Effects of graded levels of duodenal infusions of leucine on mammary uptake and output in lactating dairy cows
Four multiparous Holstein cows, each equipped with a duodenal cannula and an ultrasonic mammary blood flow probe, were assigned to a 4×4 Latin square to measure the effects of duodenal infusions of Leu (0, 40, 80 and 120 g/d) on lactational responses and mammary metabolism of nutrients. Cows were fe...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of dairy research 2006-08, Vol.73 (3), p.328-339 |
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| creator | Rulquin, Henri Pisulewski, Pawel M |
| description | Four multiparous Holstein cows, each equipped with a duodenal cannula and an ultrasonic mammary blood flow probe, were assigned to a 4×4 Latin square to measure the effects of duodenal infusions of Leu (0, 40, 80 and 120 g/d) on lactational responses and mammary metabolism of nutrients. Cows were fed a diet of 67·0% corn silage, 5·3% grass hay, 14·2% peas, 7·8% maize starch, 1·0% each of molasses, urea, and sodium bicarbonate and 2·4% minerals and vitamins. Requirements of the remaining 9 essential amino acids were met by infusing into the duodenum 323 g/d of a mixture of amino acids including, Ile, Val, Met, Lys, Trp, Phe, His, Thr, Arg, Tyr and Glu. Milk protein content and yield were highest with 40 g/d of Leu and then progressively declined. Milk fat content and yield were significantly decreased over the entire range of Leu infusions. Arterial concentrations of Leu increased linearly and corresponding mammary arterio-venous differences increased to a plateau with 80 g/d of Leu. As Leu infusions increased, extraction rates of Leu decreased linearly, whereas those of Ile, Val, Lys, Arg, Thr and Tyr were significantly increased. Leu was taken up by the mammary gland according to milk output with 0 and 40 g/d of Leu infused and then largely in excess. Based on responses of protein yield and mammary uptake to milk output ratio, Leu concentration in total amino acids absorbed in the small intestine needs to be close to 8·9% for optimal milk protein synthesis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S0022029906001841 |
| format | Article |
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Cows were fed a diet of 67·0% corn silage, 5·3% grass hay, 14·2% peas, 7·8% maize starch, 1·0% each of molasses, urea, and sodium bicarbonate and 2·4% minerals and vitamins. Requirements of the remaining 9 essential amino acids were met by infusing into the duodenum 323 g/d of a mixture of amino acids including, Ile, Val, Met, Lys, Trp, Phe, His, Thr, Arg, Tyr and Glu. Milk protein content and yield were highest with 40 g/d of Leu and then progressively declined. Milk fat content and yield were significantly decreased over the entire range of Leu infusions. Arterial concentrations of Leu increased linearly and corresponding mammary arterio-venous differences increased to a plateau with 80 g/d of Leu. As Leu infusions increased, extraction rates of Leu decreased linearly, whereas those of Ile, Val, Lys, Arg, Thr and Tyr were significantly increased. Leu was taken up by the mammary gland according to milk output with 0 and 40 g/d of Leu infused and then largely in excess. Based on responses of protein yield and mammary uptake to milk output ratio, Leu concentration in total amino acids absorbed in the small intestine needs to be close to 8·9% for optimal milk protein synthesis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-0299</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-7629</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S0022029906001841</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16569279</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JDRSAN</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Agricultural sciences ; Amino acids ; Animal productions ; Animals ; application methods ; Biological and medical sciences ; blood chemistry ; Cattle ; Corn silage ; cow feeding ; Dairy cattle ; dairy cows ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; duodenal infusion ; duodenum ; Duodenum - metabolism ; essential amino acids ; Female ; Food industries ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; lactating dairy cow ; lactation ; Lactation - drug effects ; Lactation - metabolism ; Leu requirement ; leucine ; Leucine - administration & dosage ; Leucine - metabolism ; Life Sciences ; mammary gland function ; mammary glands ; Mammary Glands, Animal - drug effects ; Mammary Glands, Animal - metabolism ; mammary metabolism ; Milk ; Milk - chemistry ; Milk - secretion ; Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams ; milk fat percentage ; milk fat yield ; milk protein percentage ; milk protein yield ; milk proteins ; Milk Proteins - analysis ; milk yield ; nutrient requirements ; Nutritional Requirements ; Protein synthesis ; Random Allocation ; Terrestrial animal productions ; udders ; Urea ; Vertebrates ; Vitamins</subject><ispartof>Journal of dairy research, 