Implementation of the Infection Risk Scan

Background A tool, the Infection Risk Scan has been developed to measure the quality of infection control and antimicrobial use. This tool measures various patient-, ward- and care-related variables in a standardized way. We describe the implementation of this tool in nine hospitals in the Dutch/Bel...

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Veröffentlicht in:Antimicrobial resistance & infection control 2022-02, Vol.11 (1)
Hauptverfasser: Verelst, Ma, Willemsen, Ina, Weterings, Veronica, De Waegemaeker, Pascal, Leroux-Roels, Isabelle, Nieuwkoop, Ellen, Saegeman, Veroniek, van Alphen, Lieke, van Kleef-van Koeveringe, Stefanie, Kluytmans-van den Bergh, Marjolein, Kluytmans, Jan, Schuermans, Annette, van den Braak, Nicole, Broucke, Caroline, Buiting, Anton, Coorevits, Liselotte, Dequeker, Sara, Dewulf, Jeroen, Dhaeze, Wouter, Diederen, Bram, Ewalts, Helen, Goossens, Herman, Gyssens, Inge, den Heijer, Casper, Hoebe, Christian, Jamin, Casper, Jansingh, Patricia, De Koster, Sien, Lammens, Christine, Leroux-Roels, Isabel, Masson, Hanna, Van Oosten, Anita, Selva, Natascha Perales, Postma, Merel, Raven, Stijn, Savelkoul, Paul, Sleeckx, Nathalie, van der Slikke, Krista, Stegeman, Arjan, Tobias, Tijs, Tolsma, Paulien, Veenemans, Jacobien, van der Vegt, Dewi, Verhulst, Carlo, Wijkmans, Clementine, Willemse-Smits, Patricia
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container_volume 11
creator Verelst, Ma
Willemsen, Ina
Weterings, Veronica
De Waegemaeker, Pascal
Leroux-Roels, Isabelle
Nieuwkoop, Ellen
Saegeman, Veroniek
van Alphen, Lieke
van Kleef-van Koeveringe, Stefanie
Kluytmans-van den Bergh, Marjolein
Kluytmans, Jan
Schuermans, Annette
van den Braak, Nicole
Broucke, Caroline
Buiting, Anton
Coorevits, Liselotte
Dequeker, Sara
Dewulf, Jeroen
Dhaeze, Wouter
Diederen, Bram
Ewalts, Helen
Goossens, Herman
Gyssens, Inge
den Heijer, Casper
Hoebe, Christian
Jamin, Casper
Jansingh, Patricia
De Koster, Sien
Lammens, Christine
Leroux-Roels, Isabel
Masson, Hanna
Van Oosten, Anita
Selva, Natascha Perales
Postma, Merel
Raven, Stijn
Savelkoul, Paul
Sleeckx, Nathalie
van der Slikke, Krista
Stegeman, Arjan
Tobias, Tijs
Tolsma, Paulien
Veenemans, Jacobien
van der Vegt, Dewi
Verhulst, Carlo
Wijkmans, Clementine
Willemse-Smits, Patricia
description Background A tool, the Infection Risk Scan has been developed to measure the quality of infection control and antimicrobial use. This tool measures various patient-, ward- and care-related variables in a standardized way. We describe the implementation of this tool in nine hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area and the obtained results. Methods The IRIS consists of a set of objective and reproducible measurements: patient comorbidities, (appropriate) use of indwelling medical devices, (appropriate) use of antimicrobial therapy, rectal carriage of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacterales and their clonal relatedness, environmental contamination, hand hygiene performance, personal hygiene of health care workers and presence of infection prevention preconditions. The Infection Risk Scan was implemented by an expert team. In each setting, local infection control practitioners were trained to achieve a standardized implementation of the tool and an unambiguous assessment of data. Results The IRIS was implemented in 34 wards in six Dutch and three Belgian hospitals. The tool provided ward specific results and revealed differences between wards and countries. There were significant differences in the prevalence of ESBL-E carriage between countries (Belgium: 15% versus The Netherlands: 9.6%), environmental contamination (median adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level Belgium: 431 versus median ATP level The Netherlands: 793) and calculated hand hygiene actions based on alcohol based handrub consumption (Belgium: 12.5/day versus The Netherlands: 6.3/day) were found. Conclusion The Infection risk Scan was successfully implemented in multiple hospitals in a large cross-border project and provided data that made the quality of infection control and antimicrobial use more transparent. The observed differences provide potential targets for improvement of the quality of care. Keywords: Infection prevention, Guidelines, Benchmarking, Surveillance
doi_str_mv 10.1186/s13756-022-01083-1
