Geochemical Footprint of Megacities on River Sediments: A Case Study of the Fourth Most Populous Area in India, Chennai
An intensive surface sediment survey was carried out over 24 locations from the upstream to downstream sections of two large rivers (Adyar and Cooum) in Chennai (India) during the February dry season of 2015. Trace element concentrations were assessed on a
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Minerals (Basel) 2019-01, Vol.9 (11), p.688 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 11 |
| container_start_page | 688 |
| container_title | Minerals (Basel) |
| container_volume | 9 |
| creator | Saravanan, Sukkampatti Palanisamy Desmet, Marc Neelakanta Pillai Kanniperumal, Ambujam Ramasamy, Saravanan Shumskikh, Nikita Grosbois, Cécile |
| description | An intensive surface sediment survey was carried out over 24 locations from the upstream to downstream sections of two large rivers (Adyar and Cooum) in Chennai (India) during the February dry season of 2015. Trace element concentrations were assessed on a |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/min9110688 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_hal_p</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_02377277v1</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2550210835</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-a352t-2767649ce81b1a233218accbefca08aa018276e691a4514c7bef594588bf5bcd3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpNkU1LAzEQhhdRsNRe_AUBT4rVfDS7WW-l2A9oUayCt2WazropbVI32Ur_vSkVdS4zzDzzMi-TJJeM3gmR0_uNsTljNFXqJGlxmskuS8X76b_6POl4v6IxciaU5K3ka4ROV7gxGtZk6FzY1sYG4koyww_QJhj0xFnyYnZYkzkuzQZt8A-kTwbgkcxDs9wf8FBh3G_qUJGZ84E8u22zdo0n_RqBGEsmdmnglgwqtBbMRXJWwtpj5ye3k7fh4-tg3J0-jSaD_rQLQvLQ5Vmapb1co2ILBlwIzhRovcBSA1UAlKmIYJoz6EnW01mcyLwnlVqUcqGXop1cH3UrWBfR2wbqfeHAFOP-tDj0KBdZxrNsxyJ7dWS3tfts0IdiFQ3ZeF7BpaScUSVkpG6OlK6d9zWWv7KMFoc_FH9_EN-2w3mI</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2550210835</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Geochemical Footprint of Megacities on River Sediments: A Case Study of the Fourth Most Populous Area in India, Chennai</title><source>MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Saravanan, Sukkampatti Palanisamy ; Desmet, Marc ; Neelakanta Pillai Kanniperumal, Ambujam ; Ramasamy, Saravanan ; Shumskikh, Nikita ; Grosbois, Cécile</creator><creatorcontrib>Saravanan, Sukkampatti Palanisamy ; Desmet, Marc ; Neelakanta Pillai Kanniperumal, Ambujam ; Ramasamy, Saravanan ; Shumskikh, Nikita ; Grosbois, Cécile</creatorcontrib><description>An intensive surface sediment survey was carried out over 24 locations from the upstream to downstream sections of two large rivers (Adyar and Cooum) in Chennai (India) during the February dry season of 2015. Trace element concentrations were assessed on a <63 µm fraction using the Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) and the newly proposed Geochemical Urban Footprint Index (GUFI), which can be performed to determine the pollution status of any megacity river influenced by urban development. The sediment quality of Chennai’s rivers was also compared to worldwide megacity pollution using sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), and a new megacity pollution ranking was determined. The Igeo results indicate that the Chennai rivers studied are strongly to extremely polluted regarding trace element content of sediment. Silver (Ag), Cadmium (Cd) and Mercury (Hg) are the most significant tracers of urban contamination. Chromium (Cr) concentrations show an industrial contamination gradient in relation to levels of other trace elements (As, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) at the Chennai megacity scale. The GUFI ranges from moderate to extreme contamination, particularly in the downstream stretches of the two rivers. This spatial trend is related to various point sources and identified at specific sampling stations, with a lack of identifiable buffer zones. According to the worldwide comparison of megacity pollution, Chennai is ranked in fifth position. The present position can be attributed to a number of explanations: a population explosion associated with the unplanned growth of the city and non-controlled point sources of pollution in Chennai’s waterways.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2075-163X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2075-163X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/min9110688</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Buffer zones ; Cadmium ; Canals ; Chromium ; Contamination ; Downstream ; Dry season ; Environmental Sciences ; Floods ; Fluvial sediments ; Footprints ; Geochemistry ; Global Changes ; Heavy metals ; Industrial pollution ; Industrial wastes ; Megacities ; Mercury ; Metropolitan areas ; Point source pollution ; Pollution ; Pollution sources ; Population ; Population number ; Rivers ; Sediment ; Sediments ; Silver ; Surface water ; Surveying ; Trace elements ; Tracers ; Urban development ; Urbanization ; Waterways ; Wind ; Zinc</subject><ispartof>Minerals (Basel), 2019-01, Vol.9 (11), p.688</ispartof><rights>2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a352t-2767649ce81b1a233218accbefca08aa018276e691a4514c7bef594588bf5bcd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a352t-2767649ce81b1a233218accbefca08aa018276e691a4514c7bef594588bf5bcd3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-1605-7856 ; 0000-0001-8897-3154 ; 0000-0002-6280-0201 ; 