Exploration of advanced forensic techniques in the identification and analysis of biological traces at crime scenes: a focus on the use of luminol/Exploracao de tecnicas forenses avancadas na identificacao e analise de vestigios biologicos em cenas de crime: uma enfase no uso do luminol/Exploracion de tecnicas forenses avanzadas en la identificacion y analisis de evidencia biologica en escenas del crimen: un enfasis en el uso del luminol

This scientific study aims to thoroughly analyze the use of advanced forensic techniques in the identification and analysis of biological evidence at crime scenes, with a focus on the use of luminol. To achieve this purpose, the scientific fundamentals of luminol, its practical applications, limitations, and recent technological advances are explored. The adopted method includes an extensive literature review and critical analysis, addressing case studies and real examples that demonstrate the efficacy of luminol in crime resolution, highlighting its importance both socially and scientifically. The results reveal that luminol has emerged as a valuable tool for revealing hidden biological traces, even in challenging conditions, playing a fundamental role in conducting criminal investigations. Recent advances in technology have significantly contributed to improvements in the sensitivity and accuracy of luminol, strengthening its reliability for forensic professionals. It is concluded that advanced forensic techniques, such as the use of luminol, play a crucial role in the pursuit of truth and ensuring justice. The continuity of research and development of these techniques is essential to further advance the capacity of criminal investigation and to ensure the integrity and effectiveness of the judicial system. Keywords: Biological Traces. Criminal Investigation. Forensic Techniques. Luminol. Este estudo cientifico objetiva analisar minuciosamente o emprego de tecnicas forenses avancadas na identificacao e analise de vestigios biologicos em cenas de crime, com foco no uso do luminol. Para alcancar esse proposito, sao explorados os fundamentos cientificos do luminol, suas aplicacoes praticas, limitacoes e avancos tecnologicos recentes. O metodo adotado inclui uma revisao extensiva da literatura e analise critica, abordando estudos de caso e exemplos reais que evidenciam a eficacia do luminol na resolucao de crimes, destacando sua importancia tanto social quanto cientifica. Os resultados revelam que o luminol emergiu como uma ferramenta valiosa para revelar vestigios biologicos ocultos, mesmo em condicoes desafiadoras, desempenhando um papel fundamental na conducao de investigacoes criminais. Avancos recentes na tecnologia tem contribuido significativamente para melhorias na sensibilidade e precisao do luminol, fortalecendo sua confiabilidade para os profissionais forenses. Conclui-se que as tecnicas forenses avancadas, como o uso do luminol, desempenham um pa