Microscale insight into the influence of humidity on the mechanical behavior of mudstones
The mechanical behavior of mudstones strongly depends on humidity. In this paper, we present some microstructural insights into this phenomenon gained from a microscale investigation using a novel experimental method. The experimental method consists of combined hydric and mechanical loading tests i...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of Geophysical Research 2015-05, Vol.120 (5), p.3173-3186 |
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| creator | Wang, Linlin Bornert, Michel Héripré, Eva Chanchole, Serge Pouya, Ahmad Halphen, Bernard |
| description | The mechanical behavior of mudstones strongly depends on humidity. In this paper, we present some microstructural insights into this phenomenon gained from a microscale investigation using a novel experimental method. The experimental method consists of combined hydric and mechanical loading tests in environmental scanning electron microscopy, as well as full‐field strain measurement by digital image correlation techniques. The sample is subjected to a stepwise wetting (21%, 80%, and 99% relative humidity); for each equilibrium moisture state, a uniaxial compression test is performed. The microscale observation reveals that humidity‐induced changes in the mechanical behavior of mudstones are controlled by the deformation and microcracking upon wetting. With increasing relative humidity, expansion of pores causes the clay matrix to be softer. In addition, because of the reduction in shear modulus and the lessening of capillary effect, shear bands are prone to appear at a high humidity state. The microcracking upon wetting, which results in predamage of the material, also affects the mechanical behavior. Finally, the sample with more moisture exhibits a more ductile behavior that involves more pronounced microcracking at failure.
Key Points
Novel experimental method based on ESEM and DIC techniques
In situ hydric and mechanical loading tests in ESEM
Microscale insight into humidity‐induced changes in mechanical behavior |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/2015JB011953 |
| format | Article |
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Key Points
Novel experimental method based on ESEM and DIC techniques
In situ hydric and mechanical loading tests in ESEM
Microscale insight into humidity‐induced changes in mechanical behavior</description><identifier>ISSN: 2169-9313</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 0148-0227</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2169-9356</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2156-2202</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/2015JB011953</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Civil Engineering ; Clay ; Compression ; Compression tests ; Correlation analysis ; Crack initiation ; Deformation ; Deformation mechanisms ; digital image correlation ; Digital imaging ; Edge dislocations ; Electron microscopy ; Engineering Sciences ; environmental scanning electron microscopy ; Experimental methods ; Failure ; Fracture mechanics ; full-field strain measurement ; Geophysics ; Géotechnique ; High humidity ; Humidity ; Humidity data ; Measurement ; mechanical behavior ; Mechanical loading ; Mechanical properties ; Microstructure ; Moisture ; mudstones ; Pores ; Porosity ; Relative humidity ; Research methodology ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Shear ; Shear bands ; Shear modulus ; Strain ; Strain measurement ; Wetting</subject><ispartof>Journal of Geophysical Research, 2015-05, Vol.120 (5), p.3173-3186</ispartof><rights>2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a5117-7d5dd0ade0e984f419715844f8ac8b1bf6df2b2f7380c16de6172555d78a60153</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a5117-7d5dd0ade0e984f419715844f8ac8b1bf6df2b2f7380c16de6172555d78a60153</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0729-8925 ; 0000-0001-8295-2766 ; 0000-0002-6964-5793</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2F2015JB011953$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2F2015JB011953$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,777,781,882,1412,1428,27905,27906,45555,45556,46390,46814</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://enpc.hal.science/hal-01286311$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wang, Linlin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bornert, Michel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Héripré, Eva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chanchole, Serge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pouya, Ahmad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Halphen, Bernard</creatorcontrib><title>Microscale insight into the influence of humidity on the mechanical behavior of mudstones</title><title>Journal of Geophysical Research</title><addtitle>J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth</addtitle><description>The mechanical behavior of mudstones strongly depends on humidity. In this paper, we present some microstructural insights into this phenomenon gained from a microscale investigation using a novel experimental method. The experimental method consists of combined hydric and mechanical loading tests in environmental scanning electron microscopy, as well as full‐field strain measurement by digital image correlation techniques. The sample is subjected to a stepwise wetting (21%, 80%, and 99% relative humidity); for each equilibrium moisture state, a uniaxial compression test is performed. The microscale observation reveals that humidity‐induced changes in the mechanical behavior of mudstones are controlled by the deformation and microcracking upon wetting. With increasing relative humidity, expansion of pores causes the clay matrix to be softer. In addition, because of the reduction in shear modulus and the lessening of capillary effect, shear bands are prone to appear at a high humidity state. The microcracking upon wetting, which results in predamage of the material, also affects the mechanical behavior. Finally, the sample with more moisture exhibits a more ductile behavior that involves more pronounced microcracking at failure.
