Prion Degradation in Soil: Possible Role of Microbial Enzymes Stimulated by the Decomposition of Buried Carcasses
This study is part of a European project focused on understanding the biotic and abiotic mechanisms involved in the retention and dissemination of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) infectivity in soil in order to propose practical recommendations to limit environmental contamination. A...
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description | This study is part of a European project focused on understanding the biotic and abiotic mechanisms involved in the retention and dissemination of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) infectivity in soil in order to propose practical recommendations to limit environmental contamination. A 1-year field experiment was conducted with lamb carcasses buried in a pasture soil at three depths (25, 45, and 105 cm). Microbial community response to carcasses was monitored through the potential proteolytic activity and substrate induced respiration (SIR). Soil above carcasses and control soil exhibited low proteolytic capacity, whatever the depth of burial. Contrastingly, in soil beneath the carcasses, proteolysis was stimulated. Decomposing carcasses also stimulated SIR, i.e., microbial biomass, suggesting that proteolytic populations specifically developed on lixiviates from animal tissues. Decomposition of soft tissues occurred within 2 months at subsurface while it lasted at least 1 year at deeper depth where proteolytic activities were season-dependent. The ability of soil proteases to degrade the β form of prion protein was shown in vitro and conditions of burial relevant to minimize the risk of prion protein dissemination are discussed. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1021/es060943h |
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A 1-year field experiment was conducted with lamb carcasses buried in a pasture soil at three depths (25, 45, and 105 cm). Microbial community response to carcasses was monitored through the potential proteolytic activity and substrate induced respiration (SIR). Soil above carcasses and control soil exhibited low proteolytic capacity, whatever the depth of burial. Contrastingly, in soil beneath the carcasses, proteolysis was stimulated. Decomposing carcasses also stimulated SIR, i.e., microbial biomass, suggesting that proteolytic populations specifically developed on lixiviates from animal tissues. Decomposition of soft tissues occurred within 2 months at subsurface while it lasted at least 1 year at deeper depth where proteolytic activities were season-dependent. The ability of soil proteases to degrade the β form of prion protein was shown in vitro and conditions of burial relevant to minimize the risk of prion protein dissemination are discussed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/es060943h</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17120560</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ESTHAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Animals ; Applied ecology ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomass ; Decomposition ; Disease transmission ; Ecology, environment ; Ecotoxicology ; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution ; Endopeptidases - metabolism ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General aspects ; Health ; Life Sciences ; Prions ; Prions - metabolism ; Proteases ; Proteins ; Seasons ; Sheep - metabolism ; Sheep - microbiology ; Soil - analysis ; Soil Microbiology ; Soil microorganisms ; Soil Pollutants - analysis ; Spongiform encephalopathies ; Toxicology</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2006-10, Vol.40 (20), p.6324-6329</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2006 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Oct 15, 2006</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a527t-d1cd11cd7974144b6b7c35e650cbe0b5d91ffb63cef008a53f3ee1baeaf0c5573</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a527t-d1cd11cd7974144b6b7c35e650cbe0b5d91ffb63cef008a53f3ee1baeaf0c5573</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es060943h$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es060943h$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,2765,27076,27924,27925,56738,56788</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18196612$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17120560$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-00112753$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rapp, Delphine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Potier, Patrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jocteur-Monrozier, Lucile</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Richaume, Agnès</creatorcontrib><title>Prion Degradation in Soil: Possible Role of Microbial Enzymes Stimulated by the Decomposition of Buried Carcasses</title><title>Environmental science & technology</title><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>This study is part of a European project focused on understanding the biotic and abiotic mechanisms involved in the retention and dissemination of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) infectivity in soil in order to propose practical recommendations to limit environmental contamination. A 1-year field experiment was conducted with lamb carcasses buried in a pasture soil at three depths (25, 45, and 105 cm). Microbial community response to carcasses was monitored through the potential proteolytic activity and substrate induced respiration (SIR). Soil above carcasses and control soil exhibited low proteolytic capacity, whatever the depth of burial. Contrastingly, in soil beneath the carcasses, proteolysis was stimulated. Decomposing carcasses also stimulated SIR, i.e., microbial biomass, suggesting that proteolytic populations specifically developed on lixiviates from animal tissues. Decomposition of soft tissues occurred within 2 months at subsurface while it lasted at least 1 year at deeper depth where proteolytic activities were season-dependent. The ability of soil proteases to degrade the β form of prion protein was shown in vitro and conditions of burial relevant to minimize the risk of prion protein dissemination are discussed.