Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil from Vietnam: chemical diversity and its impacts on antibacterial activity
The threat of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has created an urgent need to develop new antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical diversity of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) and its impacts on the antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Essential o...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Letters in applied microbiology 2018-03, Vol.66 (3), p.207-214 |
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| creator | Nguyen, H.V. Meile, J.‐C. Lebrun, M. Caruso, D. Chu‐Ky, S. Sarter, S. |
| description | The threat of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has created an urgent need to develop new antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical diversity of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) and its impacts on the antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Essential oils collected from seven provinces in North Vietnam (n = 25) were characterized by their high content in either 1,8‐cineole or linalool. Linalool‐type EOs were more effective against the eight bacterial strains tested than 1,8‐cineole‐type. Oil samples, LC19 (50% 1,8‐cineole) and BV27 (94% linalool), were selected to investigate their antibacterial mechanisms against Escherichia coli. A strong bactericidal effect was observed after 4 and 2 h of exposure respectively. Microscopic analysis of treated E. coli cultures clearly showed that EOs caused changes in cell morphology, loss of integrity and permeability of the cell membrane, as well as DNA loss. However, the effects of both EOs were distinct. LC19 mostly affected cell membrane, led to a significant cell filamentation rate and altered cell width, whereas BV27 damaged cell membrane integrity leading to cell permeabilization and altered nucleoid morphology with the appearance of spot and visibly altered compaction.
Significance and Impact of the Study
This study aimed to characterize the chemical diversity of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) and its impacts on its antibacterial activity. Two major chemotypes (1,8‐cineole or linalool rich) were identified in North Vietnam and both were bactericidal against several pathogenic bacteria. A distinct inhibitory effect of EO samples on Escherichia coli was observed. 1,8‐cineole‐rich sample (LC19) affected cell membrane, led to cell filamentation and perturbation of cell width, while the linalool‐rich one (BV27) induced damages in the cell membrane and changes in the nucleoid morphology. The study demonstrates the importance of considering chemotype variations in terms of chemical composition as well as the mode of action.
Significance and Impact of the Study: This study aimed to characterize the chemical diversity of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) and its impacts on its antibacterial activity. Two major chemotypes (1,8‐cineole or linalool rich) were identified in North Vietnam and both were bactericidal against several pathogenic bacteria. A distinct inhibitory effect of EO samples on Escherichia coli was observed. 1,8‐cineole‐rich sample (LC19) affected c |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/lam.12837 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_hal_p</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_01939051v1</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1979510507</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3877-daab1b5d0ee7111f4f41fbb7a6d71dc406c4575e96e3dc88b888ddfe4fa479c23</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kU1v1DAQhi0EokvhwB9AlrjAIa2dOLHDbVUBRQriAoib5Y-x6uIki50s2n_PLFuKhIQvY888ej0zLyHPObvgeC6TGS94rRr5gGy4kHUlu_bbQ7JhdddVqm7FGXlSyi1jTPG6f0zO6h4rjVQb8n2ISwFD3WrBGprABAqlwLREk-gcEw15HunXCMtkxjfU3cAYHZZ83EMucTlQM3mKIjSOO-MwzhOmlmjxAfmogpe4R_IpeRRMKvDsLp6TL-_efr66roZP7z9cbYfKNUrKyhtjuW09A5A4XRBB8GCtNJ2X3DvBOida2ULfQeOdUlYp5X0AEYyQvaubc_L6pHtjkt7lOJp80LOJ-no76GOO8b7pWcv3HNlXJ3aX5x8rlEWPsThIyUwwr0XzXvYtZy2TiL78B72d1zzhJLpmDBcrOyH_fu7yXEqGcN8BZ_rolka39G-3kH1xp7jaEfw9-cceBC5PwM-Y4PB_JT1sP54kfwGmKZ69</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2001297647</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil from Vietnam: chemical diversity and its impacts on antibacterial activity</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Journals</source><source>Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Nguyen, H.V. ; Meile, J.‐C. ; Lebrun, M. ; Caruso, D. ; Chu‐Ky, S. ; Sarter, S.</creator><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, H.V. ; Meile, J.‐C. ; Lebrun, M. ; Caruso, D. ; Chu‐Ky, S. ; Sarter, S.</creatorcontrib><description>The threat of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has created an urgent need to develop new antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical diversity of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) and its impacts on the antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Essential oils collected from seven provinces in North Vietnam (n = 25) were characterized by their high content in either 1,8‐cineole or linalool. Linalool‐type EOs were more effective against the eight bacterial strains tested than 1,8‐cineole‐type. Oil samples, LC19 (50% 1,8‐cineole) and BV27 (94% linalool), were selected to investigate their antibacterial mechanisms against Escherichia coli. A strong bactericidal effect was observed after 4 and 2 h of exposure respectively. Microscopic analysis of treated E. coli cultures clearly showed that EOs caused changes in cell morphology, loss of integrity and permeability of the cell membrane, as well as DNA loss. However, the effects of both EOs were distinct. LC19 mostly affected cell membrane, led to a significant cell filamentation rate and altered cell width, whereas BV27 damaged cell membrane integrity leading to cell permeabilization and altered nucleoid morphology with the appearance of spot and visibly altered compaction.