Key Points
Novel experimental method based on ESEM and DIC techniques
In situ hydric and mechanical loading tests in ESEM
Microscale insight into humidity‐induced changes in mechanical behavior</description><subject>Civil Engineering</subject><subject>Clay</subject><subject>Compression</subject><subject>Compression tests</subject><subject>Correlation analysis</subject><subject>Crack initiation</subject><subject>Deformation</subject><subject>Deformation mechanisms</subject><subject>digital image correlation</subject><subject>Digital imaging</subject><subject>Edge dislocations</subject><subject>Electron microscopy</subject><subject>Engineering Sciences</subject><subject>environmental scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Experimental methods</subject><subject>Failure</subject><subject>Fracture mechanics</subject><subject>full-field strain measurement</subject><subject>Geophysics</subject><subject>Géotechnique</subject><subject>High humidity</subject><subject>Humidity</subject><subject>Humidity data</subject><subject>Measurement</subject><subject>mechanical behavior</subject><subject>Mechanical loading</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Microstructure</subject><subject>Moisture</subject><subject>mudstones</subject><subject>Pores</subject><subject>Porosity</subject><subject>Relative humidity</subject><subject>Research methodology</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Shear</subject><subject>Shear bands</subject><subject>Shear modulus</subject><subject>Strain</subject><subject>Strain measurement</subject><subject>Wetting</subject><issn>2169-9313</issn><issn>0148-0227</issn><issn>2169-9356</issn><issn>2156-2202</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kV1L7DAQhosoKOqdP6DglWA9maT56KWf61lWRVHEq5BtEhvtNtq0Hvffn9TK4pW5mfDO804yM0myB-gIEMJ_MAI6PUEABSVryRYGVmQFoWx9dQeymeyG8ILiEVGCfCt5unJl60OpapO6Jrjnqoux82lXDYKte9OUJvU2rfqF065bpr75Si5MWanGRWc6N5X6cL4dsEWvQ-cbE3aSDavqYHa_43bycHF-f3qZzW4mf0-PZ5miADzjmmqNlDbIFCK3ORQcqMhzK1Qp5jC3TFs8x5YTgUpg2jDgmFKquVAstky2k4OxbqVq-da6hWqX0isnL49nctAQYMEIwAdEdn9k31r_3pvQyRfft038noQCADDngvxKMVFQikHkkTocqWF-oTV29TggOWxE_txIxMmI_3O1Wf7Kyunk7iQOh_DoykaXC535XLlU-yoZJ5zKx-uJnJ6J28kVEEnIf3f4mNI</recordid><startdate>201505</startdate><enddate>201505</enddate><creator>Wang, Linlin</creator><creator>Bornert, Michel</creator><creator>Héripré, Eva</creator><creator>Chanchole, Serge</creator><creator>Pouya, Ahmad</creator><creator>Halphen, Bernard</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>American Geophysical Union</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>1XC</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0729-8925</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8295-2766</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-5793</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201505</creationdate><title>Microscale insight into the influence of humidity on the mechanical behavior of mudstones</title><author>Wang, Linlin ; Bornert, Michel ; Héripré, Eva ; Chanchole, Serge ; Pouya, Ahmad ; Halphen, Bernard</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a5117-7d5dd0ade0e984f419715844f8ac8b1bf6df2b2f7380c16de6172555d78a60153</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Civil Engineering</topic><topic>Clay</topic><topic>Compression</topic><topic>Compression tests</topic><topic>Correlation analysis</topic><topic>Crack initiation</topic><topic>Deformation</topic><topic>Deformation mechanisms</topic><topic>digital image correlation</topic><topic>Digital imaging</topic><topic>Edge dislocations</topic><topic>Electron microscopy</topic><topic>Engineering Sciences</topic><topic>environmental scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Experimental methods</topic><topic>Failure</topic><topic>Fracture mechanics</topic><topic>full-field strain measurement</topic><topic>Geophysics</topic><topic>Géotechnique</topic><topic>High humidity</topic><topic>Humidity</topic><topic>Humidity data</topic><topic>Measurement</topic><topic>mechanical behavior</topic><topic>Mechanical loading</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Microstructure</topic><topic>Moisture</topic><topic>mudstones</topic><topic>Pores</topic><topic>Porosity</topic><topic>Relative