Molecular epidemiology of cassava mosaic disease in Madagascar
Cassava is the staple food for hundreds of millions of people in Africa but its cultivation is seriously constrained by cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Madagascar, and in Africa in general. This study identified the cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMGs) involved in CMD in Madagascar and their associat...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Plant pathology 2015-06, Vol.64 (3), p.501-507 |
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| creator | Harimalala, M Chiroleu, F Giraud‐Carrier, C Hoareau, M Zinga, I Randriamampianina, J. A Velombola, S Ranomenjanahary, S Andrianjaka, A Reynaud, B Lefeuvre, P Lett, J.‐M |
| description | Cassava is the staple food for hundreds of millions of people in Africa but its cultivation is seriously constrained by cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Madagascar, and in Africa in general. This study identified the cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMGs) involved in CMD in Madagascar and their associated epidemiological characteristics from countrywide surveys. Molecular characterization of CMGs in Madagascar revealed an unprecedented diversity and co‐occurrence of six viruses: African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV), East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus (EACMCV), East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus (EACMKV), East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV), South African cassava mosaic virus (SACMV) and the recently described Cassava mosaic Madagascar virus (CMMGV). Distinct geographical distributions were observed for the six viruses. While ACMV was more prevalent in the central highlands, EACMV and EACMKV were prevalent in lowlands and coastal regions. Both EACMCV and SACMV occurred in almost all the localities visited. PCR diagnosis revealed that mixed infection (up to four co‐infected viruses) occurred in 21% of the samples and were associated with higher symptom severity scores. Pairwise comparisons of virus associations showed that EACMCV was found in mixed infections more often than expected while ACMV and SACMV were mostly found in single infections. A greater abundance of whiteflies was observed in lowland and coastal areas. Nevertheless, infected cuttings remain the primary source of CMD propagation (95%) in Madagascar. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/ppa.12277 |
| format | Article |
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A ; Velombola, S ; Ranomenjanahary, S ; Andrianjaka, A ; Reynaud, B ; Lefeuvre, P ; Lett, J.‐M</creator><creatorcontrib>Harimalala, M ; Chiroleu, F ; Giraud‐Carrier, C ; Hoareau, M ; Zinga, I ; Randriamampianina, J. A ; Velombola, S ; Ranomenjanahary, S ; Andrianjaka, A ; Reynaud, B ; Lefeuvre, P ; Lett, J.‐M</creatorcontrib><description>Cassava is the staple food for hundreds of millions of people in Africa but its cultivation is seriously constrained by cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Madagascar, and in Africa in general. This study identified the cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMGs) involved in CMD in Madagascar and their associated epidemiological characteristics from countrywide surveys. Molecular characterization of CMGs in Madagascar revealed an unprecedented diversity and co‐occurrence of six viruses: African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV), East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus (EACMCV), East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus (EACMKV), East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV), South African cassava mosaic virus (SACMV) and the recently described Cassava mosaic Madagascar virus (CMMGV). Distinct geographical distributions were observed for the six viruses. While ACMV was more prevalent in the central highlands, EACMV and EACMKV were prevalent in lowlands and coastal regions. Both EACMCV and SACMV occurred in almost all the localities visited. PCR diagnosis revealed that mixed infection (up to four co‐infected viruses) occurred in 21% of the samples and were associated with higher symptom severity scores. Pairwise comparisons of virus associations showed that EACMCV was found in mixed infections more often than expected while ACMV and SACMV were mostly found in single infections. A greater abundance of whiteflies was observed in lowland and coastal areas. Nevertheless, infected cuttings remain the primary source of CMD propagation (95%) in Madagascar.