0000-0002-7580-1406</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27922,27923</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-02377277$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Saravanan, Sukkampatti Palanisamy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Desmet, Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neelakanta Pillai Kanniperumal, Ambujam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ramasamy, Saravanan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shumskikh, Nikita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grosbois, Cécile</creatorcontrib><title>Geochemical Footprint of Megacities on River Sediments: A Case Study of the Fourth Most Populous Area in India, Chennai</title><title>Minerals (Basel)</title><description>An intensive surface sediment survey was carried out over 24 locations from the upstream to downstream sections of two large rivers (Adyar and Cooum) in Chennai (India) during the February dry season of 2015. Trace element concentrations were assessed on a <63 µm fraction using the Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) and the newly proposed Geochemical Urban Footprint Index (GUFI), which can be performed to determine the pollution status of any megacity river influenced by urban development. The sediment quality of Chennai’s rivers was also compared to worldwide megacity pollution using sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), and a new megacity pollution ranking was determined. The Igeo results indicate that the Chennai rivers studied are strongly to extremely polluted regarding trace element content of sediment. Silver (Ag), Cadmium (Cd) and Mercury (Hg) are the most significant tracers of urban contamination. Chromium (Cr) concentrations show an industrial contamination gradient in relation to levels of other trace elements (As, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) at the Chennai megacity scale. The GUFI ranges from moderate to extreme contamination, particularly in the downstream stretches of the two rivers. This spatial trend is related to various point sources and identified at specific sampling stations, with a lack of identifiable buffer zones. According to the worldwide comparison of megacity pollution, Chennai is ranked in fifth position. The present position can be attributed to a number of explanations: a population explosion associated with the unplanned growth of the city and non-controlled point sources of pollution in Chennai’s waterways.</description><subject>Buffer zones</subject><subject>Cadmium</subject><subject>Canals</subject><subject>Chromium</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Downstream</subject><subject>Dry season</subject><subject>Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Floods</subject><subject>Fluvial sediments</subject><subject>Footprints</subject><subject>Geochemistry</subject><subject>Global Changes</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>Industrial pollution</subject><subject>Industrial wastes</subject><subject>Megacities</subject><subject>Mercury</subject><subject>Metropolitan areas</subject><subject>Point source pollution</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pollution sources</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Population number</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Sediment</subject><subject>Sediments</subject><subject>Silver</subject><subject>Surface water</subject><subject>Surveying</subject><subject>Trace elements</subject><subject>Tracers</subject><subject>Urban development</subject><subject>Urbanization</subject><subject>Waterways</subject><subject>Wind</subject><subject>Zinc</subject><issn>2075-163X</issn><issn>2075-163X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkU1LAzEQhhdRsNRe_AUBT4rVfDS7WW-l2A9oUayCt2WazropbVI32Ur_vSkVdS4zzDzzMi-TJJeM3gmR0_uNsTljNFXqJGlxmskuS8X76b_6POl4v6IxciaU5K3ka4ROV7gxGtZk6FzY1sYG4koyww_QJhj0xFnyYnZYkzkuzQZt8A-kTwbgkcxDs9wf8FBh3G_qUJGZ84E8u22zdo0n_RqBGEsmdmnglgwqtBbMRXJWwtpj5ye3k7fh4-tg3J0-jSaD_rQLQvLQ5Vmapb1co2ILBlwIzhRovcBSA1UAlKmIYJoz6EnW01mcyLwnlVqUcqGXop1cH3UrWBfR2wbqfeHAFOP-tDj0KBdZxrNsxyJ7dWS3tfts0IdiFQ3ZeF7BpaScUSVkpG6OlK6d9zWWv7KMFoc_FH9_EN-2w3mI</recordid><startdate>20190101</startdate><enddate>20190101</enddate><creator>Saravanan, Sukkampatti Palanisamy</creator><creator>Desmet, Marc</creator><creator>Neelakanta Pillai Kanniperumal, Ambujam</creator><creator>Ramasamy, Saravanan</creator><creator>Shumskikh, Nikita</creator><creator>Grosbois, Cécile</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>1XC</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1605-7856</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8897-3154</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6280-0201</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-1406</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20190101</creationdate><title>Geochemical Footprint of Megacities on River Sediments: A Case Study of the Fourth Most Populous Area in India, Chennai</title><author>Saravanan, Sukkampatti Palanisamy ; Desmet, Marc ; Neelakanta Pillai Kanniperumal, Ambujam ; Ramasamy, Saravanan ; Shumskikh, Nikita ; Grosbois, Cécile</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a352t-2767649ce81b1a233218accbefca08aa018276e691a4514c7bef594588bf5bcd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Buffer zones</topic><topic>Cadmium</topic><topic>Canals</topic><topic>Chromium</topic><topic>Contamination</topic><topic>Downstream</topic><topic>Dry season</topic><topic>Environmental Sciences</topic><topic>Floods</topic><topic>Fluvial sediments</topic><topic>Footprints</topic><topic>Geochemistry</topic><topic>Global