humidity</topic><topic>Research methodology</topic><topic>Scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Shear</topic><topic>Shear bands</topic><topic>Shear modulus</topic><topic>Strain</topic><topic>Strain measurement</topic><topic>Wetting</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wang, Linlin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bornert, Michel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Héripré, Eva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chanchole, Serge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pouya, Ahmad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Halphen, Bernard</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><jtitle>Journal of Geophysical Research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wang, Linlin</au><au>Bornert, Michel</au><au>Héripré, Eva</au><au>Chanchole, Serge</au><au>Pouya, Ahmad</au><au>Halphen, Bernard</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Microscale insight into the influence of humidity on the mechanical behavior of mudstones</atitle><jtitle>Journal of Geophysical Research</jtitle><addtitle>J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth</addtitle><date>2015-05</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>120</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>3173</spage><epage>3186</epage><pages>3173-3186</pages><issn>2169-9313</issn><issn>0148-0227</issn><eissn>2169-9356</eissn><eissn>2156-2202</eissn><abstract>The mechanical behavior of mudstones strongly depends on humidity. In this paper, we present some microstructural insights into this phenomenon gained from a microscale investigation using a novel experimental method. The experimental method consists of combined hydric and mechanical loading tests in environmental scanning electron microscopy, as well as full‐field strain measurement by digital image correlation techniques. The sample is subjected to a stepwise wetting (21%, 80%, and 99% relative humidity); for each equilibrium moisture state, a uniaxial compression test is performed. The microscale observation reveals that humidity‐induced changes in the mechanical behavior of mudstones are controlled by the deformation and microcracking upon wetting. With increasing relative humidity, expansion of pores causes the clay matrix to be softer. In addition, because of the reduction in shear modulus and the lessening of capillary effect, shear bands are prone to appear at a high humidity state. The microcracking upon wetting, which results in predamage of the material, also affects the mechanical behavior. Finally, the sample with more moisture exhibits a more ductile behavior that involves more pronounced microcracking at failure.
Key Points
Novel experimental method based on ESEM and DIC techniques
In situ hydric and mechanical loading tests in ESEM
Microscale insight into humidity‐induced changes in mechanical behavior</abstract><cop>Washington</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1002/2015JB011953</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0729-8925</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8295-2766</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-5793</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Civil Engineering Clay Compression Compression tests Correlation analysis Crack initiation Deformation Deformation mechanisms digital image correlation Digital imaging Edge dislocations Electron microscopy Engineering Sciences environmental scanning electron microscopy Experimental methods Failure Fracture mechanics full-field strain measurement Geophysics Géotechnique High humidity Humidity Humidity data Measurement mechanical behavior Mechanical loading Mechanical properties Microstructure Moisture mudstones Pores Porosity Relative humidity Research methodology Scanning electron microscopy Shear Shear bands Shear modulus Strain Strain measurement Wetting |
| title | Microscale insight into the influence of humidity on the mechanical behavior of mudstones |
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