Total FLC transcript dynamics from divergent paralogue expression explains flowering diversity in Brassica napus
Flowering time is a key adaptive and agronomic trait. In Arabidopsis, natural variation in expression levels of the floral repressor FLC leads to differences in vernalisation. In Brassica napus there are nine copies of FLC. Here, we study how these multiple FLC paralogues determine vernalisation req...
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creator | Calderwood, Alexander Lloyd, Andrew Hepworth, Jo Tudor, Eleri H Jones, Marc Woodhouse, Shannon Bilham, Lorelei Chinoy, Catherine Williams, Kevin Corke, Fiona Doonan, John H Ostergaard, Lars Irwin, Judith A Wells, Rachel Morris, Richard J |
description | Flowering time is a key adaptive and agronomic trait. In Arabidopsis, natural variation in expression levels of the floral repressor FLC leads to differences in vernalisation. In Brassica napus there are nine copies of FLC. Here, we study how these multiple FLC paralogues determine vernalisation requirement as a system. We collected transcriptome time series for Brassica napus spring, winter, semi-winter, and Siberian kale crop types. Modelling was used to link FLC expression dynamics to floral response following vernalisation. We show that relaxed selection pressure has allowed expression of FLC paralogues to diverge, resulting in variation of FLC expression during cold treatment between paralogues and accessions. We find that total FLC expression dynamics best explains differences in cold requirement between cultivars, rather than expression of specific FLC paralogues. The combination of multiple FLC paralogues with different expression dynamics leads to rich behaviour in response to cold and a wide range of vernalisation requirements in B. napus. We find evidence for different strategies to determine the response to cold in existing winter rapeseed accessions. |
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In Arabidopsis, natural variation in expression levels of the floral repressor FLC leads to differences in vernalisation. In Brassica napus there are nine copies of FLC. Here, we study how these multiple FLC paralogues determine vernalisation requirement as a system. We collected transcriptome time series for Brassica napus spring, winter, semi-winter, and Siberian kale crop types. Modelling was used to link FLC expression dynamics to floral response following vernalisation. We show that relaxed selection pressure has allowed expression of FLC paralogues to diverge, resulting in variation of FLC expression during cold treatment between paralogues and accessions. We find that total FLC expression dynamics best explains differences in cold requirement between cultivars, rather than expression of specific FLC paralogues. The combination of multiple FLC paralogues with different expression dynamics leads to rich behaviour in response to cold and a wide range of vernalisation requirements in B. napus. We find evidence for different strategies to determine the response to cold in existing winter rapeseed accessions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0028-646X</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1469-8137</identifier><language>eng</language><subject>ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Brassica napus ; CABBAGE ; DOSAGE Author Information ; EVOLUTION ; flowering locus C ; GENE ; gene dosage balance ; LOCUS-C ; MADS DOMAIN PROTEIN ; modelling ; NATURAL VARIATION ; phenotypic plasticity ; polyploidy ; TIME ; transcriptomics ; vernalisation ; VERNALIZATION</subject><creationdate>2021</creationdate><rights>Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,316,782,786,4026,27867</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Calderwood, Alexander</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lloyd, Andrew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hepworth, Jo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tudor, Eleri H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Woodhouse, Shannon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bilham, Lorelei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chinoy, Catherine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Corke, Fiona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doonan, John H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ostergaard, Lars</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Irwin, Judith A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wells, Rachel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morris, Richard J</creatorcontrib><title>Total FLC transcript dynamics from divergent paralogue expression explains flowering diversity in Brassica napus</title><description>Flowering time is a key adaptive and agronomic trait. In Arabidopsis, natural variation in expression levels of the floral repressor FLC leads to differences in vernalisation. In Brassica napus there are nine copies of FLC. Here, we study how these multiple FLC paralogues determine vernalisation requirement as a system. We collected transcriptome time series for Brassica napus spring, winter, semi-winter, and Siberian kale crop types. Modelling was used to link FLC expression dynamics to floral response following vernalisation. We show that relaxed selection pressure has allowed expression of FLC paralogues to diverge, resulting in variation of FLC expression during cold treatment between paralogues and accessions. We find that total FLC expression dynamics best explains differences in cold requirement between cultivars, rather than expression of specific FLC paralogues. The combination of multiple FLC paralogues with different expression dynamics leads to rich behaviour in response to cold and a wide range of vernalisation requirements in B. napus. We find evidence for different strategies to determine the response to cold in existing winter rapeseed accessions.