Dynamics of Suspended Sediments during a Dry Season and Their Consequences on Metal Transportation in a Coral Reef Lagoon Impacted by Mining Activities, New Caledonia
Coral reef lagoons of New Caledonia form the second longest barrier reef in the world. The island of New Caledonia is also one of the main producers of nickel (Ni) worldwide. Therefore, understanding the fate of metals in its lagoon waters generated from mining production is essential to improving t...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water (Basel) 2017-05, Vol.9 (5), p.338 |
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| creator | Fernandez, Jean-Michel Meunier, Jean-Dominique Ouillon, Sylvain Moreton, Benjamin Douillet, Pascal Grauby, Olivier |
| description | Coral reef lagoons of New Caledonia form the second longest barrier reef in the world. The island of New Caledonia is also one of the main producers of nickel (Ni) worldwide. Therefore, understanding the fate of metals in its lagoon waters generated from mining production is essential to improving the management of the mining activities and to preserve the ecosystems. In this paper, the vertical fluxes of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and metals were quantified in three bays during a dry season. The vertical particulate flux (on average 37.70 ± 14.60 g·m2·d−1) showed fractions rich in fine particles. In Boulari Bay (moderately impacted by the mining activities), fluxes were mostly influenced by winds and SPM loads. In the highly impacted bay of St Vincent and in the weakly impacted bay of Dumbéa, tide cycles clearly constrained the SPM and metal dynamics. Metals were associated with clay and iron minerals transported by rivers and lagoonal minerals, such as carbonates, and possibly neoformed clay as suggested by an unusually Ni-rich serpentine. Particle aggregation phenomena led to a reduction in the metal concentrations in the SPM, as identified by the decline in the metal distribution constants (Kd). |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/w9050338 |
| format | Article |
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The island of New Caledonia is also one of the main producers of nickel (Ni) worldwide. Therefore, understanding the fate of metals in its lagoon waters generated from mining production is essential to improving the management of the mining activities and to preserve the ecosystems. In this paper, the vertical fluxes of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and metals were quantified in three bays during a dry season. The vertical particulate flux (on average 37.70 ± 14.60 g·m2·d−1) showed fractions rich in fine particles. In Boulari Bay (moderately impacted by the mining activities), fluxes were mostly influenced by winds and SPM loads. In the highly impacted bay of St Vincent and in the weakly impacted bay of Dumbéa, tide cycles clearly constrained the SPM and metal dynamics. Metals were associated with clay and iron minerals transported by rivers and lagoonal minerals, such as carbonates, and possibly neoformed clay as suggested by an unusually Ni-rich serpentine. 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The island of New Caledonia is also one of the main producers of nickel (Ni) worldwide. Therefore, understanding the fate of metals in its lagoon waters generated from mining production is essential to improving the management of the mining activities and to preserve the ecosystems. In this paper, the vertical fluxes of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and metals were quantified in three bays during a dry season. The vertical particulate flux (on average 37.70 ± 14.60 g·m2·d−1) showed fractions rich in fine particles. In Boulari Bay (moderately impacted by the mining activities), fluxes were mostly influenced by winds and SPM loads. In the highly impacted bay of St Vincent and in the weakly impacted bay of Dumbéa, tide cycles clearly constrained the SPM and metal dynamics. Metals were associated with clay and iron minerals transported by rivers and lagoonal minerals, such as carbonates, and possibly neoformed clay as suggested by an unusually Ni-rich serpentine. Particle aggregation phenomena led to a reduction in the metal concentrations in the SPM, as identified by the decline in the metal distribution constants (Kd).</description><subject>Bays</subject><subject>Carbonates</subject><subject>Clay</subject><subject>Clay minerals</subject><subject>Coral reefs</subject><subject>Coral reefs and islands</subject><subject>Dry season</subject><subject>Drying</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Fluctuations</subject><subject>Fluxes</subject><subject>Geochemistry</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Lagoons</subject><subject>Loads (forces)</subject><subject>Metal concentrations</subject><subject>Metals</subject><subject>Minerals</subject><subject>Mines and mineral resources</subject><subject>Mining</subject><subject>Particulate matter</subject><subject>Particulates</subject><subject>Reduction (metal working)</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Sciences of the Universe</subject><subject>Sediments</subject><subject>Serpentine</subject><subject>Strategic management</subject><subject>Suspended sediments</subject><subject>Transportation</subject><subject>Transportation industry</subject><issn>2073-4441</issn><issn>2073-4441</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkd1qGzEQhZfSQEMayCMIetNCnUorrX4ujZM2AaeBxL0W2t2Ro2BLW0lO8Av1OTvGbal0IXH0zczRTNNcMHrJuaFfXg3tKOf6TXPaUsVnQgj29r_7u-a8lGeKSxitO3ra_LraR7cNQyHJk8ddmSCOMJJHGMMWYi1k3OUQ18SRq7xH2ZUUiYsjWT1ByGSRYoGfO4gDYIZI7qC6DVllF8uUcnU1oBgwAsmMLw8AnizdOqF8u53cULFYvyd3IR6qzIcaXkINUD6T7_BKFm4DY4rBvW9OvNsUOP9znjU_vl6vFjez5f2328V8ORu4bOtMOAMj9UZCb0baArSul1xy0NxLBbqTxnulvVK0l15JxhE0wisjeuhZy8-aT8e8T25jpxy2Lu9tcsHezJf2oFEmmdBcvjBkPxzZKSdsQan2Oe1yRHuWGUY7LakWSF0eqTX-xYboU81uwD0Ctj1F8AH1udJKSdHxg4WPx4Ahp1Iy-H8-GLWHKdu_U-a_AQzUmXw</recordid><startdate>20170510</startdate><enddate>20170510</enddate><creator>Fernandez, Jean-Michel</creator><creator>Meunier, Jean-Dominique</creator><creator>Ouillon, Sylvain</creator><creator>Moreton, Benjamin</creator><creator>Douillet, Pascal</creator><creator>Grauby, Olivier</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>1XC</scope><scope>VOOES</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7964-7787</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9012-9139</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0017-5877</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20170510</creationdate><title>Dynamics of Suspended Sediments during a Dry Season and Their Consequences on Metal Transportation in a Coral Reef Lagoon Impacted by Mining Activities, New Caledonia</title><author>Fernandez, Jean-Michel ; 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| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Bays Carbonates Clay Clay minerals Coral reefs Coral reefs and islands Dry season Drying Earth Sciences Ecosystems Environmental Sciences Fluctuations Fluxes Geochemistry Iron Lagoons Loads (forces) Metal concentrations Metals Minerals Mines and mineral resources Mining Particulate matter Particulates Reduction (metal working) Rivers Sciences of the Universe Sediments Serpentine Strategic management Suspended sediments Transportation Transportation industry |
| title | Dynamics of Suspended Sediments during a Dry Season and Their Consequences on Metal Transportation in a Coral Reef Lagoon Impacted by Mining Activities, New Caledonia |
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