Significance and Impact of the Study
This study aimed to characterize the chemical diversity of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) and its impacts on its antibacterial activity. Two major chemotypes (1,8‐cineole or linalool rich) were identified in North Vietnam and both were bactericidal against several pathogenic bacteria. A distinct inhibitory effect of EO samples on Escherichia coli was observed. 1,8‐cineole‐rich sample (LC19) affected cell membrane, led to cell filamentation and perturbation of cell width, while the linalool‐rich one (BV27) induced damages in the cell membrane and changes in the nucleoid morphology. The study demonstrates the importance of considering chemotype variations in terms of chemical composition as well as the mode of action.
Significance and Impact of the Study: This study aimed to characterize the chemical diversity of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) and its impacts on its antibacterial activity. Two major chemotypes (1,8‐cineole or linalool rich) were identified in North Vietnam and both were bactericidal against several pathogenic bacteria. A distinct inhibitory effect of EO samples on Escherichia coli was observed. 1,8‐cineole‐rich sample (LC19) affected cell membrane, led to cell filamentation and perturbation of cell width, while the linalool‐rich one (BV27) induced damages in the cell membrane and changes in the nucleoid morphology. The study demonstrates the importance of considering chemotype variations in terms of chemical composition as well as the mode of action.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0266-8254</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1472-765X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/lam.12837</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29266378</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology ; Antibacterial activity ; antibacterial mechanism ; Antibiotics ; Antimicrobial agents ; Bacteria ; Cell Membrane - drug effects ; Cell morphology ; Chemical composition ; chemical diversity ; Cineole ; Cyclohexanols - pharmacology ; Cytology ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; E coli ; Escherichia coli ; Escherichia coli - drug effects ; Essential oils ; Filamentation ; Integrity ; Leaves ; Life Sciences ; Linalool ; Litsea - chemistry ; Litsea cubeba ; Membrane permeability ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Microscopic analysis ; Mode of action ; Monoterpenes - pharmacology ; Morphology ; Oils & fats ; Oils, Volatile - pharmacology ; pathogenic bacteria ; Permeability ; Plant Leaves - chemistry ; Vietnam</subject><ispartof>Letters in applied microbiology, 2018-03, Vol.66 (3), p.207-214</ispartof><rights>2017 The Society for Applied Microbiology</rights><rights>2017 The Society for Applied Microbiology.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2018 The Society for Applied Microbiology</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3877-daab1b5d0ee7111f4f41fbb7a6d71dc406c4575e96e3dc88b888ddfe4fa479c23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3877-daab1b5d0ee7111f4f41fbb7a6d71dc406c4575e96e3dc88b888ddfe4fa479c23</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5115-0824</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Flam.12837$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Flam.12837$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29266378$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-01939051$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, H.V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meile, J.‐C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lebrun, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caruso, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chu‐Ky, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarter, S.</creatorcontrib><title>Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil from Vietnam: chemical diversity and its impacts on antibacterial activity</title><title>Letters in applied microbiology</title><addtitle>Lett Appl Microbiol</addtitle><description>The threat of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has created an urgent need to develop new antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical diversity of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) and its impacts on the antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Essential oils collected from seven provinces in North Vietnam (n = 25) were characterized by their high content in either 1,8‐cineole or linalool. Linalool‐type EOs were more effective against the eight bacterial strains tested than 1,8‐cineole‐type. Oil samples, LC19 (50% 1,8‐cineole) and BV27 (94% linalool), were selected to investigate their antibacterial mechanisms against Escherichia coli. A strong bactericidal effect was observed after 4 and 2 h of exposure respectively. Microscopic analysis of treated E. coli cultures clearly showed that EOs caused changes in cell morphology, loss of integrity and permeability of the cell membrane, as well as DNA loss. However, the effects of both EOs were distinct. LC19 mostly affected cell membrane, led to a significant cell filamentation rate and altered cell width, whereas BV27 damaged cell membrane integrity leading to cell permeabilization and altered nucleoid morphology with the appearance of spot and visibly altered compaction.
