Treatment performances of French constructed wetlands: results from a database collected over the last 30 years
Approximately 3,500 constructed wetlands (CWs) provide raw wastewater treatment in France for small communities (
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water science and technology 2015-01, Vol.71 (9), p.1333-1339 |
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| creator | Morvannou, A Forquet, N Michel, S Troesch, S Molle, P |
| description | Approximately 3,500 constructed wetlands (CWs) provide raw wastewater treatment in France for small communities ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2166/wst.2015.089 |
| format | Article |
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Built during the past 30 years, most consist of two vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) in series (stages). Many configurations exist, with systems associated with horizontal flow filters or waste stabilization ponds, vertical flow with recirculation, partially saturated systems, etc. A database analyzed 10 years earlier on the classical French system summarized the global performances data. This paper provides a similar analysis of performance data from 415 full-scale two-stage VFCWs from an improved database expanded by monitoring data available from Irstea and the French technical department. Trends presented in the first study are confirmed, exhibiting high chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) removal rates (87%, 93% and 84%, respectively). Typical concentrations at the second-stage outlet are 74 mgCOD L(-1), 17 mgTSS L(-1) and 11 mgTKN L(-1). Pollutant removal performances are summarized in relation to the loads applied at the first treatment stage. While COD and TSS removal rates remain stable over the range of applied loads, the spreading of TKN removal rates increases as applied loads increase.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0273-1223</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-9732</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.089</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25945849</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: IWA Publishing</publisher><subject>Advection ; Artificial wetlands ; Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis ; Chemical oxygen demand ; Data ; Data collection ; Data processing ; Environmental Sciences ; France ; Hydraulics ; Load ; Loads (forces) ; Nitrogen ; Nitrogen - analysis ; Pollutant removal ; Pollutants ; Ponds ; Raw wastewater ; Removal ; Stabilization ponds ; Suspended particulate matter ; Total suspended solids ; Vertical flow ; Vertical mixing ; Waste stabilization ponds ; Waste Water - analysis ; Wastewater ; Wastewater treatment ; Water pollution ; Water Purification - statistics & numerical data ; Wetlands</subject><ispartof>Water science and technology, 2015-01, Vol.71 (9), p.1333-1339</ispartof><rights>Copyright IWA Publishing May 2015</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-bf25a4ec93b8cf5f8f30e5a8529e51defc79198fe262f2f4223e7172a682f8f33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-bf25a4ec93b8cf5f8f30e5a8529e51defc79198fe262f2f4223e7172a682f8f33</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3364-6118 ; 0000-0003-1154-5498</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25945849$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-01243564$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Morvannou, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Forquet, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Michel, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Troesch, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Molle, P</creatorcontrib><title>Treatment performances of French constructed wetlands: results from a database collected over the last 30 years</title><title>Water science and technology</title><addtitle>Water Sci Technol</addtitle><description>Approximately 3,500 constructed wetlands (CWs) provide raw wastewater treatment in France for small communities (<5,000 people equivalent). Built during the past 30 years, most consist of two vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) in series (stages). Many configurations exist, with systems associated with horizontal flow filters or waste stabilization ponds, vertical flow with recirculation, partially saturated systems, etc. A database analyzed 10 years earlier on the classical French system summarized the global performances data. This paper provides a similar analysis of performance data from 415 full-scale two-stage VFCWs from an improved database expanded by monitoring data available from Irstea and the French technical department. Trends presented in the first study are confirmed, exhibiting high chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) removal rates (87%, 93% and 84%, respectively). Typical concentrations at the second-stage outlet are 74 mgCOD L(-1), 17 mgTSS L(-1) and 11 mgTKN L(-1). Pollutant removal performances are summarized in relation to the loads applied at the first treatment stage. While COD and TSS removal rates remain stable over the range of applied loads, the spreading of TKN removal rates increases as applied loads increase.</description><subject>Advection</subject><subject>Artificial wetlands</subject><subject>Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis</subject><subject>Chemical oxygen demand</subject><subject>Data</subject><subject>Data collection</subject><subject>Data processing</subject><subject>Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>France</subject><subject>Hydraulics</subject><subject>Load</subject><subject>Loads (forces)</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Nitrogen - analysis</subject><subject>Pollutant removal</subject><subject>Pollutants</subject><subject>Ponds</subject><subject>Raw wastewater</subject><subject>Removal</subject><subject>Stabilization ponds</subject><subject>Suspended particulate matter</subject><subject>Total suspended solids</subject><subject>Vertical flow</subject><subject>Vertical mixing</subject><subject>Waste stabilization ponds</subject><subject>Waste Water - 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Pollutant removal performances are summarized in relation to the loads applied at the first treatment stage. While COD and TSS removal rates remain stable over the range of applied loads, the spreading of TKN removal rates increases as applied loads increase.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>IWA Publishing</pub><pmid>25945849</pmid><doi>10.2166/wst.2015.089</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3364-6118</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1154-5498</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0273-1223 |
| ispartof | Water science and technology, 2015-01, Vol.71 (9), p.1333-1339 |
| issn | 0273-1223 1996-9732 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Advection Artificial wetlands Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis Chemical oxygen demand Data Data collection Data processing Environmental Sciences France Hydraulics Load Loads (forces) Nitrogen Nitrogen - analysis Pollutant removal Pollutants Ponds Raw wastewater Removal Stabilization ponds Suspended particulate matter Total suspended solids Vertical flow Vertical mixing Waste stabilization ponds Waste Water - analysis Wastewater Wastewater treatment Water pollution Water Purification - statistics & numerical data Wetlands |
| title | Treatment performances of French constructed wetlands: results from a database collected over the last 30 years |
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