</description><subject>ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Brassica napus</subject><subject>CABBAGE</subject><subject>DOSAGE Author Information</subject><subject>EVOLUTION</subject><subject>flowering locus C</subject><subject>GENE</subject><subject>gene dosage balance</subject><subject>LOCUS-C</subject><subject>MADS DOMAIN PROTEIN</subject><subject>modelling</subject><subject>NATURAL VARIATION</subject><subject>phenotypic plasticity</subject><subject>polyploidy</subject><subject>TIME</subject><subject>transcriptomics</subject><subject>vernalisation</subject><subject>VERNALIZATION</subject><issn>0028-646X</issn><issn>1469-8137</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ADGLB</sourceid><recordid>eNqdjTFuAjEQRV0ECUK4w1wAyVrAWVpQUIqUFOmswQzLIGNbM94k3D6LkhNQ_V_899-TmVjbtHO3dJ9j86x6sdauV66ZmLLPFSPsPrZQBZMG4VLheEt45aBwknyFI3-RdJQqFBSMuesJ6KcIqXJO9xqR0zCO-ZuEU_dHKNcbcIKN4DAMCAlLry9mdMKoNPvPqWl2b_vt-7w7DwYf-SAUsPqM7FHCeXjy_V3uD-Rbt16-unbxEPQLRjFYnA</recordid><startdate>2021</startdate><enddate>2021</enddate><creator>Calderwood, Alexander</creator><creator>Lloyd, Andrew</creator><creator>Hepworth, Jo</creator><creator>Tudor, Eleri H</creator><creator>Jones, Marc</creator><creator>Woodhouse, Shannon</creator><creator>Bilham, Lorelei</creator><creator>Chinoy, Catherine</creator><creator>Williams, Kevin</creator><creator>Corke, Fiona</creator><creator>Doonan, John H</creator><creator>Ostergaard, Lars</creator><creator>Irwin, Judith A</creator><creator>Wells, Rachel</creator><creator>Morris, Richard J</creator><scope>ADGLB</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2021</creationdate><title>Total FLC transcript dynamics from divergent paralogue expression explains flowering diversity in Brassica napus</title><author>Calderwood, Alexander ; Lloyd, Andrew ; Hepworth, Jo ; Tudor, Eleri H ; Jones, Marc ; Woodhouse, Shannon ; Bilham, Lorelei ; Chinoy, Catherine ; Williams, Kevin ; Corke, Fiona ; Doonan, John H ; Ostergaard, Lars ; Irwin, Judith A ; Wells, Rachel ; Morris, Richard J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-ghent_librecat_oai_archive_ugent_be_86947683</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Brassica napus</topic><topic>CABBAGE</topic><topic>DOSAGE Author Information</topic><topic>EVOLUTION</topic><topic>flowering locus C</topic><topic>GENE</topic><topic>gene dosage balance</topic><topic>LOCUS-C</topic><topic>MADS DOMAIN PROTEIN</topic><topic>modelling</topic><topic>NATURAL VARIATION</topic><topic>phenotypic plasticity</topic><topic>polyploidy</topic><topic>TIME</topic><topic>transcriptomics</topic><topic>vernalisation</topic><topic>VERNALIZATION</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Calderwood, Alexander</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lloyd, Andrew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hepworth, Jo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tudor, Eleri H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Woodhouse, Shannon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bilham, Lorelei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chinoy, Catherine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Corke, Fiona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doonan, John H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ostergaard, Lars</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Irwin, Judith A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wells, Rachel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morris, Richard J</creatorcontrib><collection>Ghent University Academic Bibliography</collection></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Calderwood, Alexander</au><au>Lloyd, Andrew</au><au>Hepworth, Jo</au><au>Tudor, Eleri H</au><au>Jones, Marc</au><au>Woodhouse, Shannon</au><au>Bilham, Lorelei</au><au>Chinoy, Catherine</au><au>Williams, Kevin</au><au>Corke, Fiona</au><au>Doonan, John H</au><au>Ostergaard, Lars</au><au>Irwin, Judith A</au><au>Wells, Rachel</au><au>Morris, Richard J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Total FLC transcript dynamics from divergent paralogue expression explains flowering diversity in Brassica napus</atitle><date>2021</date><risdate>2021</risdate><issn>0028-646X</issn><issn>1469-8137</issn><abstract>Flowering time is a key adaptive and agronomic trait. In Arabidopsis, natural variation in expression levels of the floral repressor FLC leads to differences in vernalisation. In Brassica napus there are nine copies of FLC. Here, we study how these multiple FLC paralogues determine vernalisation requirement as a system. We collected transcriptome time series for Brassica napus spring, winter, semi-winter, and Siberian kale crop types. Modelling was used to link FLC expression dynamics to floral response following vernalisation. We show that relaxed selection pressure has allowed expression of FLC paralogues to diverge, resulting in variation of FLC expression during cold treatment between paralogues and accessions. We find that total FLC expression dynamics best explains differences in cold requirement between cultivars, rather than expression of specific FLC paralogues. The combination of multiple FLC paralogues with different expression dynamics leads to rich behaviour in response to cold and a wide range of vernalisation requirements in B. napus. We find evidence for different strategies to determine the response to cold in existing winter rapeseed accessions.</abstract><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA Biology and Life Sciences Brassica napus CABBAGE DOSAGE Author Information EVOLUTION flowering locus C GENE gene dosage balance LOCUS-C MADS DOMAIN PROTEIN modelling NATURAL VARIATION phenotypic plasticity polyploidy TIME transcriptomics vernalisation VERNALIZATION |
title | Total FLC transcript dynamics from divergent paralogue expression explains flowering diversity in Brassica napus |
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