Changes</topic><topic>Heavy metals</topic><topic>Industrial pollution</topic><topic>Industrial wastes</topic><topic>Megacities</topic><topic>Mercury</topic><topic>Metropolitan areas</topic><topic>Point source pollution</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Pollution sources</topic><topic>Population</topic><topic>Population number</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Sediment</topic><topic>Sediments</topic><topic>Silver</topic><topic>Surface water</topic><topic>Surveying</topic><topic>Trace elements</topic><topic>Tracers</topic><topic>Urban development</topic><topic>Urbanization</topic><topic>Waterways</topic><topic>Wind</topic><topic>Zinc</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Saravanan, Sukkampatti Palanisamy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Desmet, Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neelakanta Pillai Kanniperumal, Ambujam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ramasamy, Saravanan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shumskikh, Nikita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grosbois, Cécile</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>Technology Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><jtitle>Minerals (Basel)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Saravanan, Sukkampatti Palanisamy</au><au>Desmet, Marc</au><au>Neelakanta Pillai Kanniperumal, Ambujam</au><au>Ramasamy, Saravanan</au><au>Shumskikh, Nikita</au><au>Grosbois, Cécile</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Geochemical Footprint of Megacities on River Sediments: A Case Study of the Fourth Most Populous Area in India, Chennai</atitle><jtitle>Minerals (Basel)</jtitle><date>2019-01-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>688</spage><pages>688-</pages><issn>2075-163X</issn><eissn>2075-163X</eissn><abstract>An intensive surface sediment survey was carried out over 24 locations from the upstream to downstream sections of two large rivers (Adyar and Cooum) in Chennai (India) during the February dry season of 2015. Trace element concentrations were assessed on a <63 µm fraction using the Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) and the newly proposed Geochemical Urban Footprint Index (GUFI), which can be performed to determine the pollution status of any megacity river influenced by urban development. The sediment quality of Chennai’s rivers was also compared to worldwide megacity pollution using sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), and a new megacity pollution ranking was determined. The Igeo results indicate that the Chennai rivers studied are strongly to extremely polluted regarding trace element content of sediment. Silver (Ag), Cadmium (Cd) and Mercury (Hg) are the most significant tracers of urban contamination. Chromium (Cr) concentrations show an industrial contamination gradient in relation to levels of other trace elements (As, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) at the Chennai megacity scale. The GUFI ranges from moderate to extreme contamination, particularly in the downstream stretches of the two rivers. This spatial trend is related to various point sources and identified at specific sampling stations, with a lack of identifiable buffer zones. According to the worldwide comparison of megacity pollution, Chennai is ranked in fifth position. The present position can be attributed to a number of explanations: a population explosion associated with the unplanned growth of the city and non-controlled point sources of pollution in Chennai’s waterways.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><doi>10.3390/min9110688</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1605-7856</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8897-3154</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6280-0201</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-1406</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 2075-163X |
| ispartof | Minerals (Basel), 2019-01, Vol.9 (11), p.688 |
| issn | 2075-163X 2075-163X |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_02377277v1 |
| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Buffer zones Cadmium Canals Chromium Contamination Downstream Dry season Environmental Sciences Floods Fluvial sediments Footprints Geochemistry Global Changes Heavy metals Industrial pollution Industrial wastes Megacities Mercury Metropolitan areas Point source pollution Pollution Pollution sources Population Population number Rivers Sediment Sediments Silver Surface water Surveying Trace elements Tracers Urban development Urbanization Waterways Wind Zinc |
| title | Geochemical Footprint of Megacities on River Sediments: A Case Study of the Fourth Most Populous Area in India, Chennai |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-14T13%3A25%3A43IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_hal_p&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Geochemical%20Footprint%20of%20Megacities%20on%20River%20Sediments:%20A%20Case%20Study%20of%20the%20Fourth%20Most%20Populous%20Area%20in%20India,%20Chennai&rft.jtitle=Minerals%20(Basel)&rft.au=Saravanan,%20Sukkampatti%20Palanisamy&rft.date=2019-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=688&rft.pages=688-&rft.issn=2075-163X&rft.eissn=2075-163X&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390/min9110688&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_hal_p%3E2550210835%3C/proquest_hal_p%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2550210835&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |