HIV-1 infection and risk of vulvovaginal and perianal condylomata acuminata and intraepithelial neoplasia: a prospective cohort study
Information about vulvovaginal and perianal condylomata acuminata and intraepithelial neoplasia in women infected with HIV-1 is needed to develop guidelines for clinical care. Our aim was to investigate the incidence of these lesions in HIV-1-positive and HIV-1-negative women and to examine risk fac...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Lancet (British edition) 2002-01, Vol.359 (9301), p.108-113, Article 108 |
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| creator | Conley, Lois J Ellerbrock, Tedd V Bush, Timothy J Chiasson, Mary Ann Sawo, Dorothy Wright, Thomas C |
| description | Information about vulvovaginal and perianal condylomata acuminata and intraepithelial neoplasia in women infected with HIV-1 is needed to develop guidelines for clinical care. Our aim was to investigate the incidence of these lesions in HIV-1-positive and HIV-1-negative women and to examine risk factors for disease.
In a prospective cohort study, 925 women had a gynaecological examination twice yearly—including colposcopy and tests for human papillomavirus DNA in cervicovaginal lavage—for a median follow-up of 3·2 years (IQR 0·98–4·87).
Vulvovaginal and perianal condylomata acuminata or intraepithelial neoplasia were present in 30 (6%) of 481 HIV-1-positive and four (1%) of 437 HIV-1-negative women (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07368-3 |
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In a prospective cohort study, 925 women had a gynaecological examination twice yearly—including colposcopy and tests for human papillomavirus DNA in cervicovaginal lavage—for a median follow-up of 3·2 years (IQR 0·98–4·87).
Vulvovaginal and perianal condylomata acuminata or intraepithelial neoplasia were present in 30 (6%) of 481 HIV-1-positive and four (1%) of 437 HIV-1-negative women (p<0·0001) at enrolment. Women without lesions at enrolment were included in an incidence analysis. 33 (9%) of 385 HIV-1-positive and two (1%) of 341 HIV-1-negative women developed vulvovaginal or perianal lesions, resulting in an incidence of 2·6 and 0·16 cases per 100 person-years, respectively (relative risk 16, 95% CI 12·9–20·5; p<0·0001). Risk factors for incident lesions included HIV-1 infection (p=0·013), human papillomavirus infection (p=0·0013), lower CD4 T lymphocyte count (p=0·0395), and history of frequent injection of drugs (p=0·0199).
Our results suggest that HIV-1-positive women are at increased risk of development of invasive vulvar carcinoma. Thus, we recommend that, as part of every gynaecological examination, HIV-1-positive women should have a thorough inspection of the vulva and perianal region, and women with abnormalities—except for typical, exophytic condylomata acuminata—should undergo colposcopy and biopsy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0140-6736</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1474-547X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07368-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11809252</identifier><identifier>CODEN: LANCAO</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Abnormalities ; Acquired immune deficiency syndrome ; Adult ; AIDS ; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - diagnosis ; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - epidemiology ; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - immunology ; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - virology ; Anus Diseases - diagnosis ; Anus Diseases - epidemiology ; Anus Diseases - immunology ; Anus Diseases - virology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biopsy ; Cancer therapies ; Case-Control Studies ; CD4 antigen ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Cell number ; Cervical cancer ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia - diagnosis ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia - epidemiology ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia - immunology ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia - virology ; Chemical Sciences ; Cigarettes ; Cohort analysis ; Colposcopy ; Condyloma acuminatum ; Condylomata Acuminata - diagnosis ; Condylomata Acuminata - epidemiology ; Condylomata Acuminata - immunology ; Condylomata Acuminata - virology ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; Disease ; Disease control ; Disease transmission ; DNA ; Drugs ; Female ; Female genital diseases ; Genital cancers ; Gynecology ; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics ; Health risk assessment ; HIV ; HIV Seronegativity ; HIV-1 ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Human papillomavirus ; Human viral diseases ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infections ; Infectious diseases ; Inspection ; Invasiveness ; Lesions ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphocytes T ; Mass Screening - methods ; Medical research ; Medical sciences ; Methadone ; Multivariate analysis ; New York City - epidemiology ; Organic chemistry ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Reproductive system ; Risk analysis ; Risk Factors ; Sexually transmitted diseases ; Smoking ; STD ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications ; Survival Analysis ; Therapeutic Irrigation ; Tumors ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - diagnosis ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - immunology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - virology ; Vaginal Diseases - diagnosis ; Vaginal Diseases - epidemiology ; Vaginal Diseases - immunology ; Vaginal Diseases - virology ; Viral diseases ; Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids ; Vulva ; Vulvar Diseases - diagnosis ; Vulvar Diseases - epidemiology ; Vulvar Diseases - immunology ; Vulvar Diseases - virology ; Women ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>The Lancet (British edition), 2002-01, Vol.359 (9301), p.108-113, Article 108</ispartof><rights>2002 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Lancet Ltd. Jan 12, 2002</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Limited Jan 12, 2002</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c532t-c77313d5c83e89c7353701a5122008be8e73013bcdaa37b45ef8099ef1f843513</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c532t-c77313d5c83e89c7353701a5122008be8e73013bcdaa37b45ef8099ef1f843513</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/198995546?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,3550,27924,27925,45995,64385,64389,72469</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=13418883$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11809252$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-00996952$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Conley, Lois J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ellerbrock, Tedd V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bush, Timothy J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiasson, Mary Ann</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sawo, Dorothy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wright, Thomas C</creatorcontrib><title>HIV-1 infection and risk of vulvovaginal and perianal condylomata acuminata and intraepithelial neoplasia: a prospective cohort study</title><title>The Lancet (British edition)</title><addtitle>Lancet</addtitle><description>Information about vulvovaginal and perianal condylomata acuminata and intraepithelial neoplasia in women infected with HIV-1 is needed to develop guidelines for clinical care. Our aim was to investigate the incidence of these lesions in HIV-1-positive and HIV-1-negative women and to examine risk factors for disease.
In a prospective cohort study, 925 women had a gynaecological examination twice yearly—including colposcopy and tests for human papillomavirus DNA in cervicovaginal lavage—for a median follow-up of 3·2 years (IQR 0·98–4·87).
Vulvovaginal and perianal condylomata acuminata or intraepithelial neoplasia were present in 30 (6%) of 481 HIV-1-positive and four (1%) of 437 HIV-1-negative women (p<0·0001) at enrolment. Women without lesions at enrolment were included in an incidence analysis. 33 (9%) of 385 HIV-1-positive and two (1%) of 341 HIV-1-negative women developed vulvovaginal or perianal lesions, resulting in an incidence of 2·6 and 0·16 cases per 100 person-years, respectively (relative risk 16, 95% CI 12·9–20·5; p<0·0001). Risk factors for incident lesions included HIV-1 infection (p=0·013), human papillomavirus infection (p=0·0013), lower CD4 T lymphocyte count (p=0·0395), and history of frequent injection of drugs (p=0·0199).
