A new 3D-printed photoelectrocatalytic reactor combining the benefits of a transparent electrode and the Fenton reaction for advanced wastewater treatment
A new TiO 2 -coated stirred glass reactor was designed, comprising a film of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated on a transparent glass anode. The potential of FTO for the O 2 evolution reaction – determined by linear scan voltammetry – was equal to 2.1 V vs. the SHE, high enough to form hydroxyl...
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creator | Mousset, Emmanuel Huang Weiqi, Victor Foong Yang Kai, Brandon Koh, Jun Shyang Tng, Jun Wei Wang, Zuxin Lefebvre, Olivier |
description | A new TiO 2 -coated stirred glass reactor was designed, comprising a film of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated on a transparent glass anode. The potential of FTO for the O 2 evolution reaction – determined by linear scan voltammetry – was equal to 2.1 V vs. the SHE, high enough to form hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) through anodic oxidation (AO). By letting UVA light shine through the glass reactor coated with an optimal TiO 2 loading of 0.311 mg cm −2 , heterogeneous photocatalysis occurred, which led to a second source of ˙OH. Coupled with a three-dimensional (3D) carbonaceous cathode and with the addition of a catalytic amount of Fe 2+ , four more sources of ˙OH could be implemented through H 2 O 2 electro-activation, the Fenton reaction, H 2 O 2 photolysis and Fe( iii )-hydroxy complex photolysis. This combined photoelectrocatalytic Fenton process allowed reaching a phenol (chosen as a model pollutant to allow for easy comparison with other processes) degradation rate of 0.0168 min −1 and a mineralization yield of 97% after 8 h of treatment, far better than those of each individual process. Notably, the phenol degradation rate of the combined process was 37% higher than that of electro-Fenton (EF) alone and 42% higher than that of AO alone. A synergy was observed (with a photocatalytic synergy value of S PC = 1.26) in the presence of TiO 2 , which improved on UV photolysis alone (UV synergy value, S UV = 0.97) and could be further augmented in a novel 3D-printed flow-cell reactor, designed to maximize the distance of electrode separation and the contact between gaseous O 2 and the carbon cathode. Indeed, UVA radiation shining through the FTO anode – with a transmissivity of 65% – improved the kinetics of photolytic reactions as compared to dark processes, with a synergy value ( S UV ) as high as 1.87. Thanks to these enhancements, the overall phenol degradation rate could be further increased to 0.0175 min −1 , 14% higher than that within the stirred glass reactor (0.0153 min −1 ). Following optimization of the current density and Fe 2+ concentration, a kinetic rate of degradation of 0.0214 min −1 was attained, an all-time high showcasing the promise of the novel photoelectrocatalytic reactor. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1039/C7TA08182K |
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The potential of FTO for the O 2 evolution reaction – determined by linear scan voltammetry – was equal to 2.1 V vs. the SHE, high enough to form hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) through anodic oxidation (AO). By letting UVA light shine through the glass reactor coated with an optimal TiO 2 loading of 0.311 mg cm −2 , heterogeneous photocatalysis occurred, which led to a second source of ˙OH. Coupled with a three-dimensional (3D) carbonaceous cathode and with the addition of a catalytic amount of Fe 2+ , four more sources of ˙OH could be implemented through H 2 O 2 electro-activation, the Fenton reaction, H 2 O 2 photolysis and Fe( iii )-hydroxy complex photolysis. This combined photoelectrocatalytic Fenton process allowed reaching a phenol (chosen as a model pollutant to allow for easy comparison with other processes) degradation rate of 0.0168 min −1 and a mineralization yield of 97% after 8 h of treatment, far better than those of each individual process. Notably, the phenol degradation rate of the combined process was 37% higher than that of electro-Fenton (EF) alone and 42% higher than that of AO alone. A synergy was observed (with a photocatalytic synergy value of S PC = 1.26) in the presence of TiO 2 , which improved on UV photolysis alone (UV synergy value, S UV = 0.97) and could be further augmented in a novel 3D-printed flow-cell reactor, designed to maximize the distance of electrode separation and the contact between gaseous O 2 and the carbon cathode. Indeed, UVA radiation shining through the FTO anode – with a transmissivity of 65% – improved the kinetics of photolytic reactions as compared to dark processes, with a synergy value ( S UV ) as high as 1.87. Thanks to these enhancements, the overall phenol degradation rate could be further increased to 0.0175 min −1 , 14% higher than that within the stirred glass reactor (0.0153 min −1 ). Following optimization of the current density and Fe 2+ concentration, a kinetic rate of degradation of 0.0214 min −1 was attained, an all-time high showcasing the promise of the novel photoelectrocatalytic reactor.