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This tool measures various patient-, ward- and care-related variables in a standardized way. We describe the implementation of this tool in nine hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area and the obtained results. Methods The IRIS consists of a set of objective and reproducible measurements: patient comorbidities, (appropriate) use of indwelling medical devices, (appropriate) use of antimicrobial therapy, rectal carriage of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacterales and their clonal relatedness, environmental contamination, hand hygiene performance, personal hygiene of health care workers and presence of infection prevention preconditions. The Infection Risk Scan was implemented by an expert team. In each setting, local infection control practitioners were trained to achieve a standardized implementation of the tool and an unambiguous assessment of data. Results The IRIS was implemented in 34 wards in six Dutch and three Belgian hospitals. The tool provided ward specific results and revealed differences between wards and countries. There were significant differences in the prevalence of ESBL-E carriage between countries (Belgium: 15% versus The Netherlands: 9.6%), environmental contamination (median adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level Belgium: 431 versus median ATP level The Netherlands: 793) and calculated hand hygiene actions based on alcohol based handrub consumption (Belgium: 12.5/day versus The Netherlands: 6.3/day) were found. Conclusion The Infection risk Scan was successfully implemented in multiple hospitals in a large cross-border project and provided data that made the quality of infection control and antimicrobial use more transparent. The observed differences provide potential targets for improvement of the quality of care. Keywords: Infection prevention, Guidelines, Benchmarking, Surveillance</description><identifier>ISSN: 2047-2994</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2047-2994</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s13756-022-01083-1</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>BioMed Central Ltd</publisher><subject>Adenosine triphosphate ; Belgium ; Beta lactamases ; Comorbidity ; Health aspects ; Hospitals ; Hygiene ; Infection ; Infection control ; Medical care ; Medical equipment ; Muscle proteins ; Netherlands ; Physiological apparatus ; Quality management ; Risk factors</subject><ispartof>Antimicrobial resistance &amp; infection control, 2022-02, Vol.11 (1)</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,860,27901,27902</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Verelst, Ma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Willemsen, Ina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weterings, Veronica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Waegemaeker, Pascal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leroux-Roels, Isabelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nieuwkoop, Ellen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saegeman, Veroniek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Alphen, Lieke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Kleef-van Koeveringe, Stefanie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kluytmans-van den Bergh, Marjolein</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kluytmans, Jan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schuermans, Annette</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van den Braak, Nicole</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Broucke, Caroline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buiting, Anton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coorevits, Liselotte</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dequeker, Sara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dewulf, Jeroen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dhaeze, Wouter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diederen, Bram</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ewalts, Helen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goossens, Herman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gyssens, Inge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>den Heijer, Casper</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoebe, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jamin, Casper</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jansingh, Patricia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Koster, Sien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lammens, Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leroux-Roels, Isabel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masson, Hanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Oosten, Anita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Selva, Natascha