2006-08, Vol.73 (3), p.328-339</ispartof><rights>Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2006</rights><rights>2006 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c496t-6592f34bb97ea980c9eb7fb406cd16263558ca1019154f6092a9c5c4538a35113</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022029906001841/type/journal_article$$EHTML$$P50$$Gcambridge$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>164,230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925,55628</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=17991372$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16569279$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02657117$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rulquin, Henri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pisulewski, Pawel M</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of graded levels of duodenal infusions of leucine on mammary uptake and output in lactating dairy cows</title><title>Journal of dairy research</title><addtitle>Journal of Dairy Research</addtitle><description>Four multiparous Holstein cows, each equipped with a duodenal cannula and an ultrasonic mammary blood flow probe, were assigned to a 4×4 Latin square to measure the effects of duodenal infusions of Leu (0, 40, 80 and 120 g/d) on lactational responses and mammary metabolism of nutrients. Cows were fed a diet of 67·0% corn silage, 5·3% grass hay, 14·2% peas, 7·8% maize starch, 1·0% each of molasses, urea, and sodium bicarbonate and 2·4% minerals and vitamins. Requirements of the remaining 9 essential amino acids were met by infusing into the duodenum 323 g/d of a mixture of amino acids including, Ile, Val, Met, Lys, Trp, Phe, His, Thr, Arg, Tyr and Glu. Milk protein content and yield were highest with 40 g/d of Leu and then progressively declined. Milk fat content and yield were significantly decreased over the entire range of Leu infusions. Arterial concentrations of Leu increased linearly and corresponding mammary arterio-venous differences increased to a plateau with 80 g/d of Leu. As Leu infusions increased, extraction rates of Leu decreased linearly, whereas those of Ile, Val, Lys, Arg, Thr and Tyr were significantly increased. Leu was taken up by the mammary gland according to milk output with 0 and 40 g/d of Leu infused and then largely in excess. Based on responses of protein yield and mammary uptake to milk output ratio, Leu concentration in total amino acids absorbed in the small intestine needs to be close to 8·9% for optimal milk protein synthesis.</description><subject>Agricultural sciences</subject><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Animal productions</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>application methods</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>blood chemistry</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Corn silage</subject><subject>cow feeding</subject><subject>Dairy cattle</subject><subject>dairy cows</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</subject><subject>duodenal infusion</subject><subject>duodenum</subject><subject>Duodenum - metabolism</subject><subject>essential amino acids</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Food industries</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>lactating dairy cow</subject><subject>lactation</subject><subject>Lactation - drug effects</subject><subject>Lactation - metabolism</subject><subject>Leu requirement</subject><subject>leucine</subject><subject>Leucine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Leucine - metabolism</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>mammary gland function</subject><subject>mammary glands</subject><subject>Mammary Glands, Animal - drug effects</subject><subject>Mammary Glands, Animal - metabolism</subject><subject>mammary metabolism</subject><subject>Milk</subject><subject>Milk - chemistry</subject><subject>Milk - secretion</subject><subject>Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams</subject><subject>milk fat percentage</subject><subject>milk fat yield</subject><subject>milk protein percentage</subject><subject>milk protein yield</subject><subject>milk proteins</subject><subject>Milk Proteins - analysis</subject><subject>milk yield</subject><subject>nutrient requirements</subject><subject>Nutritional Requirements</subject><subject>Protein synthesis</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>Terrestrial animal productions</subject><subject>udders</subject><subject>Urea</subject><subject>Vertebrates</subject><subject>Vitamins</subject><issn>0022-0299</issn><issn>1469-7629</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp10ktv1DAQAOAIgWgp_AAuYCGBxCHgt-NjVUqLtLxUerYmjr24TeLFTgr8e5zuqiuBOEWa-Wbi8biqnhL8hmCi3l5gTCmmWmOJMWk4uVcdEi51rSTV96vDJV0v-YPqUc5XxTCs5cPqgEghNVX6sBpPvXd2yih6tE7QuQ717sb1t4Fujp0boUdh9HMOcbyN9m62YXQojmiAYYD0G82bCa4dgrFDcZ4281QqUA92gimMa9RBKMjGn_lx9cBDn92T3feounx_-u3kvF59PvtwcryqLddyqqXQ1DPetlo50A222rXKtxxL2xFJJROisVDuQBPBvcSagrbCcsEaYIIQdlS93vb9Dr3ZpLCc0kQI5vx4ZZYYplIoQtTNYl9t7SbFH7PLkxlCtq7vYXRxzkY2UmHORIEv_oJXcU7lfrKhtMGMa74gskU2xZyT83e_J9gsWzP_bK3UPNs1ntvBdfuK3ZoKeLkDkC30PsFoQ947pTVhihZXb13Ik_t1l4d0baRiShh59tUQod-pLx8_GV788633EA2sU-l5eUGXZ4KVZEyzIthuHBjaFLq12w_9_4H-ALTzxDo</recordid><startdate>20060801</startdate><enddate>20060801</enddate><creator>Rulquin, Henri</creator><creator>Pisulewski, Pawel