A simulated rugby match protocol induces physiological fatigue without decreased individual scrummaging performance
Background: A rugby union game consists of 80 minutes of strenuous exertion. Forwards are required to participate in the arduous activity of scrummaging throughout a game. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify whether rugby-match simulated fatigue modified individual scrummaging tech...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | South African journal of sports medicine 2017-03, Vol.29 (1), p.1-6 |
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| container_title | South African journal of sports medicine |
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| creator | Olivier, B. McKinon, W. Dafkin, C. Kerr, S. Green, A. Meiring, R. |
| description | Background: A rugby union game consists of 80 minutes of strenuous exertion. Forwards are required to participate in the arduous activity of scrummaging throughout a game. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify whether rugby-match simulated fatigue modified individual scrummaging technique and reduced performance. Methods: Twelve forwards (body mass 106.2±13.3 kg; stature 179.5±8.4 cm) had individual scrum kinetics and kinematics assessed prior to and following a protocol that simulated a rugby match. The simulated rugby match protocol required participants to run at various velocities and perform rugby specific tasks. Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) was assessed using a 6-20 Borg scale and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Blood lactate, heart rate and RPE were measured prior to, at mid-point and after the simulated game, while markers of muscle damage (blood creatine kinase activity (CK) and urea) were measured prior to and following the protocol. Results: RPE (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.17159/2078-516X/2017/v29i0a1701 |
| format | Article |
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Forwards are required to participate in the arduous activity of scrummaging throughout a game. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify whether rugby-match simulated fatigue modified individual scrummaging technique and reduced performance. Methods: Twelve forwards (body mass 106.2±13.3 kg; stature 179.5±8.4 cm) had individual scrum kinetics and kinematics assessed prior to and following a protocol that simulated a rugby match. The simulated rugby match protocol required participants to run at various velocities and perform rugby specific tasks. Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) was assessed using a 6-20 Borg scale and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Blood lactate, heart rate and RPE were measured prior to, at mid-point and after the simulated game, while markers of muscle damage (blood creatine kinase activity (CK) and urea) were measured prior to and following the protocol. Results: RPE (p<0.0001) and VAS (p<0.0001) showed significant increases between the pre- and post-simulation values. Of the physiological markers, heart rate (p<0.0001) and blood urea concentration (p=0.004) increased following the match simulation. No significant differences were observed for blood CK (p=0.281), individual scrummaging forces (p=0.433) or in the kinematic variables following the protocol. While physiological fatigue and subjective ratings of physiological fatigue may develop during a rugby simulation, no differences were observed in peak forces or in body kinematics at peak force. Conclusion: Physiological fatigue does not influence individual scrummaging performance and technique.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1015-5163</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2078-516X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.17159/2078-516X/2017/v29i0a1701</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Health and Medical Publishing Group (HMPG)</publisher><subject>Creatine ; Creatine kinase ; Exertion ; Heart rate ; Kinematics ; Kinetics ; Lactates ; Physiological aspects ; Rugby football ; Simulation ; Sports associations ; Urea</subject><ispartof>South African journal of sports medicine, 2017-03, Vol.29 (1), p.1-6</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2017 South African Sports Medicine Association</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,860,27901,27902</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Olivier, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKinon, W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dafkin, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kerr, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meiring, R.