Perales</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Postma, Merel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raven, Stijn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Savelkoul, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sleeckx, Nathalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Slikke, Krista</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stegeman, Arjan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tobias, Tijs</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tolsma, Paulien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Veenemans, Jacobien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Vegt, Dewi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verhulst, Carlo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wijkmans, Clementine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Willemse-Smits, Patricia</creatorcontrib><title>Implementation of the Infection Risk Scan</title><title>Antimicrobial resistance &amp; infection control</title><description>Background A tool, the Infection Risk Scan has been developed to measure the quality of infection control and antimicrobial use. This tool measures various patient-, ward- and care-related variables in a standardized way. We describe the implementation of this tool in nine hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area and the obtained results. Methods The IRIS consists of a set of objective and reproducible measurements: patient comorbidities, (appropriate) use of indwelling medical devices, (appropriate) use of antimicrobial therapy, rectal carriage of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacterales and their clonal relatedness, environmental contamination, hand hygiene performance, personal hygiene of health care workers and presence of infection prevention preconditions. The Infection Risk Scan was implemented by an expert team. In each setting, local infection control practitioners were trained to achieve a standardized implementation of the tool and an unambiguous assessment of data. Results The IRIS was implemented in 34 wards in six Dutch and three Belgian hospitals. The tool provided ward specific results and revealed differences between wards and countries. There were significant differences in the prevalence of ESBL-E carriage between countries (Belgium: 15% versus The Netherlands: 9.6%), environmental contamination (median adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level Belgium: 431 versus median ATP level The Netherlands: 793) and calculated hand hygiene actions based on alcohol based handrub consumption (Belgium: 12.5/day versus The Netherlands: 6.3/day) were found. Conclusion The Infection risk Scan was successfully implemented in multiple hospitals in a large cross-border project and provided data that made the quality of infection control and antimicrobial use more transparent. The observed differences provide potential targets for improvement of the quality of care. Keywords: Infection prevention, Guidelines, Benchmarking, Surveillance</description><subject>Adenosine triphosphate</subject><subject>Belgium</subject><subject>Beta lactamases</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Hygiene</subject><subject>Infection</subject><subject>Infection control</subject><subject>Medical care</subject><subject>Medical equipment</subject><subject>Muscle proteins</subject><subject>Netherlands</subject><subject>Physiological apparatus</subject><subject>Quality management</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><issn>2047-2994</issn><issn>2047-2994</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid/><recordid>eNptj0tLQzEQhUNRsLT9A64uuHKRmkymeSxL8XGhUKjuS5pHTb03V8z9_xjURReeWczh8M3AIeSWsyXnWj4ULtRKUgZAGWdaUD4hU2CoKBiDVxf-hixKObMqqVglp-S-7T-70Ic82jENuRliM76Hps0xuJ9gn8pH8-psnpPraLsSFn97RvZPj2-bF7rdPbeb9ZaepALq0QLiMRiF6G3g4LlHZTzzyjgQYLkBLSSiBgZHJivJrQM0Ika1EjNy9_v0ZLtwSDkO45d1fSrusJa1gNZCQ6WW_1B1fOiTG3KIqeYXB99HQ1Fe</recordid><startdate>20220228</startdate><enddate>20220228</enddate><creator>Verelst, Ma</creator><creator>Willemsen, Ina</creator><creator>Weterings, Veronica</creator><creator>De Waegemaeker, Pascal</creator><creator>Leroux-Roels, Isabelle</creator><creator>Nieuwkoop, Ellen</creator><creator>Saegeman, Veroniek</creator><creator>van Alphen, Lieke</creator><creator>van Kleef-van Koeveringe, Stefanie</creator><creator>Kluytmans-van den Bergh, Marjolein</creator><creator>Kluytmans, Jan</creator><creator>Schuermans, Annette</creator><creator>van den Braak, Nicole</creator><creator>Broucke, Caroline</creator><creator>Buiting, Anton</creator><creator>Coorevits, Liselotte</creator><creator>Dequeker, Sara</creator><creator>Dewulf, Jeroen</creator><creator>Dhaeze, Wouter</creator><creator>Diederen, Bram</creator><creator>Ewalts, Helen</creator><creator>Goossens, Herman</creator><creator>Gyssens, Inge</creator><creator>den Heijer, Casper</creator><creator>Hoebe, Christian</creator><creator>Jamin, Casper</creator><creator>Jansingh, Patricia</creator><creator>De Koster, Sien</creator><creator>Lammens, Christine</creator><creator>Leroux-Roels, Isabel</creator><creator>Masson, Hanna</creator><creator>Van