Using one filter stage of unsaturated/saturated vertical flow filters for nitrogen removal and footprint reduction of constructed wetlands
French vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCW) treating raw wastewater have been developed successfully over the last 30 years. Nevertheless, the two-stage VFCWs require a total filtration area of 2-2.5 m /P.E. Therefore, implementing a one-stage system in which treatment performances reach standa...
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| creator | Morvannou, Ania Troesch, Stéphane Esser, Dirk Forquet, Nicolas Petitjean, Alain Molle, Pascal |
| description | French vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCW) treating raw wastewater have been developed successfully over the last 30 years. Nevertheless, the two-stage VFCWs require a total filtration area of 2-2.5 m
/P.E. Therefore, implementing a one-stage system in which treatment performances reach standard requirements is of interest. Biho-Filter
is one of the solutions developed in France by Epur Nature. Biho-Filter
is a vertical flow system with an unsaturated layer at the top and a saturated layer at the bottom. The aim of this study was to assess this new configuration and to optimize its design and operating conditions. The hydraulic functioning and pollutant removal efficiency of three different Biho-Filter
plants commissioned between 2011 and 2012 were studied. Outlet concentrations of the most efficient Biho-Filter
configuration are 70 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 15 mg/L and 25 mg/L for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD
), total suspended solids (TSS) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), respectively. Up to 60% of total nitrogen is removed. Nitrification efficiency is mainly influenced by the height of the unsaturated zone and the recirculation rate. The optimum recirculation rate was found to be 100%. Denitrification in the saturated zone works at best with an influent COD/NO
-N ratio at the inflet of this zone larger than 2 and a hydraulic retention time longer than 0.75 days. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2166/wst.2017.115 |
| format | Article |
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/P.E. Therefore, implementing a one-stage system in which treatment performances reach standard requirements is of interest. Biho-Filter
is one of the solutions developed in France by Epur Nature. Biho-Filter
is a vertical flow system with an unsaturated layer at the top and a saturated layer at the bottom. The aim of this study was to assess this new configuration and to optimize its design and operating conditions. The hydraulic functioning and pollutant removal efficiency of three different Biho-Filter
plants commissioned between 2011 and 2012 were studied. Outlet concentrations of the most efficient Biho-Filter
configuration are 70 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 15 mg/L and 25 mg/L for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD
), total suspended solids (TSS) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), respectively. Up to 60% of total nitrogen is removed. Nitrification efficiency is mainly influenced by the height of the unsaturated zone and the recirculation rate. The optimum recirculation rate was found to be 100%. Denitrification in the saturated zone works at best with an influent COD/NO
-N ratio at the inflet of this zone larger than 2 and a hydraulic retention time longer than 0.75 days.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0273-1223</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-9732</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.115</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28708617</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: IWA Publishing</publisher><subject>Aeration zone ; Artificial wetlands ; Biochemical oxygen demand ; Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis ; Chemical oxygen demand ; Denitrification ; Design optimization ; Engineering ; Environmental Sciences ; Filtration - instrumentation ; Filtration - methods ; Flow system ; Fluid filters ; France ; Hydraulic retention time ; Hydraulics ; Influents ; International conferences ; Nitrification ; Nitrogen ; Nitrogen - chemistry ; Nitrogen removal ; Oxygen demand ; Plants (botany) ; Pollutant removal ; Raw wastewater ; Removal ; Retention time ; Saturated flow ; Solutions ; Suspended particulate matter ; Total oxygen demand ; Total suspended solids ; Unsaturated flow ; Vertical flow ; Vertical mixing ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; Waste Water - chemistry ; Wastewater ; Wastewater treatment ; Water Purification - instrumentation ; Water Purification - methods ; Wetlands</subject><ispartof>Water science and technology, 2017-07, Vol.76 (1-2), p.124-133</ispartof><rights>Copyright IWA Publishing Jul 2017</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c391t-fd5ce308c6538bdf6d225f46fee23c08a4c9b9b377fe273161ec68a84a4d29213</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c391t-fd5ce308c6538bdf6d225f46fee23c08a4c9b9b377fe273161ec68a84a4d29213</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3364-6118 ; 0000-0003-1154-5498</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28708617$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02606812$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Morvannou, Ania</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Troesch, Stéphane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Esser, Dirk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Forquet, Nicolas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petitjean, Alain</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Molle, Pascal</creatorcontrib><title>Using one filter stage of unsaturated/saturated vertical flow filters for nitrogen removal and footprint reduction of constructed wetlands</title><title>Water science and technology</title><addtitle>Water Sci Technol</addtitle><description>French vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCW) treating raw wastewater have been developed successfully over the last 30 years. Nevertheless, the two-stage VFCWs require a total filtration area of 2-2.5 m