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2050-7488</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2050-7496</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1039/C7TA08182K</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry</publisher><subject>Advanced wastewater treatment ; Anodes ; Anodizing ; Catalysis ; Cathodes ; Chemical Sciences ; Degradation ; Electrodes ; Environmental Sciences ; Fluorine ; Free radicals ; Hydrogen peroxide ; Hydroxyl radicals ; Iron ; Kinetics ; Mineralization ; Optimization ; Oxidation ; Phenols ; Photocatalysis ; Photolysis ; Pollutants ; Radiation ; Reaction kinetics ; Reactors ; Sport utility vehicles ; Three dimensional flow ; Three dimensional printing ; Tin ; Tin oxide ; Tin oxides ; Titanium dioxide ; Transmissivity ; Ultraviolet radiation ; Wastewater treatment</subject><ispartof>Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability, 2017, Vol.5 (47), p.24951-24964</ispartof><rights>Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry 2017</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c330t-326c071397aee4119b641b352af2385a0841da2d85ef3ce12435cd4a11713d283</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c330t-326c071397aee4119b641b352af2385a0841da2d85ef3ce12435cd4a11713d283</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3010-4527 ; 0000-0001-8398-9149 ; 0000-0001-6262-2495 ; 0000-0001-7161-9167</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,4024,27923,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-01925751$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mousset, Emmanuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang Weiqi, Victor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foong Yang Kai, Brandon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koh, Jun Shyang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tng, Jun Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Zuxin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lefebvre, Olivier</creatorcontrib><title>A new 3D-printed photoelectrocatalytic reactor combining the benefits of a transparent electrode and the Fenton reaction for advanced wastewater treatment</title><title>Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability</title><description>A new TiO 2 -coated stirred glass reactor was designed, comprising a film of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated on a transparent glass anode. The potential of FTO for the O 2 evolution reaction – determined by linear scan voltammetry – was equal to 2.1 V vs. the SHE, high enough to form hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) through anodic oxidation (AO). By letting UVA light shine through the glass reactor coated with an optimal TiO 2 loading of 0.311 mg cm −2 , heterogeneous photocatalysis occurred, which led to a second source of ˙OH. Coupled with a three-dimensional (3D) carbonaceous cathode and with the addition of a catalytic amount of Fe 2+ , four more sources of ˙OH could be implemented through H 2 O 2 electro-activation, the Fenton reaction, H 2 O 2 photolysis and Fe( iii )-hydroxy complex photolysis. This combined photoelectrocatalytic Fenton process allowed reaching a phenol (chosen as a model pollutant to allow for easy comparison with other processes) degradation rate of 0.0168 min −1 and a mineralization yield of 97% after 8 h of treatment, far better than those of each individual process. Notably, the phenol degradation rate of the combined process was 37% higher than that of electro-Fenton (EF) alone and 42% higher than that of AO alone. A synergy was observed (with a photocatalytic synergy value of S PC = 1.26) in the presence of TiO 2 , which improved on UV photolysis alone (UV synergy value, S UV = 0.97) and could be further augmented in a novel 3D-printed flow-cell reactor, designed to maximize the distance of electrode separation and the contact between gaseous O 2 and the carbon cathode. Indeed, UVA radiation shining through the FTO anode – with a transmissivity of 65% – improved the kinetics of photolytic reactions as compared to dark processes, with a synergy value ( S UV ) as high as 1.87. Thanks to these enhancements, the overall phenol degradation rate could be further increased to 0.0175 min −1 , 14% higher than that within the stirred glass reactor (0.0153 min −1 ). Following optimization of the current density and Fe 2+ concentration, a kinetic rate of degradation of 0.0214 min −1 was attained, an all-time high showcasing the promise of the novel photoelectrocatalytic reactor.