The technology of the earliest European cave paintings: El Castillo Cave, Spain
The red disks from El Castillo Cave are among the earliest known cave paintings. Here, we combine the morphometric and technological study of red disks from two areas located at the end of the cave with the microscopic, elemental, and mineralogical analysis of the pigment and compare the results obt...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of archaeological science 2016-06, Vol.70, p.48-65 |
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| container_title | Journal of archaeological science |
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| creator | d'Errico, Francesco Dayet Bouillot, Laure García-Diez, Marcos Pitarch Martí, Africa Garrido Pimentel, Daniel Zilhão, João |
| description | The red disks from El Castillo Cave are among the earliest known cave paintings. Here, we combine the morphometric and technological study of red disks from two areas located at the end of the cave with the microscopic, elemental, and mineralogical analysis of the pigment and compare the results obtained with observations derived from experimental replication. Ergonomic constraints imply that a number of disks were made by adults, and the differences in pigment texture and composition suggest that they correspond to an accumulation through time of panels made by different persons who shared neither the same technical know-how nor, very possibly, the same symbolic system.
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•Technology and morphology of red disks from El Castillo Cave are analyzed.•Disks and pigment samples are studied by EDXRF, μ-XRD, SEM-EDS, μ-Raman.•Results identify clear differences in technology and pigment composition.•Disk clusters were made by different persons, at different times. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jas.2016.03.007 |
| format | Article |
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[Display omitted]
•Technology and morphology of red disks from El Castillo Cave are analyzed.•Disks and pigment samples are studied by EDXRF, μ-XRD, SEM-EDS, μ-Raman.•Results identify clear differences in technology and pigment composition.•Disk clusters were made by different persons, at different times.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0305-4403</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9238</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2016.03.007</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Archaeology and Prehistory ; Cave art ; EDXRF ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Ochre ; Pigment ; SEM-EDS microscopy ; Symbolism ; Upper Palaeolithic ; μ-Raman spectroscopy ; μ-XRD</subject><ispartof>Journal of archaeological science, 2016-06, Vol.70, p.48-65</ispartof><rights>2016 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c357t-805a5028f46825085719f58c6b357eaecf7a82889048d1a090b8279960dbaefd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c357t-805a5028f46825085719f58c6b357eaecf7a82889048d1a090b8279960dbaefd3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5937-3061 ; 0000-0002-8396-9487 ; 0000-0002-2422-3079 ; 0000-0003-0408-6035</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440316300012$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,3537,27903,27904,65309</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-01842603$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>d'Errico, Francesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dayet Bouillot, Laure</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>García-Diez, Marcos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pitarch Martí, Africa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garrido Pimentel, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zilhão, João</creatorcontrib><title>The technology of the earliest European cave paintings: El Castillo Cave, Spain</title><title>Journal of archaeological science</title><description>The red disks from El Castillo Cave are among the earliest known cave paintings. Here, we combine the morphometric and technological study of red disks from two areas located at the end of the cave with the microscopic, elemental, and mineralogical analysis of the pigment and compare the results obtained with observations derived from experimental replication. Ergonomic constraints imply that a number of disks were made by adults, and the differences in pigment texture and composition suggest that they correspond to an accumulation through time of panels made by different persons who shared neither the same technical know-how nor, very possibly, the same symbolic system.
