Late infective endocarditis after transcatheter tricuspid valve-in-valve implantation: A pediatric case report

In patients with congenital heart diseases, new procedures, such as transcatheter valve replacement, have been associated with a non-negligible incidence of infective endocarditis (IE): up to 4% patient–year IE incidence. Prosthetic IE after percutaneous tricuspid valve replacement (PTVR) has been scarcely reported. We report the first pediatric case of IE after percutaneous tricuspid Melody™ valve-in-valve implantation in a boy who was diagnosed with Eisenmenger syndrome, related to patent ductus arteriosus. This first pediatric case of late IE (4 years) after PTVR is added to eight previously reported cases of IE from the valve-in-valve international database registry (VIVID registry).