Antirheumatic treatment is associated with reduced serum Syndecan-1 in Rheumatoid Arthritis

The endothelial glycocalyx (EG) is essential for proper function of the endothelium and for vascular integrity, but its role in premature atherogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been studied yet. EG impairment can play a role in pathogenesis of vascular disease, and one of its characteris...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2021-07, Vol.16 (7), p.e0253247-e0253247
Hauptverfasser: Deyab, Gia, Reine, Trine Marita, Vuong, Tram Thu, Jenssen, Trond, Hjeltnes, Gunnbjørg, Agewall, Stefan, Mikkelsen, Knut, Førre, Øystein, Fagerland, Morten Wang, Kolset, Svein Olav, Hollan, Ivana
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creator Deyab, Gia
Reine, Trine Marita
Vuong, Tram Thu
Jenssen, Trond
Hjeltnes, Gunnbjørg
Agewall, Stefan
Mikkelsen, Knut
Førre, Øystein
Fagerland, Morten Wang
Kolset, Svein Olav
Hollan, Ivana
description The endothelial glycocalyx (EG) is essential for proper function of the endothelium and for vascular integrity, but its role in premature atherogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been studied yet. EG impairment can play a role in pathogenesis of vascular disease, and one of its characteristics is shedding of syndecan-1 from endothelial cells. Syndecan-1 shedding is mediated by matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and counteracted by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1. Cardiovascular disease risk in RA is reversible by disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), but the exact modes of action are still unclear. Therefore, we examined effects of DMARDs on syndecan-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in RA patients, and searched for associations between these parameters and inflammatory activity. From the observational PSARA study, we examined 39 patients starting with methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy (in MTX naïve patients, n = 19) or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in combination with MTX (in MTX non-responders, n = 20) due to active RA. Serum syndecan-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured at baseline and after six weeks of treatment. Serum syndecan-1 (p = 0.008) and TIMP-1 (p
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EG impairment can play a role in pathogenesis of vascular disease, and one of its characteristics is shedding of syndecan-1 from endothelial cells. Syndecan-1 shedding is mediated by matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and counteracted by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1. Cardiovascular disease risk in RA is reversible by disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), but the exact modes of action are still unclear. Therefore, we examined effects of DMARDs on syndecan-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in RA patients, and searched for associations between these parameters and inflammatory activity. From the observational PSARA study, we examined 39 patients starting with methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy (in MTX naïve patients, n = 19) or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in combination with MTX (in MTX non-responders, n = 20) due to active RA. Serum syndecan-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured at baseline and after six weeks of treatment. Serum syndecan-1 (p = 0.008) and TIMP-1 (p&lt;0.001) levels decreased after six weeks of anti-rheumatic treatment. Levels of MMP-9 also decreased, but the difference was not statistically significant. The improvement in syndecan-1 levels were independent of changes in inflammatory activity. There was no significant difference in changes in syndecan-1 levels from baseline to 6 weeks between the MTX and TNFi groups, however the change was significant within the MTX group. Six weeks of antirheumatic treatment was associated with reduction in serum levels of syndecan-1, which might reflect reduced syndecan-1 shedding from EG. Thus, it is possible that EG-preserving properties of DMARDs might contribute to their cardioprotective effects. These effects may be at least partly independent of their anti-inflammatory actions. Our findings do not support the notion that syndecan-1 shedding in RA is mediated mainly by increased MMP-9 or decreased TIMP-9 serum concentration.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253247</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34242246</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Francisco: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Antirheumatic agents ; Arthritis ; Atherogenesis ; Atherosclerosis ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Chemokines ; Chronic illnesses ; Disease ; Dosage and administration ; Drug therapy ; Endothelial cells ; Endothelium ; Gelatinase B ; Health aspects ; Health risks ; Health sciences ; Hospitals ; Inflammation ; Laboratories ; Matrix metalloproteinase ; Matrix metalloproteinases ; Measurement ; Medicin och hälsovetenskap ; Medicine ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Membrane proteins ; Metabolism ; Metalloproteinase ; Methotrexate ; Mortality ; Nephrology ; Pathogenesis ; Patients ; Physical Sciences ; Physiological aspects ; R&amp;D ; Research &amp; development ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Rheumatology ; Serum levels ; Shedding ; Statistical analysis ; Syndecan ; Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 ; TNF inhibitors ; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF ; Vascular diseases</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2021-07, Vol.16 (7), p.e0253247-e0253247</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Deyab et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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EG impairment can play a role in pathogenesis of vascular disease, and one of its characteristics is shedding of syndecan-1 from endothelial cells. Syndecan-1 shedding is mediated by matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and counteracted by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1. Cardiovascular disease risk in RA is reversible by disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), but the exact modes of action are still unclear. Therefore, we examined effects of DMARDs on syndecan-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in RA patients, and searched for associations between these parameters and inflammatory activity. From the observational PSARA study, we examined 39 patients starting with methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy (in MTX naïve patients, n = 19) or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in combination with MTX (in MTX non-responders, n = 20) due to active RA. Serum syndecan-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured at baseline and after six weeks of treatment. 