[Display omitted]
•Technology and morphology of red disks from El Castillo Cave are analyzed.•Disks and pigment samples are studied by EDXRF, μ-XRD, SEM-EDS, μ-Raman.•Results identify clear differences in technology and pigment composition.•Disk clusters were made by different persons, at different times.</description><subject>Archaeology and Prehistory</subject><subject>Cave art</subject><subject>EDXRF</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Ochre</subject><subject>Pigment</subject><subject>SEM-EDS microscopy</subject><subject>Symbolism</subject><subject>Upper Palaeolithic</subject><subject>μ-Raman spectroscopy</subject><subject>μ-XRD</subject><issn>0305-4403</issn><issn>1095-9238</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kFFLwzAUhYMoOKc_wLe8CrbeJE2b6tMY0wmDPTifQ5bebim1GU0t7N-bMfHRp3s495wL9yPknkHKgOVPTdqYkPIoUxApQHFBJgxKmZRcqEsyAQEyyTIQ1-QmhAaAMSn5hKw3e6QD2n3nW787Ul_TITpo-tZhGOjiu_cHNB21ZkR6MK4bXLcLz3TR0rkJg2tbH8WIj_TjtL0lV7VpA979zin5fF1s5stktX57n89WiRWyGBIF0kjgqs5yxSUoWbCylsrm27hGg7YujOJKlZCpihkoYat4UZY5VFuDdSWm5OF8d29afejdl-mP2hunl7OVPnnAVMZzECOLWXbO2t6H0GP9V2CgT_R0oyM9faKnQehIL3Zezh2MT4wOex2sw85i5Xq0g668-6f9A602dbQ</recordid><startdate>20160601</startdate><enddate>20160601</enddate><creator>d'Errico, Francesco</creator><creator>Dayet Bouillot, Laure</creator><creator>García-Diez, Marcos</creator><creator>Pitarch Martí, Africa</creator><creator>Garrido Pimentel, Daniel</creator><creator>Zilhão, João</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>1XC</scope><scope>BXJBU</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5937-3061</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-9487</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2422-3079</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-6035</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20160601</creationdate><title>The technology of the earliest European cave paintings: El Castillo Cave, Spain</title><author>d'Errico, Francesco ; Dayet Bouillot, Laure ; García-Diez, Marcos ; Pitarch Martí, Africa ; Garrido Pimentel, Daniel ; Zilhão, João</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c357t-805a5028f46825085719f58c6b357eaecf7a82889048d1a090b8279960dbaefd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Archaeology and Prehistory</topic><topic>Cave art</topic><topic>EDXRF</topic><topic>Humanities and Social Sciences</topic><topic>Ochre</topic><topic>Pigment</topic><topic>SEM-EDS microscopy</topic><topic>Symbolism</topic><topic>Upper Palaeolithic</topic><topic>μ-Raman spectroscopy</topic><topic>μ-XRD</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>d'Errico, Francesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dayet Bouillot, Laure</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>García-Diez, Marcos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pitarch Martí, Africa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garrido Pimentel, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zilhão, João</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><collection>HAL-SHS: Archive ouverte en Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société</collection><jtitle>Journal of archaeological science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>d'Errico, Francesco</au><au>Dayet Bouillot, Laure</au><au>García-Diez, Marcos</au><au>Pitarch Martí, Africa</au><au>Garrido Pimentel, Daniel</au><au>Zilhão, João</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The technology of the earliest European cave paintings: El Castillo Cave, Spain</atitle><jtitle>Journal of archaeological science</jtitle><date>2016-06-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>70</volume><spage>48</spage><epage>65</epage><pages>48-65</pages><issn>0305-4403</issn><eissn>1095-9238</eissn><abstract>The red disks from El Castillo Cave are among the earliest known cave paintings. Here, we combine the morphometric and technological study of red disks from two areas located at the end of the cave with the microscopic, elemental, and mineralogical analysis of the pigment and compare the results obtained with observations derived from experimental replication. Ergonomic constraints imply that a number of disks were made by adults, and the differences in pigment texture and composition suggest that they correspond to an accumulation through time of panels made by different persons who shared neither the same technical know-how nor, very possibly, the same symbolic system.
[Display omitted]
•Technology and morphology of red disks from El Castillo Cave are analyzed.•Disks and pigment samples are studied by EDXRF, μ-XRD, SEM-EDS, μ-Raman.•Results identify clear differences in technology and pigment composition.•Disk clusters were made by different persons, at different times.</abstract><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.jas.2016.03.007</doi><tpages>18</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5937-3061</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-9487</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2422-3079</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-6035</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Archaeology and Prehistory Cave art EDXRF Humanities and Social Sciences Ochre Pigment SEM-EDS microscopy Symbolism Upper Palaeolithic μ-Raman spectroscopy μ-XRD |
| title | The technology of the earliest European cave paintings: El Castillo Cave, Spain |
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