Winter hydrologic and erosion processes in the U. S. Palouse region; field experimentation and WEPP simulation

Soil erosion by water is detrimental to soil fertility, crop yield, and the environment. For cold areas, knowledge of winter hydrologic processes is critical to determining land-use and management practices for reducing soil loss and protecting land and water resources. Adequate understanding of win...

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Veröffentlicht in:Vadose zone journal 2009-05, Vol.8 (2), p.426-436
Hauptverfasser: Singh, Prabhakar, Wu, Joan Q, McCool, Donald K, Dun, Shuhui, Lin, Chun-Hsu, Morse, John R
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container_issue 2
container_start_page 426
container_title Vadose zone journal
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creator Singh, Prabhakar
Wu, Joan Q
McCool, Donald K
Dun, Shuhui
Lin, Chun-Hsu
Morse, John R
description Soil erosion by water is detrimental to soil fertility, crop yield, and the environment. For cold areas, knowledge of winter hydrologic processes is critical to determining land-use and management practices for reducing soil loss and protecting land and water resources. Adequate understanding of winter processes is also essential to developing models as effective predictive tools. This study evaluated the effects of two contrasting tillage practices on winter hydrologic and erosion processes, and the suitability of the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model with a newly implemented energy-budget-based winter routine for quantifying these processes. Research plots subject to two tillage treatments--continuous tilled bare fallow (CTBF) and no-till (NT) seeding of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Madsen) after spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)--were established at the USDA-ARS Palouse Conservation Field Station, Pullman, WA. The plots were monitored for runoff, erosion, soil temperature, water content, and depths of snow and freeze-thaw during October to May of 2003-2004 through 2006-2007. The NT plot generated negligible runoff and erosion (0.5 mm, 0.2 Mg ha-1) compared with CTBF (323 mm, 547 Mg ha-1). Frost occurred more frequently and was deeper in CTBF, probably due to its lack of residue and shallower snow depth. The modified WEPP model could reasonably reproduce major winter processes, yet it cannot represent all the complicated winter phenomena observed in the field. Continued efforts are needed to further improve the ability of WEPP to properly account for soil freeze-thaw and thus transient soil hydraulic properties and hydrologic and erosion processes.
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Research plots subject to two tillage treatments--continuous tilled bare fallow (CTBF) and no-till (NT) seeding of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Madsen) after spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)--were established at the USDA-ARS Palouse Conservation Field Station, Pullman, WA. The plots were monitored for runoff, erosion, soil temperature, water content, and depths of snow and freeze-thaw during October to May of 2003-2004 through 2006-2007. The NT plot generated negligible runoff and erosion (0.5 mm, 0.2 Mg ha-1) compared with CTBF (323 mm, 547 Mg ha-1). Frost occurred more frequently and was deeper in CTBF, probably due to its lack of residue and shallower snow depth. The modified WEPP model could reasonably reproduce major winter processes, yet it cannot represent all the complicated winter phenomena observed in the field. Continued efforts are needed to further improve the ability of WEPP to properly account for soil freeze-thaw and thus transient soil hydraulic properties and hydrologic and erosion processes.</abstract><pub>Soil Science Society of America</pub><doi>10.2136/vzj2008.0061</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record>
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source Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals
subjects agriculture
Columbia Plateau
conservation
erosion
experimental studies
field studies
freezing
frost depth
Geomorphology
Hydrogeology
Palouse Conservation Field Station
Pullman Washington
quantitative analysis
seasonal variations
simulation
snow depth
soil erosion
soil management
soils
southeastern Washington
thawing
tillage
United States
unsaturated zone
Washington
Water Erosion Prediction Project
Whitman County Washington
title Winter hydrologic and erosion processes in the U. S. Palouse region; field experimentation and WEPP simulation
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