Phenotypic diversity of Cuban rice cultivars obtained by INCA in the period 1984-2020/Diversidad fenotipica de cultivares cubanos de arroz obtenidos por el INCA en el periodo 1984-2020

With the objective of evaluating the phenotypic diversity of Cuban rice cultivars obtained by INCA, supported by morphoagronomic characters and multivariate analysis techniques, this work was developed in Scientific and Technological Base Unit belonging to the National Agricultural Sciences Institute of Cuba. 30 qualitative and 23 quantitative characters were evaluated and data processed through a multiple correlation analysis and multivariate analysis of automatic classification (clusters). The results showed that 11 characters qualitative were homogeneous and 10 were distinctive of some cultivars, within them, the color of the ligule, the leaf blade, node, internode, subnodal ring, stigma, as well as, the position of the apex of the first leaf below the flag leaf, lemma, palea and leaf pubescence, and panicle exertion. There is a positive and significant correlation between yield and grains per panicle; also, between mesocotile and coleoptile length with industrial yield and tillering capacity, respectively. Variation ranges are appreciated in all the quantitative traits evaluated and although the cultivars obtained are genetically related, they differ phenotypically.