Our results suggest that HIV-1-positive women are at increased risk of development of invasive vulvar carcinoma. Thus, we recommend that, as part of every gynaecological examination, HIV-1-positive women should have a thorough inspection of the vulva and perianal region, and women with abnormalities—except for typical, exophytic condylomata acuminata—should undergo colposcopy and biopsy.</description><subject>Abnormalities</subject><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>AIDS</subject><subject>AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - diagnosis</subject><subject>AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - immunology</subject><subject>AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - virology</subject><subject>Anus Diseases - diagnosis</subject><subject>Anus Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Anus Diseases - immunology</subject><subject>Anus Diseases - virology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biopsy</subject><subject>Cancer therapies</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>CD4 antigen</subject><subject>CD4 Lymphocyte Count</subject><subject>Cell number</subject><subject>Cervical cancer</subject><subject>Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia - diagnosis</subject><subject>Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia - immunology</subject><subject>Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia - virology</subject><subject>Chemical Sciences</subject><subject>Cigarettes</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Colposcopy</subject><subject>Condyloma acuminatum</subject><subject>Condylomata Acuminata - diagnosis</subject><subject>Condylomata Acuminata - epidemiology</subject><subject>Condylomata Acuminata - immunology</subject><subject>Condylomata Acuminata - virology</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>Disease</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Female genital diseases</subject><subject>Genital cancers</subject><subject>Gynecology</subject><subject>Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV Seronegativity</subject><subject>HIV-1</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Human papillomavirus</subject><subject>Human viral diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Inspection</subject><subject>Invasiveness</subject><subject>Lesions</subject><subject>Lymphocytes</subject><subject>Lymphocytes T</subject><subject>Mass Screening - methods</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Methadone</subject><subject>Multivariate analysis</subject><subject>New York City - epidemiology</subject><subject>Organic chemistry</subject><subject>Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Proportional Hazards Models</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Reproductive system</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Sexually transmitted diseases</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>STD</subject><subject>Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications</subject><subject>Survival Analysis</subject><subject>Therapeutic Irrigation</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - diagnosis</subject><subject>Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - immunology</subject><subject>Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - virology</subject><subject>Vaginal Diseases - diagnosis</subject><subject>Vaginal Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Vaginal Diseases - immunology</subject><subject>Vaginal Diseases - virology</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><subject>Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids</subject><subject>Vulva</subject><subject>Vulvar Diseases - diagnosis</subject><subject>Vulvar Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Vulvar Diseases - immunology</subject><subject>Vulvar Diseases - virology</subject><subject>Women</subject><subject>Womens health</subject><issn>0140-6736</issn><issn>1474-547X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkduK1DAYgIMo7rj6CEpRBPeimjRJk-qFLIs6CwNeeMC78E-aOlk7TU3SwjyA720yM8yCsHj15_D9Jz6EnhL8mmBSv_mCCcNlLWj9ClcXOEVZ0ntoQZhgJWfix320OCFn6FEINxhjVmP-EJ0RInFT8WqB_iyvv5eksENndLRuKGBoC2_Dr8J1xTz1s5vhpx2g33-MxlvIF-2Gdte7LUQoQE_bRORTQuwQPZjRxo3pbSIH48YegoW3BRSjd2HMjWaTSmycj0WIU7t7jB500Afz5BjP0bePH75eLcvV50_XV5erUnNaxVILQQltuZbUyEYLyqnABDipKozl2kgjKCZ0rVsAKtaMmy7t2ZiOdJJRTug5ujjU3UCvRm-34HfKgVXLy5XKbzjhdcOrObMvDmwa-vdkQlQ3bvJp-aAqXAvBGsnrRD2_iyKNbBrOWYb4AdJp_-BNd-pNsMo21d6myqoUrtTepqIp79mx-LTemvY266gvAS-PAAQNfedh0DbccpQRKWUu9O6fAbSNkH0nWbY_jRHuGOP9IdskNbM1XgVtzaBNa32SqVpn_7PIX795zes</recordid><startdate>20020112</startdate><enddate>20020112</enddate><creator>Conley, Lois J</creator><creator>Ellerbrock, Tedd V</creator><creator>Bush, Timothy J</creator><creator>Chiasson, Mary Ann</creator><creator>Sawo, Dorothy</creator><creator>Wright, Thomas C</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Lancet</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0TT</scope><scope>0TZ</scope><scope>0U~</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88C</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8C2</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>ASE</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FPQ</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K6X</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KB~</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>1XC</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20020112</creationdate><title>HIV-1 infection and risk of vulvovaginal and perianal condylomata acuminata and intraepithelial neoplasia: a prospective cohort study</title><author>Conley, Lois J ; 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Korea</collection><collection>British Nursing Index (BNI) (1985 to Present)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>British Nursing Index</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Newsstand Professional</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Psychology Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><jtitle>The Lancet (British edition)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Conley, Lois J</au><au>Ellerbrock, Tedd V</au><au>Bush, Timothy J</au><au>Chiasson, Mary Ann</au><au>Sawo, Dorothy</au><au>Wright, Thomas C</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>HIV-1 infection and risk of vulvovaginal and perianal condylomata acuminata and intraepithelial neoplasia: a prospective cohort study</atitle><jtitle>The Lancet (British edition)</jtitle><addtitle>Lancet</addtitle><date>2002-01-12</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>359</volume><issue>9301</issue><spage>108</spage><epage>113</epage><pages>108-113</pages><artnum>108</artnum><issn>0140-6736</issn><eissn>1474-547X</eissn><coden>LANCAO</coden><abstract>Information about vulvovaginal and perianal condylomata acuminata and intraepithelial neoplasia in women infected with HIV-1 is needed to develop guidelines for clinical care. Our aim was to investigate the incidence of these lesions in HIV-1-positive and HIV-1-negative women and to examine risk factors for disease.