Oosten, Anita</creator><creator>Selva, Natascha Perales</creator><creator>Postma, Merel</creator><creator>Raven, Stijn</creator><creator>Savelkoul, Paul</creator><creator>Sleeckx, Nathalie</creator><creator>van der Slikke, Krista</creator><creator>Stegeman, Arjan</creator><creator>Tobias, Tijs</creator><creator>Tolsma, Paulien</creator><creator>Veenemans, Jacobien</creator><creator>van der Vegt, Dewi</creator><creator>Verhulst, Carlo</creator><creator>Wijkmans, Clementine</creator><creator>Willemse-Smits, Patricia</creator><general>BioMed Central Ltd</general><scope/></search><sort><creationdate>20220228</creationdate><title>Implementation of the Infection Risk Scan</title><author>Verelst, Ma ; Willemsen, Ina ; Weterings, Veronica ; De Waegemaeker, Pascal ; Leroux-Roels, Isabelle ; Nieuwkoop, Ellen ; Saegeman, Veroniek ; van Alphen, Lieke ; van Kleef-van Koeveringe, Stefanie ; Kluytmans-van den Bergh, Marjolein ; Kluytmans, Jan ; Schuermans, Annette ; van den Braak, Nicole ; Broucke, Caroline ; Buiting, Anton ; Coorevits, Liselotte ; Dequeker, Sara ; Dewulf, Jeroen ; Dhaeze, Wouter ; Diederen, Bram ; Ewalts, Helen ; Goossens, Herman ; Gyssens, Inge ; den Heijer, Casper ; Hoebe, Christian ; Jamin, Casper ; Jansingh, Patricia ; De Koster, Sien ; Lammens, Christine ; Leroux-Roels, Isabel ; Masson, Hanna ; Van Oosten, Anita ; Selva, Natascha Perales ; Postma, Merel ; Raven, Stijn ; Savelkoul, Paul ; Sleeckx, Nathalie ; van der Slikke, Krista ; Stegeman, Arjan ; Tobias, Tijs ; Tolsma, Paulien ; Veenemans, Jacobien ; van der Vegt, Dewi ; Verhulst, Carlo ; Wijkmans, Clementine ; Willemse-Smits, Patricia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-g672-d4a244be9744dae12d1d479d0d79c232a192836448202b06be91ac2493ff753</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Adenosine triphosphate</topic><topic>Belgium</topic><topic>Beta lactamases</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Hygiene</topic><topic>Infection</topic><topic>Infection control</topic><topic>Medical care</topic><topic>Medical equipment</topic><topic>Muscle proteins</topic><topic>Netherlands</topic><topic>Physiological apparatus</topic><topic>Quality management</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Verelst, Ma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Willemsen, Ina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weterings, Veronica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Waegemaeker, Pascal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leroux-Roels, Isabelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nieuwkoop, Ellen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saegeman, Veroniek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Alphen, Lieke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Kleef-van Koeveringe, Stefanie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kluytmans-van den Bergh, Marjolein</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kluytmans, Jan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schuermans, Annette</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van den Braak, Nicole</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Broucke, Caroline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buiting, Anton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coorevits, Liselotte</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dequeker, Sara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dewulf, Jeroen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dhaeze, Wouter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diederen, Bram</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ewalts, Helen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goossens, Herman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gyssens, Inge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>den Heijer, Casper</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoebe, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jamin, Casper</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jansingh, Patricia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Koster, Sien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lammens, Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leroux-Roels, Isabel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masson, Hanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Oosten, Anita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Selva, Natascha