Graphene Oxide Flakes Tune Excitatory Neurotransmission in Vivo by Targeting Hippocampal Synapses

Synapses compute and transmit information to connect neural circuits and are at the basis of brain operations. Alterations in their function contribute to a vast range of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders and synapse-based therapeutic intervention, such as selective inhibition of syna...

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Veröffentlicht in:Nano letters 2019-05, Vol.19 (5), p.2858-2870
Hauptverfasser: Rauti, Rossana, Medelin, Manuela, Newman, Leon, Vranic, Sandra, Reina, Giacomo, Bianco, Alberto, Prato, Maurizio, Kostarelos, Kostas, Ballerini, Laura
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container_end_page 2870
container_issue 5
container_start_page 2858
container_title Nano letters
container_volume 19
creator Rauti, Rossana
Medelin, Manuela
Newman, Leon
Vranic, Sandra
Reina, Giacomo
Bianco, Alberto
Prato, Maurizio
Kostarelos, Kostas
Ballerini, Laura
description Synapses compute and transmit information to connect neural circuits and are at the basis of brain operations. Alterations in their function contribute to a vast range of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders and synapse-based therapeutic intervention, such as selective inhibition of synaptic transmission, may significantly help against serious pathologies. Graphene is a two-dimensional nanomaterial largely exploited in multiple domains of science and technology, including biomedical applications. In hippocampal neurons in culture, small graphene oxide nanosheets (s-GO) selectively depress glutamatergic activity without altering cell viability. Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and growing evidence suggests its involvement in neuropsychiatric disorders. Here we demonstrate that s-GO directly targets the release of presynaptic vesicle. We propose that s-GO flakes reduce the availability of transmitter, via promoting its fast release and subsequent depletion, leading to a decline ofglutamatergic neurotransmission. We injected s-GO in the hippocampus in vivo, and 48 h after surgery ex vivo patch-clamp recordings from brain slices show a significant reduction in glutamatergic synaptic activity in respect to saline injections.
doi_str_mv 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04903
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title Graphene Oxide Flakes Tune Excitatory Neurotransmission in Vivo by Targeting Hippocampal Synapses
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