</description><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Applied ecology</subject><subject>Biodegradation, Environmental</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Decomposition</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Ecology, environment</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</subject><subject>Endopeptidases - metabolism</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Health</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Prions</subject><subject>Prions - metabolism</subject><subject>Proteases</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Sheep - metabolism</subject><subject>Sheep - microbiology</subject><subject>Soil - analysis</subject><subject>Soil Microbiology</subject><subject>Soil microorganisms</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Spongiform encephalopathies</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><issn>0013-936X</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc2O0zAUhSMEYjoDC14ARUggsQjcG9c_YTd0BgboiGo6SOwsx3GohyQudoIoK7a8Jk-CS6tGggUL_8j389G59yTJA4RnCDk-NwEYFFOyupVMkOaQUUHxdjIBQJIVhH08So5DuAGAnIC4mxwhxxwog0nSL7x1XXpmPnlVqX57t126dLZ58evHz3ThQrBlY9IrFzdXp5dWe1da1aTn3fdNa0K67G07NKo3VVpu0n5loph27doF-0cufno5eBvLM-W1CsGEe8mdWjXB3N-fJ8mHV-fXs4ts_v71m9npPFM0531Woa4wLl7wKU6nJSu5JtQwCro0UNKqwLouGdGmBhCKkpoYg6UyqgZNKScnydOd7ko1cu1tq_xGOmXlxelcbt_igDDnlHzFyD7ZsWvvvgwm9LK1QZumUZ1xQ5BYCFGIXPwfnHIhgG8VH_0F3rjBd7FhGWNABqKA0WIcawje1AefCHIbrjyEG9mHe8GhbE01kvs0I_B4D6igVVN71WkbRk5gwRjmkct2nA29-XaoK_9ZMk44ldeLZfT47grfLqm8HHWVDmMT_xr8DSzBx0I</recordid><startdate>20061015</startdate><enddate>20061015</enddate><creator>Rapp, Delphine</creator><creator>Potier, Patrick</creator><creator>Jocteur-Monrozier, Lucile</creator><creator>Richaume, Agnès</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>1XC</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20061015</creationdate><title>Prion Degradation in Soil: Possible Role of Microbial Enzymes Stimulated by the Decomposition of Buried Carcasses</title><author>Rapp, Delphine ; Potier, Patrick ; Jocteur-Monrozier, Lucile ; Richaume, Agnès</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a527t-d1cd11cd7974144b6b7c35e650cbe0b5d91ffb63cef008a53f3ee1baeaf0c5573</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Applied ecology</topic><topic>Biodegradation, Environmental</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Decomposition</topic><topic>Disease transmission</topic><topic>Ecology, environment</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</topic><topic>Endopeptidases - metabolism</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Health</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Prions</topic><topic>Prions - metabolism</topic><topic>Proteases</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><topic>Sheep - metabolism</topic><topic>Sheep - microbiology</topic><topic>Soil - analysis</topic><topic>Soil Microbiology</topic><topic>Soil microorganisms</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Spongiform encephalopathies</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rapp, Delphine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Potier, Patrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jocteur-Monrozier, Lucile</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Richaume, Agnès</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rapp, Delphine</au><au>Potier, Patrick</au><au>Jocteur-Monrozier, Lucile</au><au>Richaume, Agnès</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Prion Degradation in Soil: Possible Role of Microbial Enzymes Stimulated by the Decomposition of Buried Carcasses</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>2006-10-15</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>40</volume><issue>20</issue><spage>6324</spage><epage>6329</epage><pages>6324-6329</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><coden>ESTHAG</coden><abstract>This study is part of a European project focused on understanding the biotic and abiotic mechanisms involved in the retention and dissemination of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) infectivity in soil in order to propose practical recommendations to limit environmental contamination. A 1-year field experiment was conducted with lamb carcasses buried in a pasture soil at three depths (25, 45, and 105 cm). Microbial community response to carcasses was monitored through the potential proteolytic activity and substrate induced respiration (SIR). Soil above carcasses and control soil exhibited low proteolytic capacity, whatever the depth of burial. Contrastingly, in soil beneath the carcasses, proteolysis was stimulated. Decomposing carcasses also stimulated SIR, i.e., microbial biomass, suggesting that proteolytic populations specifically developed on lixiviates from animal tissues. Decomposition of soft tissues occurred within 2 months at subsurface while it lasted at least 1 year at deeper depth where proteolytic activities were season-dependent. The ability of soil proteases to degrade the β form of prion protein was shown in vitro and conditions of burial relevant to minimize the risk of prion protein dissemination are discussed.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>17120560</pmid><doi>10.1021/es060943h</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Applied ecology Biodegradation, Environmental Biological and medical sciences Biomass Decomposition Disease transmission Ecology, environment Ecotoxicology Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Endopeptidases - metabolism Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects Health Life Sciences Prions Prions - metabolism Proteases Proteins Seasons Sheep - metabolism Sheep - microbiology Soil - analysis Soil Microbiology Soil microorganisms Soil Pollutants - analysis Spongiform encephalopathies Toxicology |
title | Prion Degradation in Soil: Possible Role of Microbial Enzymes Stimulated by the Decomposition of Buried Carcasses |
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