The Curious Case of PHL 293B: A Long-lived Transient in a Metal-poor Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy
We report on small-amplitude optical variability and recent dissipation of the unusually persistent broad emission lines in the blue compact dwarf galaxy PHL 293B. The galaxy's unusual spectral features (P Cygni-like profiles with ∼800 km s−1 blueshifted absorption lines) have resulted in confl...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Astrophysical journal. Letters 2020-05, Vol.894 (1), p.L5 |
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| creator | Burke, Colin J. Baldassare, Vivienne F. Liu, Xin Foley, Ryan J. Shen, Yue Palmese, Antonella Guo, Hengxiao Herner, Kenneth Abbott, Tim M. C. Aguena, Michel Allam, Sahar Avila, Santiago Bertin, Emmanuel Brooks, David Carnero Rosell, Aurelio Carrasco Kind, Matias Carretero, Jorge da Costa, Luiz N. De Vicente, Juan Desai, Shantanu Doel, Peter Eifler, Tim F. Everett, Spencer Frieman, Josh García-Bellido, Juan Gaztanaga, Enrique Gruen, Daniel Gruendl, Robert A. Gschwend, Julia Gutierrez, Gaston Hollowood, Devon L. Honscheid, Klaus James, David J. Krause, Elisabeth Kuehn, Kyler Maia, Marcio A. G. Menanteau, Felipe Miquel, Ramon Paz-Chinchón, Francisco Plazas, Andrés A. Sanchez, Eusebio Santiago, Basilio Scarpine, Vic Serrano, Santiago Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignacio Smith, Mathew Soares-Santos, Marcelle Suchyta, Eric Swanson, Molly E. C. Tarle, Gregory Tucker, Douglas L. Varga, Tamas Norbert Walker, Alistair R. |
| description | We report on small-amplitude optical variability and recent dissipation of the unusually persistent broad emission lines in the blue compact dwarf galaxy PHL 293B. The galaxy's unusual spectral features (P Cygni-like profiles with ∼800 km s−1 blueshifted absorption lines) have resulted in conflicting interpretations of the nature of this source in the literature. However, analysis of new Gemini spectroscopy reveals the broad emission has begun to fade after being persistent for over a decade prior. Precise difference imaging light curves constructed with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Dark Energy Survey reveal small-amplitude optical variability of ∼0.1 mag in the g band offset by 100 21 pc from the brightest pixel of the host. The light curve is well-described by an active galactic nuclei (AGN)-like damped random walk process. However, we conclude that the origin of the optical variability and spectral features of PHL 293B is due to a long-lived stellar transient, likely a Type IIn supernova or nonterminal outburst, mimicking long-term AGN-like variability. This work highlights the challenges of discriminating between scenarios in such extreme environments, relevant to searches for AGNs in dwarf galaxies. This is the second long-lived transient discovered in a blue compact dwarf, after SDSS1133. Our result implies such long-lived stellar transients may be more common in metal-deficient galaxies. Systematic searches for low-level variability in dwarf galaxies will be possible with the upcoming Legacy Survey of Space and Time at the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3847/2041-8213/ab88de |
| format | Article |
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C. ; Aguena, Michel ; Allam, Sahar ; Avila, Santiago ; Bertin, Emmanuel ; Brooks, David ; Carnero Rosell, Aurelio ; Carrasco Kind, Matias ; Carretero, Jorge ; da Costa, Luiz N. ; De Vicente, Juan ; Desai, Shantanu ; Doel, Peter ; Eifler, Tim F. ; Everett, Spencer ; Frieman, Josh ; García-Bellido, Juan ; Gaztanaga, Enrique ; Gruen, Daniel ; Gruendl, Robert A. ; Gschwend, Julia ; Gutierrez, Gaston ; Hollowood, Devon L. ; Honscheid, Klaus ; James, David J. ; Krause, Elisabeth ; Kuehn, Kyler ; Maia, Marcio A. G. ; Menanteau, Felipe ; Miquel, Ramon ; Paz-Chinchón, Francisco ; Plazas, Andrés A. ; Sanchez, Eusebio ; Santiago, Basilio ; Scarpine, Vic ; Serrano, Santiago ; Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignacio ; Smith, Mathew ; Soares-Santos, Marcelle ; Suchyta, Eric ; Swanson, Molly E. C. ; Tarle, Gregory ; Tucker, Douglas L. ; Varga, Tamas Norbert ; Walker, Alistair R.</creator><creatorcontrib>Burke, Colin J. ; Baldassare, Vivienne F. ; Liu, Xin ; Foley, Ryan J. ; Shen, Yue ; Palmese, Antonella ; Guo, Hengxiao ; Herner, Kenneth ; Abbott, Tim M. C. ; Aguena, Michel ; Allam, Sahar ; Avila, Santiago ; Bertin, Emmanuel ; Brooks, David ; Carnero Rosell, Aurelio ; Carrasco Kind, Matias ; Carretero, Jorge ; da Costa, Luiz N. ; De Vicente, Juan ; Desai, Shantanu ; Doel, Peter ; Eifler, Tim F. ; Everett, Spencer ; Frieman, Josh ; García-Bellido, Juan ; Gaztanaga, Enrique ; Gruen, Daniel ; Gruendl, Robert A. ; Gschwend, Julia ; Gutierrez, Gaston ; Hollowood, Devon L. ; Honscheid, Klaus ; James, David J. ; Krause, Elisabeth ; Kuehn, Kyler ; Maia, Marcio A. G. ; Menanteau, Felipe ; Miquel, Ramon ; Paz-Chinchón, Francisco ; Plazas, Andrés A. ; Sanchez, Eusebio ; Santiago, Basilio ; Scarpine, Vic ; Serrano, Santiago ; Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignacio ; Smith, Mathew ; Soares-Santos, Marcelle ; Suchyta, Eric ; Swanson, Molly E. C. ; Tarle, Gregory ; Tucker, Douglas L. ; Varga, Tamas Norbert ; Walker, Alistair R. ; DES Collaboration ; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States) ; Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States) ; Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)</creatorcontrib><description>We report on small-amplitude optical variability and recent dissipation of the unusually persistent broad emission lines in the blue