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development</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Rheumatoid arthritis</subject><subject>Rheumatology</subject><subject>Serum levels</subject><subject>Shedding</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Syndecan</subject><subject>Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1</subject><subject>TNF inhibitors</subject><subject>Tumor necrosis factor-TNF</subject><subject>Vascular diseases</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>3HK</sourceid><sourceid>D8T</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk0tv1DAUhSMEoqXwD5CIhIRgMYNfieMN0qjiUalSpRbYsLDuxDczLkk8tR1K_z0eJkMbVCSUReyb75zYx75Z9pySOeWSvr10g--hnW9cj3PCCs6EfJAdUsXZrGSEP7wzPsiehHBJSMGrsnycHXDBBGOiPMy-Lfpo_RqHDqKt8-gRYod9zG3IIQRXW4ho8msb17lHM9RpEtAPXX5x0xusoZ_R3Pb5-c7CWZMvfFx7G214mj1qoA34bHwfZV8-vP98_Gl2evbx5HhxOqtlRePMVCWmxTeGN0CYQaxlU2EBSjFYVgBSgqLIiCACG4mkKRSHWiplTFWwouRH2Yud76Z1QY-5BM0KoRQvS6EScbIjjINLvfG2A3-jHVj9u-D8SoNP-29Ri0ZyWciUHCyFLA0QUvIlIggKQgqZvGY7r3CNm2E5cRtL39MIdXIhhCde_ZPfeGduRXshFZJKJkmVtO_GnQ3LDk2dDsZDO7WYfOntWq_cD10lOS3kbTS1tyHaXvfOg6ZpXVIzQUqaiNfjL7y7GjBE3dlQY9tCj27Ypliky6WIKhL68i_0_qxHagUpTts3Lq2s3prqRVlKVRFWsUTN76HSY7CzdbrSjU31ieDNRJCYiD_jCoYQ9MnF-f-zZ1-n7Ks77Bqhjevg2iFa14cpKPZRuhA8Nn-OgRK97ch9GnrbkXrsSP4LdqYnKg</recordid><startdate>20210709</startdate><enddate>20210709</enddate><creator>Deyab, Gia</creator><creator>Reine, Trine Marita</creator><creator>Vuong, Tram Thu</creator><creator>Jenssen, Trond</creator><creator>Hjeltnes, Gunnbjørg</creator><creator>Agewall, Stefan</creator><creator>Mikkelsen, Knut</creator><creator>Førre, Øystein</creator><creator>Fagerland, Morten Wang</creator><creator>Kolset, Svein Olav</creator><creator>Hollan, Ivana</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>3HK</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><scope>D8T</scope><scope>ZZAVC</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6143-1600</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210709</creationdate><title>Antirheumatic treatment is associated with reduced serum Syndecan-1 in Rheumatoid Arthritis</title><author>Deyab, Gia ; 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EG impairment can play a role in pathogenesis of vascular disease, and one of its characteristics is shedding of syndecan-1 from endothelial cells. Syndecan-1 shedding is mediated by matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and counteracted by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1. Cardiovascular disease risk in RA is reversible by disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), but the exact modes of action are still unclear. Therefore, we examined effects of DMARDs on syndecan-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in RA patients, and searched for associations between these parameters and inflammatory activity. From the observational PSARA study, we examined 39 patients starting with methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy (in MTX naïve patients, n = 19) or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in combination with MTX (in MTX non-responders, n = 20) due to active RA. Serum syndecan-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured at baseline and after six weeks of treatment. Serum syndecan-1 (p = 0.008) and TIMP-1 (p&lt;0.001) levels decreased after six weeks of anti-rheumatic treatment. Levels of MMP-9 also decreased, but the difference was not statistically significant. The improvement in syndecan-1 levels were independent of changes in inflammatory activity. There was no significant difference in changes in syndecan-1 levels from baseline to 6 weeks between the MTX and TNFi groups, however the change was significant within the MTX group. Six weeks of antirheumatic treatment was associated with reduction in serum levels of syndecan-1, which might reflect reduced syndecan-1 shedding from EG. Thus, it is possible that EG-preserving properties of DMARDs might contribute to their cardioprotective effects. These effects may be at least partly independent of their anti-inflammatory actions. Our findings do not support the notion that syndecan-1 shedding in RA is mediated mainly by increased MMP-9 or decreased TIMP-9 serum concentration.</abstract><cop>San Francisco</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>34242246</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0253247</doi><tpages>e0253247</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6143-1600</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1932-6203
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issn 1932-6203
1932-6203
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source PLoS; NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central; SWEPUB Freely available online; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; EZB Electronic Journals Library
subjects Antirheumatic agents
Arthritis
Atherogenesis
Atherosclerosis
Biology and Life Sciences
Cardiovascular diseases
Chemokines
Chronic illnesses
Disease
Dosage and administration
Drug therapy
Endothelial cells
Endothelium
Gelatinase B
Health aspects
Health risks
Health sciences
Hospitals
Inflammation
Laboratories
Matrix metalloproteinase
Matrix metalloproteinases
Measurement
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Membrane proteins
Metabolism
Metalloproteinase
Methotrexate
Mortality
Nephrology
Pathogenesis
Patients
Physical Sciences
Physiological aspects
R&D
Research & development
Research and Analysis Methods
Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatology
Serum levels
Shedding
Statistical analysis
Syndecan
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1
TNF inhibitors
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Vascular diseases
title Antirheumatic treatment is associated with reduced serum Syndecan-1 in Rheumatoid Arthritis
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