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0032-0862</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-3059</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/ppa.12277</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, etc</publisher><subject>African cassava mosaic virus ; Aleyrodidae ; cassava ; cassava mosaic disease ; cassava mosaic geminiviruses ; coasts ; East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus ; East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus ; East African cassava mosaic virus ; epidemiology ; highlands ; Life Sciences ; lowlands ; Madagascar ; Manihot esculenta ; mixed infection ; molecular diagnosis ; molecular epidemiology ; national surveys ; people ; polymerase chain reaction ; South African cassava mosaic virus ; viruses</subject><ispartof>Plant pathology, 2015-06, Vol.64 (3), p.501-507</ispartof><rights>2014 British Society for Plant Pathology</rights><rights>Plant Pathology © 2015 British Society for Plant Pathology</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><orcidid>0000-0003-2645-8098 ; 0000-0002-4874-5357</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fppa.12277$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fppa.12277$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1411,1427,27903,27904,45553,45554,46387,46811</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.univ-reunion.fr/hal-01456714$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Harimalala, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiroleu, F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giraud‐Carrier, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoareau, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zinga, I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Randriamampianina, J. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Velombola, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ranomenjanahary, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andrianjaka, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reynaud, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lefeuvre, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lett, J.‐M</creatorcontrib><title>Molecular epidemiology of cassava mosaic disease in Madagascar</title><title>Plant pathology</title><description>Cassava is the staple food for hundreds of millions of people in Africa but its cultivation is seriously constrained by cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Madagascar, and in Africa in general. This study identified the cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMGs) involved in CMD in Madagascar and their associated epidemiological characteristics from countrywide surveys. Molecular characterization of CMGs in Madagascar revealed an unprecedented diversity and co‐occurrence of six viruses: African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV), East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus (EACMCV), East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus (EACMKV), East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV), South African cassava mosaic virus (SACMV) and the recently described Cassava mosaic Madagascar virus (CMMGV). Distinct geographical distributions were observed for the six viruses. While ACMV was more prevalent in the central highlands, EACMV and EACMKV were prevalent in lowlands and coastal regions. Both EACMCV and SACMV occurred in almost all the localities visited. PCR diagnosis revealed that mixed infection (up to four co‐infected viruses) occurred in 21% of the samples and were associated with higher symptom severity scores. Pairwise comparisons of virus associations showed that EACMCV was found in mixed infections more often than expected while ACMV and SACMV were mostly found in single infections. A greater abundance of whiteflies was observed in lowland and coastal areas. Nevertheless, infected cuttings remain the primary source of CMD propagation (95%) in Madagascar.</description><subject>African cassava mosaic virus</subject><subject>Aleyrodidae</subject><subject>cassava</subject><subject>cassava mosaic disease</subject><subject>cassava mosaic geminiviruses</subject><subject>coasts</subject><subject>East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus</subject><subject>East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus</subject><subject>East African cassava mosaic virus</subject><subject>epidemiology</subject><subject>highlands</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>lowlands</subject><subject>Madagascar</subject><subject>Manihot esculenta</subject><subject>mixed infection</subject><subject>molecular diagnosis</subject><subject>molecular epidemiology</subject><subject>national surveys</subject><subject>people</subject><subject>polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>South African cassava mosaic virus</subject><subject>viruses</subject><issn>0032-0862</issn><issn>1365-3059</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpdkM1KAzEURoMoWKsLn8ABN7oYm5uZ_MxGKEWt0GJBuw53MpkamTbjxFb69qatuPBucgnny0cOIZdA7yDOoG3xDhiT8oj0IBM8zSgvjkmP0oylVAl2Ss5C-KAUeFGoHrmf-saadYNdYltX2aXzjV9sE18nBkPADSZLH9CZpHLBYrCJWyVTrHCBwWB3Tk5qbIK9-D37ZP748DYap5OXp-fRcJLWORQyLQxDqSQUCKhoyUxdKVWVJQPLS6iNRZZJI4wF4DllVgpjhMpKYQWLWZ71ye3h3XdsdNu5JXZb7dHp8XCid3cUci4k5BuI7M2BbTv_ubbhSy9dMLZpcGX9OmiQikdDjOcRvf6Hfvh1t4o_0SBkwSlValc-OFDfrrHbv3qgeqdcR-V6r1zPZsP9EhNXh0SNXuOic0HPX1l0Hr0XOUia_QBaL3y3</recordid><startdate>201506</startdate><enddate>201506</enddate><creator>Harimalala, M</creator><creator>Chiroleu, F</creator><creator>Giraud‐Carrier, C</creator><creator>Hoareau, M</creator><creator>Zinga, I</creator><creator>Randriamampianina, J. 