compact dwarf galaxy PHL 293B. The galaxy's unusual spectral features (P Cygni-like profiles with ∼800 km s−1 blueshifted absorption lines) have resulted in conflicting interpretations of the nature of this source in the literature. However, analysis of new Gemini spectroscopy reveals the broad emission has begun to fade after being persistent for over a decade prior. Precise difference imaging light curves constructed with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Dark Energy Survey reveal small-amplitude optical variability of ∼0.1 mag in the g band offset by 100 21 pc from the brightest pixel of the host. The light curve is well-described by an active galactic nuclei (AGN)-like damped random walk process. However, we conclude that the origin of the optical variability and spectral features of PHL 293B is due to a long-lived stellar transient, likely a Type IIn supernova or nonterminal outburst, mimicking long-term AGN-like variability. This work highlights the challenges of discriminating between scenarios in such extreme environments, relevant to searches for AGNs in dwarf galaxies. This is the second long-lived transient discovered in a blue compact dwarf, after SDSS1133. Our result implies such long-lived stellar transients may be more common in metal-deficient galaxies. Systematic searches for low-level variability in dwarf galaxies will be possible with the upcoming Legacy Survey of Space and Time at the Vera C. Rubin Observatory.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2041-8205</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2041-8213</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2041-8213</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab88de</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Austin: The American Astronomical Society</publisher><subject>Active galactic nuclei ; Amplitudes ; ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS ; Astrophysics ; Blue compact dwarf galaxies ; Compact galaxies ; Dark energy ; Digital imaging ; Dwarf galaxies ; Emission analysis ; Emission lines ; Energy dissipation ; Extreme environments ; Galaxies ; Light curve ; Luminous blue variable stars ; Physics ; Random walk ; Searching ; Sky surveys (astronomy) ; Spectroscopy ; Stars & galaxies ; Supernova ; Transient detection ; Type II supernovae ; Variability</subject><ispartof>Astrophysical journal. Letters, 2020-05, Vol.894 (1), p.L5</ispartof><rights>2020. The American Astronomical Society. 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C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aguena, Michel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allam, Sahar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Avila, Santiago</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bertin, Emmanuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brooks, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carnero Rosell, Aurelio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carrasco Kind, Matias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carretero, Jorge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Costa, Luiz N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Vicente, Juan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Desai, Shantanu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doel, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eifler, Tim F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Everett, Spencer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frieman, Josh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>García-Bellido, Juan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gaztanaga, Enrique</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gruen, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gruendl, Robert A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gschwend, Julia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gutierrez, Gaston</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hollowood, Devon L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Honscheid, Klaus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>James, David J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krause, Elisabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuehn, Kyler</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maia, Marcio A. G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Menanteau, Felipe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miquel, Ramon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paz-Chinchón, Francisco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Plazas, Andrés A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanchez, Eusebio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santiago, Basilio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scarpine, Vic</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Serrano, Santiago</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignacio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Mathew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soares-Santos, Marcelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suchyta, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Swanson, Molly E. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tarle, Gregory</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tucker, Douglas L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Varga, Tamas Norbert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walker, Alistair R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DES Collaboration</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)</creatorcontrib><title>The Curious Case of PHL 293B: A Long-lived Transient in a Metal-poor Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy</title><title>Astrophysical journal. Letters</title><addtitle>APJL</addtitle><addtitle>Astrophys. J. Lett</addtitle><description>We report on small-amplitude optical variability and recent dissipation of the unusually persistent broad emission lines in the blue compact dwarf galaxy PHL 293B. The galaxy's unusual spectral features (P Cygni-like profiles with ∼800 km s−1 blueshifted absorption lines) have resulted in conflicting interpretations of the nature of this source in the literature. However, analysis of new Gemini spectroscopy reveals the broad emission has begun to fade after being persistent for over a decade prior. Precise difference imaging light curves constructed with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Dark Energy Survey reveal small-amplitude optical variability of ∼0.1 mag in the g band offset by 100 21 pc from the brightest pixel of the host. The light curve is well-described by an active galactic nuclei (AGN)-like damped random walk process. However, we conclude that the origin of the optical variability and spectral features of PHL 293B is due to a long-lived stellar transient, likely a Type IIn supernova or nonterminal outburst, mimicking long-term AGN-like variability. This work highlights the challenges of discriminating between scenarios in such extreme environments, relevant to searches for AGNs in dwarf galaxies. This is the second long-lived transient discovered in a blue compact dwarf, after SDSS1133. Our result implies such long-lived stellar transients may be more common in metal-deficient galaxies. Systematic searches for low-level variability in dwarf galaxies will be possible with the upcoming Legacy Survey of Space and Time at the Vera C. Rubin Observatory.</description><subject>Active galactic nuclei</subject><subject>Amplitudes</subject><subject>ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS</subject><subject>Astrophysics</subject><subject>Blue compact dwarf galaxies</subject><subject>Compact galaxies</subject><subject>Dark energy</subject><subject>Digital imaging</subject><subject>Dwarf galaxies</subject><subject>Emission analysis</subject><subject>Emission lines</subject><subject>Energy dissipation</subject><subject>Extreme environments</subject><subject>Galaxies</subject><subject>Light curve</subject><subject>Luminous blue variable stars</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Random walk</subject><subject>Searching</subject><subject>Sky surveys (astronomy)</subject><subject>Spectroscopy</subject><subject>Stars & galaxies</subject><subject>Supernova</subject><subject>Transient detection</subject><subject>Type II supernovae</subject><subject>Variability</subject><issn>2041-8205</issn><issn>2041-8213</issn><issn>2041-8213</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kc1v1DAQxSMEEqX03qMF4lCJUNtx_MFtu7RdpFTlsFxree0x61Uap3ZS2v--WQUtF8RpRk-_96SZVxSnBH-pJBPnFDNSSkqqc7OR0sGr4uggvT7suH5bvMt5hzHFnMij4m69BbQcU4hjRkuTAUWPfqwaRFV18RUtUBO7X2UbHsGhdTJdDtANKHTIoBsYTFv2MSZ00Y5TSrzvjR3Qt98meXRtWvP0_L54402b4eTPPC5-Xl2ul6uyub3-vlw0pWWMDKWQXBALApQgTCkPToD0kmw8cVhx6ghs3EYQb62rnLJUUBAVM4wosMzw6rj4MOfGPASdbRjAbm3sOrCDJhzzmtMJOpuhrWl1n8K9Sc86mqBXi0bvNUxrgmvJH8nEfpzZPsWHEfKgd3FM3XSDppWStFZcqYnCM2VTzDmBP8QSrPe16P3f9b4DPdcyWT7PlhD7v5n_wT_9Azf9rtVSMU10U-ve-eoFN8uX1w</recordid><startdate>20200501</startdate><enddate>20200501</enddate><creator>Burke, Colin J.</creator><creator>Baldassare, Vivienne F.</creator><creator>Liu, Xin</creator><creator>Foley, Ryan J.</creator><creator>Shen, Yue</creator><creator>Palmese, Antonella</creator><creator>Guo, Hengxiao</creator><creator>Herner, Kenneth</creator><creator>Abbott, Tim M. 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C. ; Aguena, Michel ; Allam, Sahar ; Avila, Santiago ; Bertin, Emmanuel ; Brooks, David ; Carnero Rosell, Aurelio ; Carrasco Kind, Matias ; Carretero, Jorge ; da Costa, Luiz N. ; De Vicente, Juan ; Desai, Shantanu ; Doel, Peter ; Eifler, Tim F. ; Everett, Spencer ; Frieman, Josh ; García-Bellido, Juan ; Gaztanaga, Enrique ; Gruen, Daniel ; Gruendl, Robert A. ; Gschwend, Julia ; Gutierrez, Gaston ; Hollowood, Devon L. ; Honscheid, Klaus ; James, David J. ; Krause, Elisabeth ; Kuehn, Kyler ; Maia, Marcio A. G. ; Menanteau, Felipe ; Miquel, Ramon ; Paz-Chinchón, Francisco ; Plazas, Andrés A. ; Sanchez, Eusebio ; Santiago, Basilio ; Scarpine, Vic ; Serrano, Santiago ; Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignacio ; Smith, Mathew ; Soares-Santos, Marcelle ; Suchyta, Eric ; Swanson, Molly E. C. ; Tarle, Gregory ; Tucker, Douglas L. ; Varga, Tamas Norbert ; Walker, Alistair R.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-78671ce7e971499fed7e8f81bf1d0962d1ebdb71fccd3d9c272e734a419ec4a63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Active galactic nuclei</topic><topic>Amplitudes</topic><topic>ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS</topic><topic>Astrophysics</topic><topic>Blue compact dwarf galaxies</topic><topic>Compact galaxies</topic><topic>Dark energy</topic><topic>Digital imaging</topic><topic>Dwarf galaxies</topic><topic>Emission analysis</topic><topic>Emission lines</topic><topic>Energy dissipation</topic><topic>Extreme environments</topic><topic>Galaxies</topic><topic>Light curve</topic><topic>Luminous blue variable stars</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>Random walk</topic><topic>Searching</topic><topic>Sky surveys (astronomy)</topic><topic>Spectroscopy</topic><topic>Stars & galaxies</topic><topic>Supernova</topic><topic>Transient detection</topic><topic>Type II supernovae</topic><topic>Variability</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Burke, Colin J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baldassare, Vivienne F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foley, Ryan J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shen, Yue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Palmese, Antonella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guo, Hengxiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herner, Kenneth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abbott, Tim M. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aguena, Michel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allam, Sahar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Avila, Santiago</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bertin, Emmanuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brooks, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carnero Rosell, Aurelio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carrasco Kind, Matias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carretero, Jorge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Costa, Luiz N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Vicente, Juan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Desai, Shantanu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doel, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eifler, Tim F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Everett, Spencer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frieman, Josh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>García-Bellido, Juan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gaztanaga, Enrique</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gruen, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gruendl, Robert A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gschwend, Julia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gutierrez, Gaston</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hollowood, Devon L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Honscheid, Klaus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>James, David J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krause, Elisabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuehn, Kyler</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maia, Marcio A. G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Menanteau, Felipe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miquel, Ramon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paz-Chinchón, Francisco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Plazas, Andrés A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanchez, Eusebio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santiago, Basilio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scarpine, Vic</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Serrano, Santiago</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignacio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Mathew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soares-Santos, Marcelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suchyta, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Swanson, Molly E. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tarle, Gregory</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tucker, Douglas L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Varga, Tamas Norbert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walker, Alistair R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DES Collaboration</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV - Hybrid</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Astrophysical journal. Letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Burke, Colin J.</au><au>Baldassare, Vivienne F.</au><au>Liu, Xin</au><au>Foley, Ryan J.</au><au>Shen, Yue</au><au>Palmese, Antonella</au><au>Guo, Hengxiao</au><au>Herner, Kenneth</au><au>Abbott, Tim M. C.</au><au>Aguena, Michel</au><au>Allam, Sahar</au><au>Avila, Santiago</au><au>Bertin, Emmanuel</au><au>Brooks, David</au><au>Carnero Rosell, Aurelio</au><au>Carrasco Kind, Matias</au><au>Carretero, Jorge</au><au>da Costa, Luiz N.</au><au>De Vicente, Juan</au><au>Desai, Shantanu</au><au>Doel, Peter</au><au>Eifler, Tim F.</au><au>Everett, Spencer</au><au>Frieman, Josh</au><au>García-Bellido, Juan</au><au>Gaztanaga, Enrique</au><au>Gruen, Daniel</au><au>Gruendl, Robert A.</au><au>Gschwend, Julia</au><au>Gutierrez, Gaston</au><au>Hollowood, Devon L.</au><au>Honscheid, Klaus</au><au>James, David J.</au><au>Krause, Elisabeth</au><au>Kuehn, Kyler</au><au>Maia, Marcio A. G.</au><au>Menanteau, Felipe</au><au>Miquel, Ramon</au><au>Paz-Chinchón, Francisco</au><au>Plazas, Andrés A.</au><au>Sanchez, Eusebio</au><au>Santiago, Basilio</au><au>Scarpine, Vic</au><au>Serrano, Santiago</au><au>Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignacio</au><au>Smith, Mathew</au><au>Soares-Santos, Marcelle</au><au>Suchyta, Eric</au><au>Swanson, Molly E. C.</au><au>Tarle, Gregory</au><au>Tucker, Douglas L.</au><au>Varga, Tamas Norbert</au><au>Walker, Alistair R.