</description><subject>Advanced wastewater treatment</subject><subject>Anodes</subject><subject>Anodizing</subject><subject>Catalysis</subject><subject>Cathodes</subject><subject>Chemical Sciences</subject><subject>Degradation</subject><subject>Electrodes</subject><subject>Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Fluorine</subject><subject>Free radicals</subject><subject>Hydrogen peroxide</subject><subject>Hydroxyl radicals</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Kinetics</subject><subject>Mineralization</subject><subject>Optimization</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Phenols</subject><subject>Photocatalysis</subject><subject>Photolysis</subject><subject>Pollutants</subject><subject>Radiation</subject><subject>Reaction kinetics</subject><subject>Reactors</subject><subject>Sport utility vehicles</subject><subject>Three dimensional flow</subject><subject>Three dimensional printing</subject><subject>Tin</subject><subject>Tin oxide</subject><subject>Tin oxides</subject><subject>Titanium dioxide</subject><subject>Transmissivity</subject><subject>Ultraviolet radiation</subject><subject>Wastewater treatment</subject><issn>2050-7488</issn><issn>2050-7496</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpFkc9KAzEQhxdRsNRefIKAJ4XVSbLbTY6l_qlY8FLPyzQ7a7e0SU1Si6_i05raorlk-PHlmyGTZZccbjlIfTeuZiNQXImXk6wnoIS8KvTw9K9W6jwbhLCEdBTAUOte9j1ilnZM3ucb39lIDdssXHS0IhO9Mxhx9RU7wzyhic4z49bzznb2ncUFsTlZarsYmGsZsujRhg16spEdBQ0xtM0v-5hiZw-iLhVtsmHzidakpjsMkXYYyScLYVwn-CI7a3EVaHC8-9nb48NsPMmnr0_P49E0N1JCzKUYGqi41BUSFZzr-bDgc1kKbIVUJYIqeIOiUSW10hAXhSxNUyDn6VEjlOxn1wfvAld1-oU1-q_aYVdPRtN6nwHXoqxK_skTe3VgN959bCnEeum23qbxagEcNEjQe-PNgTLeheCp_dNyqPerqv9XJX8AQV2HMg</recordid><startdate>2017</startdate><enddate>2017</enddate><creator>Mousset, Emmanuel</creator><creator>Huang Weiqi, Victor</creator><creator>Foong Yang Kai, Brandon</creator><creator>Koh, Jun Shyang</creator><creator>Tng, Jun Wei</creator><creator>Wang, Zuxin</creator><creator>Lefebvre, Olivier</creator><general>Royal Society of Chemistry</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>1XC</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3010-4527</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-9149</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6262-2495</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7161-9167</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2017</creationdate><title>A new 3D-printed photoelectrocatalytic reactor combining the benefits of a transparent electrode and the Fenton reaction for advanced wastewater treatment</title><author>Mousset, Emmanuel ; Huang Weiqi, Victor ; Foong Yang Kai, Brandon ; Koh, Jun Shyang ; Tng, Jun Wei ; Wang, Zuxin ; Lefebvre, Olivier</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c330t-326c071397aee4119b641b352af2385a0841da2d85ef3ce12435cd4a11713d283</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Advanced wastewater treatment</topic><topic>Anodes</topic><topic>Anodizing</topic><topic>Catalysis</topic><topic>Cathodes</topic><topic>Chemical Sciences</topic><topic>Degradation</topic><topic>Electrodes</topic><topic>Environmental Sciences</topic><topic>Fluorine</topic><topic>Free radicals</topic><topic>Hydrogen peroxide</topic><topic>Hydroxyl radicals</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Kinetics</topic><topic>Mineralization</topic><topic>Optimization</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>Phenols</topic><topic>Photocatalysis</topic><topic>Photolysis</topic><topic>Pollutants</topic><topic>Radiation</topic><topic>Reaction kinetics</topic><topic>Reactors</topic><topic>Sport utility vehicles</topic><topic>Three dimensional flow</topic><topic>Three dimensional printing</topic><topic>Tin</topic><topic>Tin oxide</topic><topic>Tin oxides</topic><topic>Titanium dioxide</topic><topic>Transmissivity</topic><topic>Ultraviolet radiation</topic><topic>Wastewater treatment</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mousset, Emmanuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang Weiqi, Victor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foong Yang Kai, Brandon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koh, Jun Shyang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tng, Jun Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Zuxin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lefebvre, Olivier</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><jtitle>Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mousset, Emmanuel</au><au>Huang Weiqi, Victor</au><au>Foong Yang Kai, Brandon</au><au>Koh, Jun Shyang</au><au>Tng, Jun Wei</au><au>Wang, Zuxin</au><au>Lefebvre, Olivier</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A new 3D-printed photoelectrocatalytic reactor combining the benefits of a transparent electrode and the Fenton reaction for advanced wastewater treatment</atitle><jtitle>Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability</jtitle><date>2017</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>5</volume><issue>47</issue><spage>24951</spage><epage>24964</epage><pages>24951-24964</pages><issn>2050-7488</issn><eissn>2050-7496</eissn><abstract>A new TiO 2 -coated stirred glass reactor was designed, comprising a film of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated on a transparent glass anode. The potential of FTO for the O 2 evolution reaction – determined by linear scan voltammetry – was equal to 2.1 V vs. the SHE, high enough to form hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) through anodic oxidation (AO). By letting UVA light shine through the glass reactor coated with an optimal TiO 2 loading of 0.311 mg cm −2 , heterogeneous photocatalysis occurred, which led to a second source of ˙OH. Coupled with a three-dimensional (3D) carbonaceous cathode and with the addition of a catalytic amount of Fe 2+ , four more sources of ˙OH could be implemented through H 2 O 2 electro-activation, the Fenton reaction, H 2 O 2 photolysis and Fe( iii )-hydroxy complex photolysis. This combined photoelectrocatalytic Fenton process allowed reaching a phenol (chosen as a model pollutant to allow for easy comparison with other processes) degradation rate of 0.0168 min −1 and a mineralization yield of 97% after 8 h of treatment, far better than those of each individual process. Notably, the phenol degradation rate of the combined process was 37% higher than that of electro-Fenton (EF) alone and 42% higher than that of AO alone. A synergy was observed (with a photocatalytic synergy value of S PC = 1.26) in the presence of TiO 2 , which improved on UV photolysis alone (UV synergy value, S UV = 0.97) and could be further augmented in a novel 3D-printed flow-cell reactor, designed to maximize the distance of electrode separation and the contact between gaseous O 2 and the carbon cathode. Indeed, UVA radiation shining through the FTO anode – with a transmissivity of 65% – improved the kinetics of photolytic reactions as compared to dark processes, with a synergy value ( S UV ) as high as 1.87. Thanks to these enhancements, the overall phenol degradation rate could be further increased to 0.0175 min −1 , 14% higher than that within the stirred glass reactor (0.0153 min −1 ). Following optimization of the current density and Fe 2+ concentration, a kinetic rate of degradation of 0.0214 min −1 was attained, an all-time high showcasing the promise of the novel photoelectrocatalytic reactor.</abstract><cop>Cambridge</cop><pub>Royal Society of Chemistry</pub><doi>10.1039/C7TA08182K</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3010-4527</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-9149</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6262-2495</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7161-9167</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | Advanced wastewater treatment Anodes Anodizing Catalysis Cathodes Chemical Sciences Degradation Electrodes Environmental Sciences Fluorine Free radicals Hydrogen peroxide Hydroxyl radicals Iron Kinetics Mineralization Optimization Oxidation Phenols Photocatalysis Photolysis Pollutants Radiation Reaction kinetics Reactors Sport utility vehicles Three dimensional flow Three dimensional printing Tin Tin oxide Tin oxides Titanium dioxide Transmissivity Ultraviolet radiation Wastewater treatment |
title | A new 3D-printed photoelectrocatalytic reactor combining the benefits of a transparent electrode and the Fenton reaction for advanced wastewater treatment |
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