Significance and Impact of the Study
This study aimed to characterize the chemical diversity of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) and its impacts on its antibacterial activity. Two major chemotypes (1,8‐cineole or linalool rich) were identified in North Vietnam and both were bactericidal against several pathogenic bacteria. A distinct inhibitory effect of EO samples on Escherichia coli was observed. 1,8‐cineole‐rich sample (LC19) affected cell membrane, led to cell filamentation and perturbation of cell width, while the linalool‐rich one (BV27) induced damages in the cell membrane and changes in the nucleoid morphology. The study demonstrates the importance of considering chemotype variations in terms of chemical composition as well as the mode of action.
Significance and Impact of the Study: This study aimed to characterize the chemical diversity of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) and its impacts on its antibacterial activity. Two major chemotypes (1,8‐cineole or linalool rich) were identified in North Vietnam and both were bactericidal against several pathogenic bacteria. A distinct inhibitory effect of EO samples on Escherichia coli was observed. 1,8‐cineole‐rich sample (LC19) affected cell membrane, led to cell filamentation and perturbation of cell width, while the linalool‐rich one (BV27) induced damages in the cell membrane and changes in the nucleoid morphology. The study demonstrates the importance of considering chemotype variations in terms of chemical composition as well as the mode of action.</description><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Antibacterial activity</subject><subject>antibacterial mechanism</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Antimicrobial agents</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Cell Membrane - drug effects</subject><subject>Cell morphology</subject><subject>Chemical composition</subject><subject>chemical diversity</subject><subject>Cineole</subject><subject>Cyclohexanols - pharmacology</subject><subject>Cytology</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Escherichia coli</subject><subject>Escherichia coli - drug effects</subject><subject>Essential oils</subject><subject>Filamentation</subject><subject>Integrity</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Linalool</subject><subject>Litsea - chemistry</subject><subject>Litsea cubeba</subject><subject>Membrane permeability</subject><subject>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</subject><subject>Microscopic analysis</subject><subject>Mode of action</subject><subject>Monoterpenes - pharmacology</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Oils & fats</subject><subject>Oils, Volatile - pharmacology</subject><subject>pathogenic bacteria</subject><subject>Permeability</subject><subject>Plant Leaves - chemistry</subject><subject>Vietnam</subject><issn>0266-8254</issn><issn>1472-765X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kU1v1DAQhi0EokvhwB9AlrjAIa2dOLHDbVUBRQriAoib5Y-x6uIki50s2n_PLFuKhIQvY888ej0zLyHPObvgeC6TGS94rRr5gGy4kHUlu_bbQ7JhdddVqm7FGXlSyi1jTPG6f0zO6h4rjVQb8n2ISwFD3WrBGprABAqlwLREk-gcEw15HunXCMtkxjfU3cAYHZZ83EMucTlQM3mKIjSOO-MwzhOmlmjxAfmogpe4R_IpeRRMKvDsLp6TL-_efr66roZP7z9cbYfKNUrKyhtjuW09A5A4XRBB8GCtNJ2X3DvBOida2ULfQeOdUlYp5X0AEYyQvaubc_L6pHtjkt7lOJp80LOJ-no76GOO8b7pWcv3HNlXJ3aX5x8rlEWPsThIyUwwr0XzXvYtZy2TiL78B72d1zzhJLpmDBcrOyH_fu7yXEqGcN8BZ_rolka39G-3kH1xp7jaEfw9-cceBC5PwM-Y4PB_JT1sP54kfwGmKZ69</recordid><startdate>201803</startdate><enddate>201803</enddate><creator>Nguyen, H.V.</creator><creator>Meile, J.‐C.</creator><creator>Lebrun, M.</creator><creator>Caruso, D.</creator><creator>Chu‐Ky, S.</creator><creator>Sarter, S.</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>1XC</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5115-0824</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201803</creationdate><title>Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil from Vietnam: chemical diversity and its impacts on antibacterial activity</title><author>Nguyen, H.V. ; Meile, J.‐C. ; Lebrun, M. ; Caruso, D. ; Chu‐Ky, S. ; Sarter, S.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3877-daab1b5d0ee7111f4f41fbb7a6d71dc406c4575e96e3dc88b888ddfe4fa479c23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Antibacterial activity</topic><topic>antibacterial mechanism</topic><topic>Antibiotics</topic><topic>Antimicrobial agents</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Cell Membrane - drug effects</topic><topic>Cell morphology</topic><topic>Chemical composition</topic><topic>chemical diversity</topic><topic>Cineole</topic><topic>Cyclohexanols - pharmacology</topic><topic>Cytology</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>E coli</topic><topic>Escherichia coli</topic><topic>Escherichia coli - drug effects</topic><topic>Essential oils</topic><topic>Filamentation</topic><topic>Integrity</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Linalool</topic><topic>Litsea - chemistry</topic><topic>Litsea cubeba</topic><topic>Membrane permeability</topic><topic>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</topic><topic>Microscopic analysis</topic><topic>Mode of action</topic><topic>Monoterpenes - pharmacology</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Oils & fats</topic><topic>Oils, Volatile - pharmacology</topic><topic>pathogenic bacteria</topic><topic>Permeability</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - chemistry</topic><topic>Vietnam</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, H.V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meile, J.