Risk of autoimmune diseases and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines: Six years of case-referent surveillance
Abstract Background Safety of HPV vaccines is still in question due to reports of autoimmune diseases (ADs) following HPV immunization. Objectives To assess the risk of ADs associated with HPV vaccination of female adolescents/young adults in France. Methods Systematic prospective case-referent stud...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of autoimmunity 2017-05, Vol.79, p.84-90 |
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| creator | Grimaldi-Bensouda, Lamiae Rossignol, Michel Koné-Paut, Isabelle Krivitzky, Alain Lebrun-Frenay, Christine Clet, Johanna Brassat, David Papeix, Caroline Nicolino, Marc Benhamou, Pierre-Yves Fain, Olivier Costedoat-Chalumeau, Nathalie Courcoux, Marie-France Viallard, Jean-François Godeau, Bertrand Papo, Thomas Vermersch, Patrick Bourgault-Villada, Isabelle Breart, Gerard Abenhaim, Lucien |
| description | Abstract Background Safety of HPV vaccines is still in question due to reports of autoimmune diseases (ADs) following HPV immunization. Objectives To assess the risk of ADs associated with HPV vaccination of female adolescents/young adults in France. Methods Systematic prospective case-referent study conducted to assess the risks associated with real-life use of HPV vaccines. Cases were female 11–25 years old with incident ADs [central demyelination/multiple sclerosis (CD/MS), connective tissue disease (CTD), Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), type-1 diabetes (T1D), autoimmune thyroiditis (AT), and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)]. Cases were consecutively and prospectively identified at specialized centers across France (2008–2014) and individually matched by age and place of residence to referents recruited in general practice. Risk was computed using multivariate conditional logistic regression models adjusted for family history of ADs, living in France (north/south), co-medications and co-vaccinations. Results With a total of 478 definite cases matched to 1869 referents, all ADs combined were negatively associated to HPV vaccination with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.58 (95% confidence interval: 0.41–0.83). Similar results were obtained for CD/MS, AT, CT, and T1D, the last two not reaching statistical significance. No association was found for ITP and GBS. Sensitivity analyses combining definite and possible cases with secondary time window showed similar results. Conclusion Exposure to HPV vaccines was not associated with an increased risk of ADs within the time period studied. Results were robust to case definitions and time windows of exposure. Continued active surveillance is needed to confirm this finding for individual ADs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.01.005 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_hal_p</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_01783748v1</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0896841116302141</els_id><sourcerecordid>1867981831</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-c2f3eaf5bd96363674b130bb05e94968e8966fefaea2e064da24bb4633f682063</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9ks1u1DAUhS0EokPhBVggL9tFgm-cOA5CSFUFDNJIIApsLce5UT3Nz9Q3iZi3x9GULlggLyxZ53z2PceMvQaRggD1dp_u7TylmYAyFZAKUTxhGxBVkVRQlE_ZRuhKJToHOGMviPZCABRF8ZydZRoqUYpiw_rvnu742PJIGn3fzwPyxhNaQuJ2aPjt3NuBH-zBd93YW774MBO_2H77dckX65wfkN7xG_-bH9EGWlEumpOALQYcJk5zWDCa7eDwJXvW2o7w1cN-zn5--vjjepvsvn7-cn21S1yuqylxWSvRtkXdVErGVeY1SFHXosAqr5TGOJdqsbVoMxQqb2yW13WupGyVzoSS5-zyxL21nTkE39twNKP1Znu1M-tZjEzLMtcLRO3FSXsI4_2MNJnek8P1wTjOZECrstKg5SrNTlIXRqI44SMbhFkrMXuzVmLWSuIdJlYSTW8e-HPdY_No-dtBFLw_CTAmsngMhpzHmFbjA7rJNKP_P__DP3bX-cE7293hEWk_zmGIWRswlBlhbtZPsf4JUFJkkIP8A5G_sX0</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1867981831</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Risk of autoimmune diseases and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines: Six years of case-referent surveillance</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><creator>Grimaldi-Bensouda, Lamiae ; Rossignol, Michel ; Koné-Paut, Isabelle ; Krivitzky, Alain ; Lebrun-Frenay, Christine ; Clet, Johanna ; Brassat, David ; Papeix, Caroline ; Nicolino, Marc ; Benhamou, Pierre-Yves ; Fain, Olivier ; Costedoat-Chalumeau, Nathalie ; Courcoux, Marie-France ; Viallard, Jean-François ; Godeau, Bertrand ; Papo, Thomas ; Vermersch, Patrick ; Bourgault-Villada, Isabelle ; Breart, Gerard ; Abenhaim, Lucien</creator><creatorcontrib>Grimaldi-Bensouda, Lamiae ; Rossignol, Michel ; Koné-Paut, Isabelle ; Krivitzky, Alain ; Lebrun-Frenay, Christine ; Clet, Johanna ; Brassat, David ; Papeix, Caroline ; Nicolino, Marc ; Benhamou, Pierre-Yves ; Fain, Olivier ; Costedoat-Chalumeau, Nathalie ; Courcoux, Marie-France ; Viallard, Jean-François ; Godeau, Bertrand ; Papo, Thomas ; Vermersch, Patrick ; Bourgault-Villada, Isabelle ; Breart, Gerard ; Abenhaim, Lucien ; the PGRx-AD Study Group ; PGRx-AD Study Group</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract Background Safety of HPV vaccines is still in question due to reports of autoimmune diseases (ADs) following HPV immunization. Objectives To assess the risk of ADs associated with HPV vaccination of female adolescents/young adults in France. Methods Systematic prospective case-referent study conducted to assess the risks associated with real-life use of HPV vaccines. Cases were female 11–25 years old with incident ADs [central demyelination/multiple sclerosis (CD/MS), connective tissue disease (CTD), Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), type-1 diabetes (T1D), autoimmune thyroiditis (AT), and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)]. Cases were consecutively and prospectively identified at specialized centers across France (2008–2014) and individually matched by age and place of residence to referents recruited in general practice. Risk was computed using multivariate conditional logistic regression models adjusted for family history of ADs, living in France (north/south), co-medications and co-vaccinations. Results With a total of 478 definite cases matched to 1869 referents, all ADs combined were negatively associated to HPV vaccination with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.58 (95% confidence interval: 0.41–0.83). Similar results were obtained for CD/MS, AT, CT, and T1D, the last two not reaching statistical significance. No association was found for ITP and GBS. Sensitivity analyses combining definite and possible cases with secondary time window showed similar results. Conclusion Exposure to HPV vaccines was not associated with an increased risk of ADs within the time period studied. Results were robust to case definitions and time windows of exposure. Continued active surveillance is needed to confirm this finding for individual ADs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0896-8411</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9157</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.01.005</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28190705</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Allergy and Immunology ; Autoimmune disease ; Autoimmune Diseases - epidemiology ; Autoimmune Diseases - etiology ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; HPV vaccine ; Humans ; Immunology ; Life Sciences ; Male ; Odds Ratio ; Papillomavirus Infections - complications ; Papillomavirus Infections - prevention & control ; Papillomavirus Vaccines - adverse effects ; Papillomavirus Vaccines - immunology ; Pharmacoepidemiology ; Population Surveillance ; Risk ; Santé publique et épidémiologie ; Vaccinology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Journal of autoimmunity, 2017-05, Vol.79, p.84-90</ispartof><rights>The Authors</rights><rights>2017 The Authors</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-c2f3eaf5bd96363674b130bb05e94968e8966fefaea2e064da24bb4633f682063</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-c2f3eaf5bd96363674b130bb05e94968e8966fefaea2e064da24bb4633f682063</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8531-9971 ; 0000-0003-0637-4778 ; 0000-0003-4074-6125 ; 0000-0002-1555-9021 ; 0000-0002-1974-3870 ; 0000-0003-0997-8817 ; 0000-0002-3713-2416 ; 0000-0001-6430-305X ; 0000-0003-4378-0468</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896841116302141$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,3537,27901,27902,65534</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28190705$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-01783748$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Grimaldi-Bensouda, Lamiae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rossignol, Michel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koné-Paut, Isabelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krivitzky, Alain</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lebrun-Frenay, Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clet, Johanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brassat, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Papeix, Caroline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nicolino, Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benhamou, Pierre-Yves</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fain, Olivier</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Costedoat-Chalumeau, Nathalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Courcoux, Marie-France</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viallard, Jean-François</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Godeau, Bertrand</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Papo, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vermersch, Patrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bourgault-Villada, Isabelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Breart, Gerard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abenhaim, Lucien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>the PGRx-AD Study Group</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PGRx-AD Study Group</creatorcontrib><title>Risk of autoimmune diseases and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines: Six years of case-referent surveillance</title><title>Journal of autoimmunity</title><addtitle>J Autoimmun</addtitle><description>Abstract Background Safety of HPV vaccines is still in question due to reports of autoimmune diseases (ADs) following HPV immunization. Objectives To assess the risk of ADs associated with HPV vaccination of female adolescents/young adults in France. Methods Systematic prospective case-referent study conducted to assess the risks associated with real-life use of HPV vaccines. Cases were female 11–25 years old with incident ADs [central demyelination/multiple sclerosis (CD/MS), connective tissue disease (CTD), Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), type-1 diabetes (T1D), autoimmune thyroiditis (AT), and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)]. Cases were consecutively and prospectively identified at specialized centers across France (2008–2014) and individually matched by age and place of residence to referents recruited in general practice. Risk was computed using multivariate conditional logistic regression models adjusted for family history of ADs, living in France (north/south), co-medications and co-vaccinations. Results With a total of 478 definite cases matched to 1869 referents, all ADs combined were negatively associated to HPV vaccination with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.58 (95% confidence interval: 0.41–0.83). Similar results were obtained for CD/MS, AT, CT, and T1D, the last two not reaching statistical significance. No association was found for ITP and GBS. Sensitivity analyses combining definite and possible cases with secondary time window showed similar results. Conclusion Exposure to HPV vaccines was not associated with an increased risk of ADs within the time period studied. Results were robust to case definitions and time windows of exposure. Continued active surveillance is needed to confirm this finding for individual ADs.