAQgC0EotvCI4B8AdFD2nGcxMmpWlXQVlqJQxepN8txJo0hsRfb27Jv0UfG-6P22IP_Rt-MR_MR8onBGQNWnd-mrcyAi_obsFMAxprs7g2ZsVrkmaiAvyWzZ-SIHIfwO0ECGvaeHDEmODQ5zMjTnLbeYE89Phh8pG5702gj7VRU1Fka3IRUb6L7YyxS_LfyGIJxNlAVaRyQTiqity7rHUY1UmPTs1ca6eNg9EAncz9Eqgc1jmjvcZeiR5Vq6EQvB3a-HHLaJdRFN20-kHe9GgN-PJwn5NeP78vL62zx8-rmcr7IdFFWMROizqHseCt4jqxqeaE0qKYUjW416E5g3vdthSIFIcFFr0tULeq2aIqmVfyEnO7rpsbkyptJ-Y10ysjr-UJuY5BXogQGDyyxX_fsyru_awxRTiZoHEdl0a2DFIxzLtJ6DWQ1a5paFAks96D2LgSP_XMLDOTWr9z5lVt5Epjc-ZV3Ke_z4YN1O2H3knUQmoAvB0CFNN_eK6tNeOF4kYOoy8Rd7DlMM07mvQzaoNXYmeQ_ys6ZV1r5Dz1-w0E</recordid><startdate>2002</startdate><enddate>2002</enddate><creator>Chaouat, Gérard</creator><creator>Zourbas, Sandrine</creator><creator>Ostojic, Sasa</creator><creator>Lappree-Delage, Geneviève</creator><creator>Dubanchet, Sylvie</creator><creator>Ledee, Natalie</creator><creator>Martal, Jacques</creator><general>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>1XC</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2002</creationdate><title>A brief review of recent data on some cytokine expressions at the materno-foetal interface which might challenge the classical Th1/Th2 dichotomy</title><author>Chaouat, Gérard ; Zourbas, Sandrine ; Ostojic, Sasa ; Lappree-Delage, Geneviève ; Dubanchet, Sylvie ; Ledee, Natalie ; Martal, Jacques</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-778205d3b732e16b34ac0a9579cbc0cd7e2ffb6e70a907784fc5eabecb4949ba3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blastocyst - immunology</topic><topic>Cytokine expressions</topic><topic>Cytokines - genetics</topic><topic>Decidua - immunology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gene Expression</topic><topic>Histocompatibility Antigens Class I</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammation - genetics</topic><topic>Inflammation - immunology</topic><topic>Killer Cells, Natural - immunology</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Maternal-Fetal Exchange - genetics</topic><topic>Maternal-Fetal Exchange - immunology</topic><topic>Materno-foetal interface</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Mother. Fetoplacental unit. Mammary gland. Milk</topic><topic>Placenta - immunology</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Pregnancy. Parturition. Lactation</topic><topic>Th1 Cells - immunology</topic><topic>Th1/Th2 dichotomy</topic><topic>Th2 Cells - immunology</topic><topic>Uterus - immunology</topic><topic>Vertebrates: reproduction</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chaouat, Gérard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zourbas, Sandrine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ostojic, Sasa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lappree-Delage, Geneviève</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dubanchet, Sylvie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ledee, Natalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martal, Jacques</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><jtitle>Journal of reproductive immunology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chaouat, Gérard</au><au>Zourbas, Sandrine</au><au>Ostojic, Sasa</au><au>Lappree-Delage, Geneviève</au><au>Dubanchet, Sylvie</au><au>Ledee, Natalie</au><au>Martal, Jacques</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A brief review of recent data on some cytokine expressions at the materno-foetal interface which might challenge the classical Th1/Th2 dichotomy</atitle><jtitle>Journal of reproductive immunology</jtitle><addtitle>J Reprod Immunol</addtitle><date>2002</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>53</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>241</spage><epage>256</epage><pages>241-256</pages><issn>0165-0378</issn><eissn>1872-7603</eissn><coden>JRIMDR</coden><abstract>Focussing attention on cytokines at the materno-foetal interface represents one of the major advances made in the field. This owes much to the visionary views of Tom Wegmann, and to the changes brought about in the field by immunotrophism and Th1/Th2 paradigms. We review these briefly and also point out some emerging problems.
However, a certain number of newly discovered cytokines do not fit into the classical Th1/Th2 dichotomy. Yet, by their capacity to activate or downregulate NK cells, by their action on adhesion molecules, and by their regulatory effects on the vascularisation process, they are of possible interest within the materno-foetal relationship. Therefore, as a first step, we have undertaken a systematic study of the expression of IL-11, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17 and IL-18 in the uterus, the peri-implantation embryo, and later on decidual and placental tissues throughout pregnancy. These cytokines were detected in every case, with, in each case, a precise localisation, which will be detailed, and which indeed suggests important regulatory functions, especially during implantation. In some cases, as will be shown in the peri-implantation uterus, those cells are perfectly expressed by uterine GMG-NK-like cells. Comparative ELISAs and quantitative RT–PCR have been or are being conducted, but already the expression patterns that are observed, and the very precise window of appearance that is observed for some of the GMG NK-like cells, either around or in the implanting embryo, as well as the complexity of the respective distributions, strongly suggest that, as useful as it certainly was for a while, the Th1/Th2 paradigm must now be considered as an over-simplification. Rather, the existing data point to sequential windows and are suggestive of a system where an extreme complexity is allied to very precise timing and tuning. They also suggest that the materno-foetal relationship is not simply maternal tolerance of a foreign tissue, but a series of intricate mutual cytokine interactions governing selective immune regulation and also control of the adhesion and vascularisation processes during this dialogue.</abstract><cop>Shannon</cop><pub>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</pub><pmid>11730920</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0165-0378(01)00119-X</doi><tpages>16</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Biological and medical sciences Blastocyst - immunology Cytokine expressions Cytokines - genetics Decidua - immunology Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Expression Histocompatibility Antigens Class I Humans Inflammation - genetics Inflammation - immunology Killer Cells, Natural - immunology Life Sciences Maternal-Fetal Exchange - genetics Maternal-Fetal Exchange - immunology Materno-foetal interface Mice Mother. Fetoplacental unit. Mammary gland. Milk Placenta - immunology Pregnancy Pregnancy. Parturition. Lactation Th1 Cells - immunology Th1/Th2 dichotomy Th2 Cells - immunology Uterus - immunology Vertebrates: reproduction |
title | A brief review of recent data on some cytokine expressions at the materno-foetal interface which might challenge the classical Th1/Th2 dichotomy |
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