A new 3D-printed photoelectrocatalytic reactor combining the benefits of a transparent electrode and the Fenton reaction for advanced wastewater treatment

A new TiO 2 -coated stirred glass reactor was designed, comprising a film of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated on a transparent glass anode. The potential of FTO for the O 2 evolution reaction – determined by linear scan voltammetry – was equal to 2.1 V vs. the SHE, high enough to form hydroxyl...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability Materials for energy and sustainability, 2017, Vol.5 (47), p.24951-24964
Hauptverfasser: Mousset, Emmanuel, Huang Weiqi, Victor, Foong Yang Kai, Brandon, Koh, Jun Shyang, Tng, Jun Wei, Wang, Zuxin, Lefebvre, Olivier
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container_end_page 24964
container_issue 47
container_start_page 24951
container_title Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability
container_volume 5
creator Mousset, Emmanuel
Huang Weiqi, Victor
Foong Yang Kai, Brandon
Koh, Jun Shyang
Tng, Jun Wei
Wang, Zuxin
Lefebvre, Olivier
description A new TiO 2 -coated stirred glass reactor was designed, comprising a film of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated on a transparent glass anode. The potential of FTO for the O 2 evolution reaction – determined by linear scan voltammetry – was equal to 2.1 V vs. the SHE, high enough to form hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) through anodic oxidation (AO). By letting UVA light shine through the glass reactor coated with an optimal TiO 2 loading of 0.311 mg cm −2 , heterogeneous photocatalysis occurred, which led to a second source of ˙OH. Coupled with a three-dimensional (3D) carbonaceous cathode and with the addition of a catalytic amount of Fe 2+ , four more sources of ˙OH could be implemented through H 2 O 2 electro-activation, the Fenton reaction, H 2 O 2 photolysis and Fe( iii )-hydroxy complex photolysis. This combined photoelectrocatalytic Fenton process allowed reaching a phenol (chosen as a model pollutant to allow for easy comparison with other processes) degradation rate of 0.0168 min −1 and a mineralization yield of 97% after 8 h of treatment, far better than those of each individual process. Notably, the phenol degradation rate of the combined process was 37% higher than that of electro-Fenton (EF) alone and 42% higher than that of AO alone. A synergy was observed (with a photocatalytic synergy value of S PC = 1.26) in the presence of TiO 2 , which improved on UV photolysis alone (UV synergy value, S UV = 0.97) and could be further augmented in a novel 3D-printed flow-cell reactor, designed to maximize the distance of electrode separation and the contact between gaseous O 2 and the carbon cathode. Indeed, UVA radiation shining through the FTO anode – with a transmissivity of 65% – improved the kinetics of photolytic reactions as compared to dark processes, with a synergy value ( S UV ) as high as 1.87. Thanks to these enhancements, the overall phenol degradation rate could be further increased to 0.0175 min −1 , 14% higher than that within the stirred glass reactor (0.0153 min −1 ). Following optimization of the current density and Fe 2+ concentration, a kinetic rate of degradation of 0.0214 min −1 was attained, an all-time high showcasing the promise of the novel photoelectrocatalytic reactor.
doi_str_mv 10.1039/C7TA08182K
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The potential of FTO for the O 2 evolution reaction – determined by linear scan voltammetry – was equal to 2.1 V vs. the SHE, high enough to form hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) through anodic oxidation (AO). By letting UVA light shine through the glass reactor coated with an optimal TiO 2 loading of 0.311 mg cm −2 , heterogeneous photocatalysis occurred, which led to a second source of ˙OH. Coupled with a three-dimensional (3D) carbonaceous cathode and with the addition of a catalytic amount of Fe 2+ , four more sources of ˙OH could be implemented through H 2 O 2 electro-activation, the Fenton reaction, H 2 O 2 photolysis and Fe( iii )-hydroxy complex photolysis. This combined photoelectrocatalytic Fenton process allowed reaching a phenol (chosen as a model pollutant to allow for easy comparison with other processes) degradation rate of 0.0168 min −1 and a mineralization yield of 97% after 8 h of treatment, far better than those of each individual process. Notably, the phenol degradation rate of the combined process was 37% higher than that of electro-Fenton (EF) alone and 42% higher than that of AO alone. A synergy was observed (with a photocatalytic synergy value of S PC = 1.26) in the presence of TiO 2 , which improved on UV photolysis alone (UV synergy value, S UV = 0.97) and could be further augmented in a novel 3D-printed flow-cell reactor, designed to maximize the distance of electrode separation and the contact between gaseous O 2 and the carbon cathode. Indeed, UVA radiation shining through the FTO anode – with a transmissivity of 65% – improved the kinetics of photolytic reactions as compared to dark processes, with a synergy value ( S UV ) as high as 1.87. Thanks to these enhancements, the overall phenol degradation rate could be further increased to 0.0175 min −1 , 14% higher than that within the stirred glass reactor (0.0153 min −1 ). 