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A ; Velombola, S ; Ranomenjanahary, S ; Andrianjaka, A ; Reynaud, B ; Lefeuvre, P ; Lett, J.‐M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-f4197-9c2a78719a1a80b2cfd88dbb21e5b1fcea237c6ce115402e76cc683b6e629c253</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>African cassava mosaic virus</topic><topic>Aleyrodidae</topic><topic>cassava</topic><topic>cassava mosaic disease</topic><topic>cassava mosaic geminiviruses</topic><topic>coasts</topic><topic>East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus</topic><topic>East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus</topic><topic>East African cassava mosaic virus</topic><topic>epidemiology</topic><topic>highlands</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>lowlands</topic><topic>Madagascar</topic><topic>Manihot esculenta</topic><topic>mixed infection</topic><topic>molecular diagnosis</topic><topic>molecular epidemiology</topic><topic>national surveys</topic><topic>people</topic><topic>polymerase chain reaction</topic><topic>South African cassava mosaic virus</topic><topic>viruses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Harimalala, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiroleu, F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giraud‐Carrier, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoareau, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zinga, I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Randriamampianina, J. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Velombola, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ranomenjanahary, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andrianjaka, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reynaud, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lefeuvre, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lett, J.‐M</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><jtitle>Plant pathology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Harimalala, M</au><au>Chiroleu, F</au><au>Giraud‐Carrier, C</au><au>Hoareau, M</au><au>Zinga, I</au><au>Randriamampianina, J. A</au><au>Velombola, S</au><au>Ranomenjanahary, S</au><au>Andrianjaka, A</au><au>Reynaud, B</au><au>Lefeuvre, P</au><au>Lett, J.‐M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Molecular epidemiology of cassava mosaic disease in Madagascar</atitle><jtitle>Plant pathology</jtitle><date>2015-06</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>64</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>501</spage><epage>507</epage><pages>501-507</pages><issn>0032-0862</issn><eissn>1365-3059</eissn><abstract>Cassava is the staple food for hundreds of millions of people in Africa but its cultivation is seriously constrained by cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Madagascar, and in Africa in general. This study identified the cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMGs) involved in CMD in Madagascar and their associated epidemiological characteristics from countrywide surveys. Molecular characterization of CMGs in Madagascar revealed an unprecedented diversity and co‐occurrence of six viruses: African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV), East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus (EACMCV), East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus (EACMKV), East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV), South African cassava mosaic virus (SACMV) and the recently described Cassava mosaic Madagascar virus (CMMGV). Distinct geographical distributions were observed for the six viruses. While ACMV was more prevalent in the central highlands, EACMV and EACMKV were prevalent in lowlands and coastal regions. Both EACMCV and SACMV occurred in almost all the localities visited. PCR diagnosis revealed that mixed infection (up to four co‐infected viruses) occurred in 21% of the samples and were associated with higher symptom severity scores. Pairwise comparisons of virus associations showed that EACMCV was found in mixed infections more often than expected while ACMV and SACMV were mostly found in single infections. A greater abundance of whiteflies was observed in lowland and coastal areas. Nevertheless, infected cuttings remain the primary source of CMD propagation (95%) in Madagascar.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Blackwell Scientific Publications, etc</pub><doi>10.1111/ppa.12277</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2645-8098</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4874-5357</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | African cassava mosaic virus Aleyrodidae cassava cassava mosaic disease cassava mosaic geminiviruses coasts East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus East African cassava mosaic virus epidemiology highlands Life Sciences lowlands Madagascar Manihot esculenta mixed infection molecular diagnosis molecular epidemiology national surveys people polymerase chain reaction South African cassava mosaic virus viruses |
| title | Molecular epidemiology of cassava mosaic disease in Madagascar |
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