</au><aucorp>DES Collaboration</aucorp><aucorp>SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)</aucorp><aucorp>Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)</aucorp><aucorp>Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Curious Case of PHL 293B: A Long-lived Transient in a Metal-poor Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy</atitle><jtitle>Astrophysical journal. Letters</jtitle><stitle>APJL</stitle><addtitle>Astrophys. J. Lett</addtitle><date>2020-05-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>894</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>L5</spage><pages>L5-</pages><issn>2041-8205</issn><issn>2041-8213</issn><eissn>2041-8213</eissn><abstract>We report on small-amplitude optical variability and recent dissipation of the unusually persistent broad emission lines in the blue compact dwarf galaxy PHL 293B. The galaxy's unusual spectral features (P Cygni-like profiles with ∼800 km s−1 blueshifted absorption lines) have resulted in conflicting interpretations of the nature of this source in the literature. However, analysis of new Gemini spectroscopy reveals the broad emission has begun to fade after being persistent for over a decade prior. Precise difference imaging light curves constructed with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Dark Energy Survey reveal small-amplitude optical variability of ∼0.1 mag in the g band offset by 100 21 pc from the brightest pixel of the host. The light curve is well-described by an active galactic nuclei (AGN)-like damped random walk process. However, we conclude that the origin of the optical variability and spectral features of PHL 293B is due to a long-lived stellar transient, likely a Type IIn supernova or nonterminal outburst, mimicking long-term AGN-like variability. This work highlights the challenges of discriminating between scenarios in such extreme environments, relevant to searches for AGNs in dwarf galaxies. This is the second long-lived transient discovered in a blue compact dwarf, after SDSS1133. Our result implies such long-lived stellar transients may be more common in metal-deficient galaxies. Systematic searches for low-level variability in dwarf galaxies will be possible with the upcoming Legacy Survey of Space and Time at the Vera C. Rubin Observatory.</abstract><cop>Austin</cop><pub>The American Astronomical Society</pub><doi>10.3847/2041-8213/ab88de</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1488-8552</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0120-0808</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7123-8943</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9646-8198</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3270-7644</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-8529</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0049-5210</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-8360</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4588-6517</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8416-7059</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4703-7276</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-4157</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9947-6911</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1659-7035</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6610-4836</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4802-3194</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8458-5047</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6011-0530</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1704-0781</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3256-2940</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000300495210</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000332707644</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000214888552</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000301200808</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000284585047</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000245886517</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000347037276</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000296468198</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000184167059</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000248023194</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000293708360</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000271238943</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000160828529</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000260110530</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000199476911</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000266104836</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000293694157</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000317040781</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000316597035</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| identifier | ISSN: 2041-8205 |
| ispartof | Astrophysical journal. Letters, 2020-05, Vol.894 (1), p.L5 |
| issn | 2041-8205 2041-8213 2041-8213 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_02510586v1 |
| source | Open Access: IOP Publishing Free Content |
| subjects | Active galactic nuclei Amplitudes ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS Astrophysics Blue compact dwarf galaxies Compact galaxies Dark energy Digital imaging Dwarf galaxies Emission analysis Emission lines Energy dissipation Extreme environments Galaxies Light curve Luminous blue variable stars Physics Random walk Searching Sky surveys (astronomy) Spectroscopy Stars & galaxies Supernova Transient detection Type II supernovae Variability |
| title | The Curious Case of PHL 293B: A Long-lived Transient in a Metal-poor Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy |
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