Geographical, seasonal, and depth variation in sinking particle speeds in the North Atlantic
Particle sinking velocity is considered to be a controlling factor for carbon transport to the deep sea and thus carbon sequestration in the oceans. The velocities of the material exported to depth are considered to be high in high‐latitude productive systems and low in oligotrophic distributions. W...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Geophysical research letters 2016-08, Vol.43 (16), p.8609-8616 |
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| creator | Villa‐Alfageme, M. Soto, F. C. Ceballos, E. Giering, S. L. C. Le Moigne, F. A. C. Henson, S. Mas, J. L. Sanders, R. J. |
| description | Particle sinking velocity is considered to be a controlling factor for carbon transport to the deep sea and thus carbon sequestration in the oceans. The velocities of the material exported to depth are considered to be high in high‐latitude productive systems and low in oligotrophic distributions. We use a recently developed method based on the measurement of the radioactive pair 210Po‐210Pb to calculate particle sinking velocities in the temperate and oligotrophic North Atlantic during different bloom stages. Our estimates of average sinking velocities (ASVs) show that slowly sinking particles ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/2016GL069233 |
| format | Article |
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Key Points
Slow‐sinking particles (<100 m d−1) contribution to particle sinking flux is ubiquitous across the North Atlantic
Strong variations in sinking velocity are found to be mostly seasonal, and the community structure appears to drive sinking velocities
In both temperate and oligotrophic regions we confirm the long‐standing hypothesis that sinking velocity increases with depth (30‐90%)</description><identifier>ISSN: 0094-8276</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-8007</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/2016GL069233</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>210Po‐210Pb ; Atoms & subatomic particles ; biological carbon pump ; Carbon ; Carbon sequestration ; Communities ; Community structure ; Deep sea ; Exports ; Flux ; Marine ; Mathematical analysis ; North Atlantic ; Ocean, Atmosphere ; Oceans ; particle flux attenuation ; particle sinking velocity ; POC ; Polonium ; Sciences of the Universe ; Seasons</subject><ispartof>Geophysical research letters, 2016-08, Vol.43 (16), p.8609-8616</ispartof><rights>2016. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5105-899a6fd862615ea1b2ae5191d8ebeb90a0a9cdf337557812434ab18a40cb58773</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5105-899a6fd862615ea1b2ae5191d8ebeb90a0a9cdf337557812434ab18a40cb58773</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6884-7131 ; 0000-0001-7316-5111</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2F2016GL069233$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2F2016GL069233$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1411,1427,11493,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46443,46808,46867</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-02345494$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Villa‐Alfageme, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soto, F. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ceballos, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giering, S. L. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Le Moigne, F. A. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Henson, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mas, J. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanders, R. J.</creatorcontrib><title>Geographical, seasonal, and depth variation in sinking particle speeds in the North Atlantic</title><title>Geophysical research letters</title><description>Particle sinking velocity is considered to be a controlling factor for carbon transport to the deep sea and thus carbon sequestration in the oceans. The velocities of the material exported to depth are considered to be high in high‐latitude productive systems and low in oligotrophic distributions. We use a recently developed method based on the measurement of the radioactive pair 210Po‐210Pb to calculate particle sinking velocities in the temperate and oligotrophic North Atlantic during different bloom stages. Our estimates of average sinking velocities (ASVs) show that slowly sinking particles (<100 m d−1) contribute significantly to carbon flux at all the locations except in the temperate regions during the bloom. ASVs appear to vary strongly with season, which we propose is caused by changes in the epipelagic community structure. Our results are the first field data to confirm the long‐standing theory that particle sinking velocities increase with depth, with increases of up to 90% between 50 and 150 m depth.