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Allergy and Immunology</subject><subject>Autoimmune disease</subject><subject>Autoimmune Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Autoimmune Diseases - etiology</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>HPV vaccine</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Odds Ratio</subject><subject>Papillomavirus Infections - complications</subject><subject>Papillomavirus Infections - prevention & control</subject><subject>Papillomavirus Vaccines - adverse effects</subject><subject>Papillomavirus Vaccines - immunology</subject><subject>Pharmacoepidemiology</subject><subject>Population Surveillance</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>Santé publique et épidémiologie</subject><subject>Vaccinology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0896-8411</issn><issn>1095-9157</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9ks1u1DAUhS0EokPhBVggL9tFgm-cOA5CSFUFDNJIIApsLce5UT3Nz9Q3iZi3x9GULlggLyxZ53z2PceMvQaRggD1dp_u7TylmYAyFZAKUTxhGxBVkVRQlE_ZRuhKJToHOGMviPZCABRF8ZydZRoqUYpiw_rvnu742PJIGn3fzwPyxhNaQuJ2aPjt3NuBH-zBd93YW774MBO_2H77dckX65wfkN7xG_-bH9EGWlEumpOALQYcJk5zWDCa7eDwJXvW2o7w1cN-zn5--vjjepvsvn7-cn21S1yuqylxWSvRtkXdVErGVeY1SFHXosAqr5TGOJdqsbVoMxQqb2yW13WupGyVzoSS5-zyxL21nTkE39twNKP1Znu1M-tZjEzLMtcLRO3FSXsI4_2MNJnek8P1wTjOZECrstKg5SrNTlIXRqI44SMbhFkrMXuzVmLWSuIdJlYSTW8e-HPdY_No-dtBFLw_CTAmsngMhpzHmFbjA7rJNKP_P__DP3bX-cE7293hEWk_zmGIWRswlBlhbtZPsf4JUFJkkIP8A5G_sX0</recordid><startdate>20170501</startdate><enddate>20170501</enddate><creator>Grimaldi-Bensouda, Lamiae</creator><creator>Rossignol, Michel</creator><creator>Koné-Paut, Isabelle</creator><creator>Krivitzky, Alain</creator><creator>Lebrun-Frenay, Christine</creator><creator>Clet, Johanna</creator><creator>Brassat, David</creator><creator>Papeix, Caroline</creator><creator>Nicolino, Marc</creator><creator>Benhamou, Pierre-Yves</creator><creator>Fain, Olivier</creator><creator>Costedoat-Chalumeau, Nathalie</creator><creator>Courcoux, Marie-France</creator><creator>Viallard, Jean-François</creator><creator>Godeau, Bertrand</creator><creator>Papo, Thomas</creator><creator>Vermersch, Patrick</creator><creator>Bourgault-Villada, Isabelle</creator><creator>Breart, Gerard</creator><creator>Abenhaim, Lucien</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>1XC</scope><scope>VOOES</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8531-9971</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0637-4778</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4074-6125</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1555-9021</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-3870</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0997-8817</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3713-2416</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6430-305X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4378-0468</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20170501</creationdate><title>Risk of autoimmune diseases and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines: Six years of case-referent surveillance</title><author>Grimaldi-Bensouda, Lamiae ; Rossignol, Michel ; Koné-Paut, Isabelle ; Krivitzky, Alain ; Lebrun-Frenay, Christine ; Clet, Johanna ; Brassat, David ; Papeix, Caroline ; Nicolino, Marc ; Benhamou, Pierre-Yves ; Fain, Olivier ; Costedoat-Chalumeau, Nathalie ; Courcoux, Marie-France ; Viallard, Jean-François ; Godeau, Bertrand ; Papo, Thomas ; Vermersch, Patrick ; Bourgault-Villada, Isabelle ; Breart, Gerard ; Abenhaim, Lucien</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-c2f3eaf5bd96363674b130bb05e94968e8966fefaea2e064da24bb4633f682063</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Allergy and Immunology</topic><topic>Autoimmune disease</topic><topic>Autoimmune Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Autoimmune Diseases - etiology</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>HPV vaccine</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunology</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Odds Ratio</topic><topic>Papillomavirus Infections - complications</topic><topic>Papillomavirus Infections - prevention & control</topic><topic>Papillomavirus Vaccines - adverse effects</topic><topic>Papillomavirus Vaccines - immunology</topic><topic>Pharmacoepidemiology</topic><topic>Population Surveillance</topic><topic>Risk</topic><topic>Santé publique et