M</creator><general>Cambridge University Press</general><general>Cambridge University Press (CUP)</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>1XC</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20060801</creationdate><title>Effects of graded levels of duodenal infusions of leucine on mammary uptake and output in lactating dairy cows</title><author>Rulquin, Henri ; Pisulewski, Pawel M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c496t-6592f34bb97ea980c9eb7fb406cd16263558ca1019154f6092a9c5c4538a35113</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Agricultural sciences</topic><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Animal productions</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>application methods</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>blood chemistry</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>Corn silage</topic><topic>cow feeding</topic><topic>Dairy cattle</topic><topic>dairy cows</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</topic><topic>duodenal infusion</topic><topic>duodenum</topic><topic>Duodenum - metabolism</topic><topic>essential amino acids</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Food industries</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>lactating dairy cow</topic><topic>lactation</topic><topic>Lactation - drug effects</topic><topic>Lactation - metabolism</topic><topic>Leu requirement</topic><topic>leucine</topic><topic>Leucine - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Leucine - metabolism</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>mammary gland function</topic><topic>mammary glands</topic><topic>Mammary Glands, Animal - drug effects</topic><topic>Mammary Glands, Animal - metabolism</topic><topic>mammary metabolism</topic><topic>Milk</topic><topic>Milk - chemistry</topic><topic>Milk - secretion</topic><topic>Milk and cheese industries. 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Cows were fed a diet of 67·0% corn silage, 5·3% grass hay, 14·2% peas, 7·8% maize starch, 1·0% each of molasses, urea, and sodium bicarbonate and 2·4% minerals and vitamins. Requirements of the remaining 9 essential amino acids were met by infusing into the duodenum 323 g/d of a mixture of amino acids including, Ile, Val, Met, Lys, Trp, Phe, His, Thr, Arg, Tyr and Glu. Milk protein content and yield were highest with 40 g/d of Leu and then progressively declined. Milk fat content and yield were significantly decreased over the entire range of Leu infusions. Arterial concentrations of Leu increased linearly and corresponding mammary arterio-venous differences increased to a plateau with 80 g/d of Leu. As Leu infusions increased, extraction rates of Leu decreased linearly, whereas those of Ile, Val, Lys, Arg, Thr and Tyr were significantly increased. Leu was taken up by the mammary gland according to milk output with 0 and 40 g/d of Leu infused and then largely in excess. Based on responses of protein yield and mammary uptake to milk output ratio, Leu concentration in total amino acids absorbed in the small intestine needs to be close to 8·9% for optimal milk protein synthesis.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>16569279</pmid><doi>10.1017/S0022029906001841</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of dairy research, 2006-08, Vol.73 (3), p.328-339 |
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| subjects | Agricultural sciences Amino acids Animal productions Animals application methods Biological and medical sciences blood chemistry Cattle Corn silage cow feeding Dairy cattle dairy cows Dose-Response Relationship, Drug duodenal infusion duodenum Duodenum - metabolism essential amino acids Female Food industries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology lactating dairy cow lactation Lactation - drug effects Lactation - metabolism Leu requirement leucine Leucine - administration & dosage Leucine - metabolism Life Sciences mammary gland function mammary glands Mammary Glands, Animal - drug effects Mammary Glands, Animal - metabolism mammary metabolism Milk Milk - chemistry Milk - secretion Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams milk fat percentage milk fat yield milk protein percentage milk protein yield milk proteins Milk Proteins - analysis milk yield nutrient requirements Nutritional Requirements Protein synthesis Random Allocation Terrestrial animal productions udders Urea Vertebrates Vitamins |
| title | Effects of graded levels of duodenal infusions of leucine on mammary uptake and output in lactating dairy cows |
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