Perales</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Postma, Merel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raven, Stijn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Savelkoul, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sleeckx, Nathalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Slikke, Krista</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stegeman, Arjan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tobias, Tijs</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tolsma, Paulien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Veenemans, Jacobien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Vegt, Dewi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verhulst, Carlo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wijkmans, Clementine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Willemse-Smits, Patricia</creatorcontrib><jtitle>Antimicrobial resistance &amp; infection control</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Verelst, Ma</au><au>Willemsen, Ina</au><au>Weterings, Veronica</au><au>De Waegemaeker, Pascal</au><au>Leroux-Roels, Isabelle</au><au>Nieuwkoop, Ellen</au><au>Saegeman, Veroniek</au><au>van Alphen, Lieke</au><au>van Kleef-van Koeveringe, Stefanie</au><au>Kluytmans-van den Bergh, Marjolein</au><au>Kluytmans, Jan</au><au>Schuermans, Annette</au><au>van den Braak, Nicole</au><au>Broucke, Caroline</au><au>Buiting, Anton</au><au>Coorevits, Liselotte</au><au>Dequeker, Sara</au><au>Dewulf, Jeroen</au><au>Dhaeze, Wouter</au><au>Diederen, Bram</au><au>Ewalts, Helen</au><au>Goossens, Herman</au><au>Gyssens, Inge</au><au>den Heijer, Casper</au><au>Hoebe, Christian</au><au>Jamin, Casper</au><au>Jansingh, Patricia</au><au>De Koster, Sien</au><au>Lammens, Christine</au><au>Leroux-Roels, Isabel</au><au>Masson, Hanna</au><au>Van Oosten, Anita</au><au>Selva, Natascha Perales</au><au>Postma, Merel</au><au>Raven, Stijn</au><au>Savelkoul, Paul</au><au>Sleeckx, Nathalie</au><au>van der Slikke, Krista</au><au>Stegeman, Arjan</au><au>Tobias, Tijs</au><au>Tolsma, Paulien</au><au>Veenemans, Jacobien</au><au>van der Vegt, Dewi</au><au>Verhulst, Carlo</au><au>Wijkmans, Clementine</au><au>Willemse-Smits, Patricia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Implementation of the Infection Risk Scan</atitle><jtitle>Antimicrobial resistance &amp; infection control</jtitle><date>2022-02-28</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><issn>2047-2994</issn><eissn>2047-2994</eissn><abstract>Background A tool, the Infection Risk Scan has been developed to measure the quality of infection control and antimicrobial use. This tool measures various patient-, ward- and care-related variables in a standardized way. We describe the implementation of this tool in nine hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area and the obtained results. Methods The IRIS consists of a set of objective and reproducible measurements: patient comorbidities, (appropriate) use of indwelling medical devices, (appropriate) use of antimicrobial therapy, rectal carriage of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacterales and their clonal relatedness, environmental contamination, hand hygiene performance, personal hygiene of health care workers and presence of infection prevention preconditions. The Infection Risk Scan was implemented by an expert team. In each setting, local infection control practitioners were trained to achieve a standardized implementation of the tool and an unambiguous assessment of data. Results The IRIS was implemented in 34 wards in six Dutch and three Belgian hospitals. The tool provided ward specific results and revealed differences between wards and countries. There were significant differences in the prevalence of ESBL-E carriage between countries (Belgium: 15% versus The Netherlands: 9.6%), environmental contamination (median adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level Belgium: 431 versus median ATP level The Netherlands: 793) and calculated hand hygiene actions based on alcohol based handrub consumption (Belgium: 12.5/day versus The Netherlands: 6.3/day) were found. Conclusion The Infection risk Scan was successfully implemented in multiple hospitals in a large cross-border project and provided data that made the quality of infection control and antimicrobial use more transparent. The observed differences provide potential targets for improvement of the quality of care. Keywords: Infection prevention, Guidelines, Benchmarking, Surveillance</abstract><pub>BioMed Central Ltd</pub><doi>10.1186/s13756-022-01083-1</doi></addata></record>
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source Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access; Springer Nature OA Free Journals
subjects Adenosine triphosphate
Belgium
Beta lactamases
Comorbidity
Health aspects
Hospitals
Hygiene
Infection
Infection control
Medical care
Medical equipment
Muscle proteins
Netherlands
Physiological apparatus
Quality management
Risk factors
title Implementation of the Infection Risk Scan
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