/P.E. Therefore, implementing a one-stage system in which treatment performances reach standard requirements is of interest. Biho-Filter
is one of the solutions developed in France by Epur Nature. Biho-Filter
is a vertical flow system with an unsaturated layer at the top and a saturated layer at the bottom. The aim of this study was to assess this new configuration and to optimize its design and operating conditions. The hydraulic functioning and pollutant removal efficiency of three different Biho-Filter
plants commissioned between 2011 and 2012 were studied. Outlet concentrations of the most efficient Biho-Filter
configuration are 70 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 15 mg/L and 25 mg/L for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD
), total suspended solids (TSS) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), respectively. Up to 60% of total nitrogen is removed. Nitrification efficiency is mainly influenced by the height of the unsaturated zone and the recirculation rate. The optimum recirculation rate was found to be 100%. Denitrification in the saturated zone works at best with an influent COD/NO
-N ratio at the inflet of this zone larger than 2 and a hydraulic retention time longer than 0.75 days.</description><subject>Aeration zone</subject><subject>Artificial wetlands</subject><subject>Biochemical oxygen demand</subject><subject>Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis</subject><subject>Chemical oxygen demand</subject><subject>Denitrification</subject><subject>Design optimization</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Filtration - instrumentation</subject><subject>Filtration - methods</subject><subject>Flow system</subject><subject>Fluid filters</subject><subject>France</subject><subject>Hydraulic retention time</subject><subject>Hydraulics</subject><subject>Influents</subject><subject>International conferences</subject><subject>Nitrification</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Nitrogen - chemistry</subject><subject>Nitrogen removal</subject><subject>Oxygen demand</subject><subject>Plants (botany)</subject><subject>Pollutant removal</subject><subject>Raw wastewater</subject><subject>Removal</subject><subject>Retention time</subject><subject>Saturated flow</subject><subject>Solutions</subject><subject>Suspended particulate matter</subject><subject>Total oxygen demand</subject><subject>Total suspended solids</subject><subject>Unsaturated flow</subject><subject>Vertical flow</subject><subject>Vertical mixing</subject><subject>Waste Disposal, Fluid</subject><subject>Waste Water - 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Academic</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><jtitle>Water science and technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Morvannou, Ania</au><au>Troesch, Stéphane</au><au>Esser, Dirk</au><au>Forquet, Nicolas</au><au>Petitjean, Alain</au><au>Molle, Pascal</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Using one filter stage of unsaturated/saturated vertical flow filters for nitrogen removal and footprint reduction of constructed wetlands</atitle><jtitle>Water science and technology</jtitle><addtitle>Water Sci Technol</addtitle><date>2017-07-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>76</volume><issue>1-2</issue><spage>124</spage><epage>133</epage><pages>124-133</pages><issn>0273-1223</issn><eissn>1996-9732</eissn><abstract>French vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCW) treating raw wastewater have been developed successfully over the last 30 years. Nevertheless, the two-stage VFCWs require a total filtration area of 2-2.5 m
/P.E. Therefore, implementing a one-stage system in which treatment performances reach standard requirements is of interest. Biho-Filter
is one of the solutions developed in France by Epur Nature. Biho-Filter
is a vertical flow system with an unsaturated layer at the top and a saturated layer at the bottom. The aim of this study was to assess this new configuration and to optimize its design and operating conditions. The hydraulic functioning and pollutant removal efficiency of three different Biho-Filter
plants commissioned between 2011 and 2012 were studied. Outlet concentrations of the most efficient Biho-Filter
configuration are 70 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 15 mg/L and 25 mg/L for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD
), total suspended solids (TSS) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), respectively. Up to 60% of total nitrogen is removed. Nitrification efficiency is mainly influenced by the height of the unsaturated zone and the recirculation rate. The optimum recirculation rate was found to be 100%. Denitrification in the saturated zone works at best with an influent COD/NO
-N ratio at the inflet of this zone larger than 2 and a hydraulic retention time longer than 0.75 days.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>IWA Publishing</pub><pmid>28708617</pmid><doi>10.2166/wst.2017.115</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3364-6118</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1154-5498</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Water science and technology, 2017-07, Vol.76 (1-2), p.124-133 |
| issn | 0273-1223 1996-9732 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals |
| subjects | Aeration zone Artificial wetlands Biochemical oxygen demand Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis Chemical oxygen demand Denitrification Design optimization Engineering Environmental Sciences Filtration - instrumentation Filtration - methods Flow system Fluid filters France Hydraulic retention time Hydraulics Influents International conferences Nitrification Nitrogen Nitrogen - chemistry Nitrogen removal Oxygen demand Plants (botany) Pollutant removal Raw wastewater Removal Retention time Saturated flow Solutions Suspended particulate matter Total oxygen demand Total suspended solids Unsaturated flow Vertical flow Vertical mixing Waste Disposal, Fluid Waste Water - chemistry Wastewater Wastewater treatment Water Purification - instrumentation Water Purification - methods Wetlands |
| title | Using one filter stage of unsaturated/saturated vertical flow filters for nitrogen removal and footprint reduction of constructed wetlands |
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