In a prospective cohort study, 925 women had a gynaecological examination twice yearly—including colposcopy and tests for human papillomavirus DNA in cervicovaginal lavage—for a median follow-up of 3·2 years (IQR 0·98–4·87).
Vulvovaginal and perianal condylomata acuminata or intraepithelial neoplasia were present in 30 (6%) of 481 HIV-1-positive and four (1%) of 437 HIV-1-negative women (p<0·0001) at enrolment. Women without lesions at enrolment were included in an incidence analysis. 33 (9%) of 385 HIV-1-positive and two (1%) of 341 HIV-1-negative women developed vulvovaginal or perianal lesions, resulting in an incidence of 2·6 and 0·16 cases per 100 person-years, respectively (relative risk 16, 95% CI 12·9–20·5; p<0·0001). Risk factors for incident lesions included HIV-1 infection (p=0·013), human papillomavirus infection (p=0·0013), lower CD4 T lymphocyte count (p=0·0395), and history of frequent injection of drugs (p=0·0199).
Our results suggest that HIV-1-positive women are at increased risk of development of invasive vulvar carcinoma. Thus, we recommend that, as part of every gynaecological examination, HIV-1-positive women should have a thorough inspection of the vulva and perianal region, and women with abnormalities—except for typical, exophytic condylomata acuminata—should undergo colposcopy and biopsy.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>11809252</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07368-3</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0140-6736 |
| ispartof | The Lancet (British edition), 2002-01, Vol.359 (9301), p.108-113, Article 108 |
| issn | 0140-6736 1474-547X |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_00996952v1 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete; Business Source Complete; ProQuest Central UK/Ireland |
| subjects | Abnormalities Acquired immune deficiency syndrome Adult AIDS AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - diagnosis AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - epidemiology AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - immunology AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - virology Anus Diseases - diagnosis Anus Diseases - epidemiology Anus Diseases - immunology Anus Diseases - virology Biological and medical sciences Biopsy Cancer therapies Case-Control Studies CD4 antigen CD4 Lymphocyte Count Cell number Cervical cancer Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia - diagnosis Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia - epidemiology Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia - immunology Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia - virology Chemical Sciences Cigarettes Cohort analysis Colposcopy Condyloma acuminatum Condylomata Acuminata - diagnosis Condylomata Acuminata - epidemiology Condylomata Acuminata - immunology Condylomata Acuminata - virology Deoxyribonucleic acid Disease Disease control Disease transmission DNA Drugs Female Female genital diseases Genital cancers Gynecology Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics Health risk assessment HIV HIV Seronegativity HIV-1 Human immunodeficiency virus Human papillomavirus Human viral diseases Humans Incidence Infections Infectious diseases Inspection Invasiveness Lesions Lymphocytes Lymphocytes T Mass Screening - methods Medical research Medical sciences Methadone Multivariate analysis New York City - epidemiology Organic chemistry Polymerase Chain Reaction Prevalence Proportional Hazards Models Prospective Studies Reproductive system Risk analysis Risk Factors Sexually transmitted diseases Smoking STD Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications Survival Analysis Therapeutic Irrigation Tumors Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - diagnosis Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - epidemiology Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - immunology Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - virology Vaginal Diseases - diagnosis Vaginal Diseases - epidemiology Vaginal Diseases - immunology Vaginal Diseases - virology Viral diseases Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids Vulva Vulvar Diseases - diagnosis Vulvar Diseases - epidemiology Vulvar Diseases - immunology Vulvar Diseases - virology Women Womens health |
| title | HIV-1 infection and risk of vulvovaginal and perianal condylomata acuminata and intraepithelial neoplasia: a prospective cohort study |
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