‐C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lebrun, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caruso, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chu‐Ky, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarter, S.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><jtitle>Letters in applied microbiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nguyen, H.V.</au><au>Meile, J.‐C.</au><au>Lebrun, M.</au><au>Caruso, D.</au><au>Chu‐Ky, S.</au><au>Sarter, S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil from Vietnam: chemical diversity and its impacts on antibacterial activity</atitle><jtitle>Letters in applied microbiology</jtitle><addtitle>Lett Appl Microbiol</addtitle><date>2018-03</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>66</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>207</spage><epage>214</epage><pages>207-214</pages><issn>0266-8254</issn><eissn>1472-765X</eissn><abstract>The threat of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has created an urgent need to develop new antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical diversity of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) and its impacts on the antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Essential oils collected from seven provinces in North Vietnam (n = 25) were characterized by their high content in either 1,8‐cineole or linalool. Linalool‐type EOs were more effective against the eight bacterial strains tested than 1,8‐cineole‐type. Oil samples, LC19 (50% 1,8‐cineole) and BV27 (94% linalool), were selected to investigate their antibacterial mechanisms against Escherichia coli. A strong bactericidal effect was observed after 4 and 2 h of exposure respectively. Microscopic analysis of treated E. coli cultures clearly showed that EOs caused changes in cell morphology, loss of integrity and permeability of the cell membrane, as well as DNA loss. However, the effects of both EOs were distinct. LC19 mostly affected cell membrane, led to a significant cell filamentation rate and altered cell width, whereas BV27 damaged cell membrane integrity leading to cell permeabilization and altered nucleoid morphology with the appearance of spot and visibly altered compaction.
Significance and Impact of the Study
This study aimed to characterize the chemical diversity of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) and its impacts on its antibacterial activity. Two major chemotypes (1,8‐cineole or linalool rich) were identified in North Vietnam and both were bactericidal against several pathogenic bacteria. A distinct inhibitory effect of EO samples on Escherichia coli was observed. 1,8‐cineole‐rich sample (LC19) affected cell membrane, led to cell filamentation and perturbation of cell width, while the linalool‐rich one (BV27) induced damages in the cell membrane and changes in the nucleoid morphology. The study demonstrates the importance of considering chemotype variations in terms of chemical composition as well as the mode of action.
Significance and Impact of the Study: This study aimed to characterize the chemical diversity of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) and its impacts on its antibacterial activity. Two major chemotypes (1,8‐cineole or linalool rich) were identified in North Vietnam and both were bactericidal against several pathogenic bacteria. A distinct inhibitory effect of EO samples on Escherichia coli was observed. 1,8‐cineole‐rich sample (LC19) affected cell membrane, led to cell filamentation and perturbation of cell width, while the linalool‐rich one (BV27) induced damages in the cell membrane and changes in the nucleoid morphology. The study demonstrates the importance of considering chemotype variations in terms of chemical composition as well as the mode of action.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>29266378</pmid><doi>10.1111/lam.12837</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5115-0824</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Journals; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Antibacterial activity antibacterial mechanism Antibiotics Antimicrobial agents Bacteria Cell Membrane - drug effects Cell morphology Chemical composition chemical diversity Cineole Cyclohexanols - pharmacology Cytology Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA E coli Escherichia coli Escherichia coli - drug effects Essential oils Filamentation Integrity Leaves Life Sciences Linalool Litsea - chemistry Litsea cubeba Membrane permeability Microbial Sensitivity Tests Microscopic analysis Mode of action Monoterpenes - pharmacology Morphology Oils & fats Oils, Volatile - pharmacology pathogenic bacteria Permeability Plant Leaves - chemistry Vietnam |
| title | Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil from Vietnam: chemical diversity and its impacts on antibacterial activity |
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