Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1[alpha] Activates the Transforming Growth Factor-[beta]/SMAD3 Pathway in Kidney Tubular Epithelial Cells
Background: Kidney injury, including chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury, is a worldwide health problem. Hypoxia and transforming growth factor-[beta] (TGF-[beta]) are well-known factors that promote kidney injury. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and SMAD3 are their main downstream transcr...
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Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of nephrology 2016-10, Vol.44 (4), p.276 |
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