Key Points
Slow‐sinking particles (<100 m d−1) contribution to particle sinking flux is ubiquitous across the North Atlantic
Strong variations in sinking velocity are found to be mostly seasonal, and the community structure appears to drive sinking velocities
In both temperate and oligotrophic regions we confirm the long‐standing hypothesis that sinking velocity increases with depth (30‐90%)</description><subject>210Po‐210Pb</subject><subject>Atoms & subatomic particles</subject><subject>biological carbon pump</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Carbon sequestration</subject><subject>Communities</subject><subject>Community structure</subject><subject>Deep sea</subject><subject>Exports</subject><subject>Flux</subject><subject>Marine</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>North Atlantic</subject><subject>Ocean, Atmosphere</subject><subject>Oceans</subject><subject>particle flux attenuation</subject><subject>particle sinking velocity</subject><subject>POC</subject><subject>Polonium</subject><subject>Sciences of the Universe</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><issn>0094-8276</issn><issn>1944-8007</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqF0U1r3DAQBmBRGug27S0_wNBLC9l2Rh-2dFxCuimYBEJyK4ixrc0qcSxH8qbk31fOhhJ6aE8aNI-GFw1jRwhfEYB_44DluobScCHesAUaKZcaoHrLFgAm17wq37H3Kd0CgACBC_Zz7cJNpHHrW-qPi-QohWGuaOiKzo3Ttnik6GnyYSj8UCQ_3PnhphgpTr7tXZFG57o0t6atK85DzC9WU09Dbn9gBxvqk_v4ch6y6--nVydny_pi_eNkVS9bhaCW2hgqN50ueYnKETacnEKDnXaNawwQkGm7jRCVUpVGLoWkBjVJaBulq0ocsi_7uVvq7Rj9PcUnG8jbs1Vt5zvgQipp5CNm-3lvxxgedi5N9t6n1vU5sQu7ZFELVXJe5g_6P-WVwTx6pp_-ordhF_NHzgp1JRQ85zzeqzaGlKLb_AmLYOcN2tcbzJzv-S_fu6d_Wru-rJXM0cVvuFKZSQ</recordid><startdate>20160828</startdate><enddate>20160828</enddate><creator>Villa‐Alfageme, M.</creator><creator>Soto, F. C.</creator><creator>Ceballos, E.</creator><creator>Giering, S. L. C.</creator><creator>Le Moigne, F. A. C.</creator><creator>Henson, S.</creator><creator>Mas, J. L.</creator><creator>Sanders, R. J.</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>American Geophysical Union</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>1XC</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6884-7131</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7316-5111</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20160828</creationdate><title>Geographical, seasonal, and depth variation in sinking particle speeds in the North Atlantic</title><author>Villa‐Alfageme, M. ; Soto, F. C. ; Ceballos, E. ; Giering, S. L. C. ; Le Moigne, F. A. C. ; Henson, S. ; Mas, J. L. ; Sanders, R. J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5105-899a6fd862615ea1b2ae5191d8ebeb90a0a9cdf337557812434ab18a40cb58773</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>210Po‐210Pb</topic><topic>Atoms & subatomic particles</topic><topic>biological carbon pump</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Carbon sequestration</topic><topic>Communities</topic><topic>Community structure</topic><topic>Deep sea</topic><topic>Exports</topic><topic>Flux</topic><topic>Marine</topic><topic>Mathematical analysis</topic><topic>North Atlantic</topic><topic>Ocean, Atmosphere</topic><topic>Oceans</topic><topic>particle flux attenuation</topic><topic>particle sinking velocity</topic><topic>POC</topic><topic>Polonium</topic><topic>Sciences of the Universe</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Villa‐Alfageme, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soto, F. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ceballos, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giering, S. L. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Le Moigne, F. A. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Henson, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mas, J. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanders, R. J.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Villa‐Alfageme, M.</au><au>Soto, F. C.</au><au>Ceballos, E.</au><au>Giering, S. L. C.</au><au>Le Moigne, F. A. C.</au><au>Henson, S.</au><au>Mas, J. L.</au><au>Sanders, R. J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Geographical, seasonal, and depth variation in sinking particle speeds in the North Atlantic</atitle><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle><date>2016-08-28</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>43</volume><issue>16</issue><spage>8609</spage><epage>8616</epage><pages>8609-8616</pages><issn>0094-8276</issn><eissn>1944-8007</eissn><abstract>Particle sinking velocity is considered to be a controlling factor for carbon transport to the deep sea and thus carbon sequestration in the oceans. The velocities of the material exported to depth are considered to be high in high‐latitude productive systems and low in oligotrophic distributions. We use a recently developed method based on the measurement of the radioactive pair 210Po‐210Pb to calculate particle sinking velocities in the temperate and oligotrophic North Atlantic during different bloom stages. Our estimates of average sinking velocities (ASVs) show that slowly sinking particles (<100 m d−1) contribute significantly to carbon flux at all the locations except in the temperate regions during the bloom. ASVs appear to vary strongly with season, which we propose is caused by changes in the epipelagic community structure. Our results are the first field data to confirm the long‐standing theory that particle sinking velocities increase with depth, with increases of up to 90% between 50 and 150 m depth.
Key Points
Slow‐sinking particles (<100 m d−1) contribution to particle sinking flux is ubiquitous across the North Atlantic
Strong variations in sinking velocity are found to be mostly seasonal, and the community structure appears to drive sinking velocities
In both temperate and oligotrophic regions we confirm the long‐standing hypothesis that sinking velocity increases with depth (30‐90%)</abstract><cop>Washington</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><doi>10.1002/2016GL069233</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6884-7131</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7316-5111</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Wiley Free Content; Wiley-Blackwell AGU Digital Library; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals |
| subjects | 210Po‐210Pb Atoms & subatomic particles biological carbon pump Carbon Carbon sequestration Communities Community structure Deep sea Exports Flux Marine Mathematical analysis North Atlantic Ocean, Atmosphere Oceans particle flux attenuation particle sinking velocity POC Polonium Sciences of the Universe Seasons |
| title | Geographical, seasonal, and depth variation in sinking particle speeds in the North Atlantic |
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