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A, Materials for energy and sustainability</title><description>A new TiO 2 -coated stirred glass reactor was designed, comprising a film of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated on a transparent glass anode. The potential of FTO for the O 2 evolution reaction – determined by linear scan voltammetry – was equal to 2.1 V vs. the SHE, high enough to form hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) through anodic oxidation (AO). By letting UVA light shine through the glass reactor coated with an optimal TiO 2 loading of 0.311 mg cm −2 , heterogeneous photocatalysis occurred, which led to a second source of ˙OH. Coupled with a three-dimensional (3D) carbonaceous cathode and with the addition of a catalytic amount of Fe 2+ , four more sources of ˙OH could be implemented through H 2 O 2 electro-activation, the Fenton reaction, H 2 O 2 photolysis and Fe( iii )-hydroxy complex photolysis. This combined photoelectrocatalytic Fenton process allowed reaching a phenol (chosen as a model pollutant to allow for easy comparison with other processes) degradation rate of 0.0168 min −1 and a mineralization yield of 97% after 8 h of treatment, far better than those of each individual process. Notably, the phenol degradation rate of the combined process was 37% higher than that of electro-Fenton (EF) alone and 42% higher than that of AO alone. A synergy was observed (with a photocatalytic synergy value of S PC = 1.26) in the presence of TiO 2 , which improved on UV photolysis alone (UV synergy value, S UV = 0.97) and could be further augmented in a novel 3D-printed flow-cell reactor, designed to maximize the distance of electrode separation and the contact between gaseous O 2 and the carbon cathode. 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A, Materials for energy and sustainability</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mousset, Emmanuel</au><au>Huang Weiqi, Victor</au><au>Foong Yang Kai, Brandon</au><au>Koh, Jun Shyang</au><au>Tng, Jun Wei</au><au>Wang, Zuxin</au><au>Lefebvre, Olivier</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A new 3D-printed photoelectrocatalytic reactor combining the benefits of a transparent electrode and the Fenton reaction for advanced wastewater treatment</atitle><jtitle>Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability</jtitle><date>2017</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>5</volume><issue>47</issue><spage>24951</spage><epage>24964</epage><pages>24951-24964</pages><issn>2050-7488</issn><eissn>2050-7496</eissn><abstract>A new TiO 2 -coated stirred glass reactor was designed, comprising a film of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated on a transparent glass anode. The potential of FTO for the O 2 evolution reaction – determined by linear scan voltammetry – was equal to 2.1 V vs. the SHE, high enough to form hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) through anodic oxidation (AO). By letting UVA light shine through the glass reactor coated with an optimal TiO 2 loading of 0.311 mg cm −2 , heterogeneous photocatalysis occurred, which led to a second source of ˙OH. Coupled with a three-dimensional (3D) carbonaceous cathode and with the addition of a catalytic amount of Fe 2+ , four more sources of ˙OH could be implemented through H 2 O 2 electro-activation, the Fenton reaction, H 2 O 2 photolysis and Fe( iii )-hydroxy complex photolysis. This combined photoelectrocatalytic Fenton process allowed reaching a phenol (chosen as a model pollutant to allow for easy comparison with other processes) degradation rate of 0.0168 min −1 and a mineralization yield of 97% after 8 h of treatment, far better than those of each individual process. Notably, the phenol degradation rate of the combined process was 37% higher than that of electro-Fenton (EF) alone and 42% higher than that of AO alone. A synergy was observed (with a photocatalytic synergy value of S PC = 1.26) in the presence of TiO 2 , which improved on UV photolysis alone (UV synergy value, S UV = 0.97) and could be further augmented in a novel 3D-printed flow-cell reactor, designed to maximize the distance of electrode separation and the contact between gaseous O 2 and the carbon cathode. Indeed, UVA radiation shining through the FTO anode – with a transmissivity of 65% – improved the kinetics of photolytic reactions as compared to dark processes, with a synergy value ( S UV ) as high as 1.87. Thanks to these enhancements, the overall phenol degradation rate could be further increased to 0.0175 min −1 , 14% higher than that within the stirred glass reactor (0.0153 min −1 ). Following optimization of the current density and Fe 2+ concentration, a kinetic rate of degradation of 0.0214 min −1 was attained, an all-time high showcasing the promise of the novel photoelectrocatalytic reactor.</abstract><cop>Cambridge</cop><pub>Royal Society of Chemistry</pub><doi>10.1039/C7TA08182K</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3010-4527</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-9149</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6262-2495</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7161-9167</orcidid></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 2050-7488
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source Royal Society Of Chemistry Journals
subjects Advanced wastewater treatment
Anodes
Anodizing
Catalysis
Cathodes
Chemical Sciences
Degradation
Electrodes
Environmental Sciences
Fluorine
Free radicals
Hydrogen peroxide
Hydroxyl radicals
Iron
Kinetics
Mineralization
Optimization
Oxidation
Phenols
Photocatalysis
Photolysis
Pollutants
Radiation
Reaction kinetics
Reactors
Sport utility vehicles
Three dimensional flow
Three dimensional printing
Tin
Tin oxide
Tin oxides
Titanium dioxide
Transmissivity
Ultraviolet radiation
Wastewater treatment
title A new 3D-printed photoelectrocatalytic reactor combining the benefits of a transparent electrode and the Fenton reaction for advanced wastewater treatment
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