épidémiologie</topic><topic>Vaccinology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Grimaldi-Bensouda, Lamiae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rossignol, Michel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koné-Paut, Isabelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krivitzky, Alain</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lebrun-Frenay, Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clet, Johanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brassat, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Papeix, Caroline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nicolino, Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benhamou, Pierre-Yves</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fain, Olivier</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Costedoat-Chalumeau, Nathalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Courcoux, Marie-France</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viallard, Jean-François</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Godeau, Bertrand</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Papo, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vermersch, Patrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bourgault-Villada, Isabelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Breart, Gerard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abenhaim, Lucien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>the PGRx-AD Study Group</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PGRx-AD Study Group</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)</collection><jtitle>Journal of autoimmunity</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Grimaldi-Bensouda, Lamiae</au><au>Rossignol, Michel</au><au>Koné-Paut, Isabelle</au><au>Krivitzky, Alain</au><au>Lebrun-Frenay, Christine</au><au>Clet, Johanna</au><au>Brassat, David</au><au>Papeix, Caroline</au><au>Nicolino, Marc</au><au>Benhamou, Pierre-Yves</au><au>Fain, Olivier</au><au>Costedoat-Chalumeau, Nathalie</au><au>Courcoux, Marie-France</au><au>Viallard, Jean-François</au><au>Godeau, Bertrand</au><au>Papo, Thomas</au><au>Vermersch, Patrick</au><au>Bourgault-Villada, Isabelle</au><au>Breart, Gerard</au><au>Abenhaim, Lucien</au><aucorp>the PGRx-AD Study Group</aucorp><aucorp>PGRx-AD Study Group</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Risk of autoimmune diseases and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines: Six years of case-referent surveillance</atitle><jtitle>Journal of autoimmunity</jtitle><addtitle>J Autoimmun</addtitle><date>2017-05-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>79</volume><spage>84</spage><epage>90</epage><pages>84-90</pages><issn>0896-8411</issn><eissn>1095-9157</eissn><abstract>Abstract Background Safety of HPV vaccines is still in question due to reports of autoimmune diseases (ADs) following HPV immunization. Objectives To assess the risk of ADs associated with HPV vaccination of female adolescents/young adults in France. Methods Systematic prospective case-referent study conducted to assess the risks associated with real-life use of HPV vaccines. Cases were female 11–25 years old with incident ADs [central demyelination/multiple sclerosis (CD/MS), connective tissue disease (CTD), Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), type-1 diabetes (T1D), autoimmune thyroiditis (AT), and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)]. Cases were consecutively and prospectively identified at specialized centers across France (2008–2014) and individually matched by age and place of residence to referents recruited in general practice. Risk was computed using multivariate conditional logistic regression models adjusted for family history of ADs, living in France (north/south), co-medications and co-vaccinations. Results With a total of 478 definite cases matched to 1869 referents, all ADs combined were negatively associated to HPV vaccination with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.58 (95% confidence interval: 0.41–0.83). Similar results were obtained for CD/MS, AT, CT, and T1D, the last two not reaching statistical significance. No association was found for ITP and GBS. Sensitivity analyses combining definite and possible cases with secondary time window showed similar results. Conclusion Exposure to HPV vaccines was not associated with an increased risk of ADs within the time period studied. Results were robust to case definitions and time windows of exposure. Continued active surveillance is needed to confirm this finding for individual ADs.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>28190705</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jaut.2017.01.005</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8531-9971</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0637-4778</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4074-6125</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1555-9021</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-3870</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0997-8817</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3713-2416</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6430-305X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4378-0468</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of autoimmunity, 2017-05, Vol.79, p.84-90 |
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| language | eng |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Allergy and Immunology Autoimmune disease Autoimmune Diseases - epidemiology Autoimmune Diseases - etiology Child Female Follow-Up Studies HPV vaccine Humans Immunology Life Sciences Male Odds Ratio Papillomavirus Infections - complications Papillomavirus Infections - prevention & control Papillomavirus Vaccines - adverse effects Papillomavirus Vaccines - immunology Pharmacoepidemiology Population Surveillance Risk Santé publique et épidémiologie Vaccinology Young Adult |
| title | Risk of autoimmune diseases and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines: Six years of case-referent surveillance |
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