</creatorcontrib><title>A simulated rugby match protocol induces physiological fatigue without decreased individual scrummaging performance</title><title>South African journal of sports medicine</title><description>Background: A rugby union game consists of 80 minutes of strenuous exertion. Forwards are required to participate in the arduous activity of scrummaging throughout a game. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify whether rugby-match simulated fatigue modified individual scrummaging technique and reduced performance. Methods: Twelve forwards (body mass 106.2±13.3 kg; stature 179.5±8.4 cm) had individual scrum kinetics and kinematics assessed prior to and following a protocol that simulated a rugby match. The simulated rugby match protocol required participants to run at various velocities and perform rugby specific tasks. Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) was assessed using a 6-20 Borg scale and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Blood lactate, heart rate and RPE were measured prior to, at mid-point and after the simulated game, while markers of muscle damage (blood creatine kinase activity (CK) and urea) were measured prior to and following the protocol. Results: RPE (p<0.0001) and VAS (p<0.0001) showed significant increases between the pre- and post-simulation values. Of the physiological markers, heart rate (p<0.0001) and blood urea concentration (p=0.004) increased following the match simulation. No significant differences were observed for blood CK (p=0.281), individual scrummaging forces (p=0.433) or in the kinematic variables following the protocol. While physiological fatigue and subjective ratings of physiological fatigue may develop during a rugby simulation, no differences were observed in peak forces or in body kinematics at peak force. Conclusion: Physiological fatigue does not influence individual scrummaging performance and technique.</description><subject>Creatine</subject><subject>Creatine kinase</subject><subject>Exertion</subject><subject>Heart rate</subject><subject>Kinematics</subject><subject>Kinetics</subject><subject>Lactates</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Rugby football</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Sports associations</subject><subject>Urea</subject><issn>1015-5163</issn><issn>2078-516X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid/><recordid>eNptj81Lw0AQxRdRsFb_h0VPHtruRzbZHEupXxS8KHgL093ZdCXJlmxS6X_viiIIMod5zPu9B0PINWdzXnBVLgQr9Ezx_C0pXiwOovQMeMH4CZn8eqdkwhlXX1qek4sY3xmTquTFhMQljb4dGxjQ0n6st0fawmB2dN-HIZjQUN_Z0WCk-90x-tCE2htoqIPB1yPSDz_swjhQi6ZHiKkk8f7g7ZigaPqxbaH2XU332LvQt9AZvCRnDpqIVz97Sl7v1i-rh9nm-f5xtdzMap6xcraVKEvlXGacKIXImMpBa4NOotKZRiaUtELZ9EsJaKWxXDLIS6Uh2VrLKbn57q2hwcp3Lgw9mNZHUy1VzjIupS4SNf-HSmOx9SZ06Hy6_wncfgcibH2HQxUB9-O24kwJVq2fVpXJldO5FUJ-Au3Dfns</recordid><startdate>20170301</startdate><enddate>20170301</enddate><creator>Olivier, B.</creator><creator>McKinon, W.</creator><creator>Dafkin, C.</creator><creator>Kerr, S.</creator><creator>Green, A.</creator><creator>Meiring, R.</creator><general>Health and Medical Publishing Group (HMPG)</general><general>South African Sports Medicine Association</general><scope/></search><sort><creationdate>20170301</creationdate><title>A simulated rugby match protocol induces physiological fatigue without decreased individual scrummaging performance</title><author>Olivier, B. ; McKinon, W. ; Dafkin, C. ; Kerr, S. ; Green, A. ; Meiring, R.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-g1409-b3e395ff4cf29224056a88cef3e5848e0253d25d0039aed3cd130a6958a848883</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Creatine</topic><topic>Creatine kinase</topic><topic>Exertion</topic><topic>Heart rate</topic><topic>Kinematics</topic><topic>Kinetics</topic><topic>Lactates</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Rugby football</topic><topic>Simulation</topic><topic>Sports associations</topic><topic>Urea</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Olivier, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKinon, W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dafkin, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kerr, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meiring, R.</creatorcontrib><jtitle>South African journal of sports medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Olivier, B.</au><au>McKinon, W.</au><au>Dafkin, C.</au><au>Kerr, S.</au><au>Green, A.</au><au>Meiring, R.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A simulated rugby match protocol induces physiological fatigue without decreased individual scrummaging performance</atitle><jtitle>South African journal of sports medicine</jtitle><date>2017-03-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>29</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>6</epage><pages>1-6</pages><issn>1015-5163</issn><eissn>2078-516X</eissn><abstract>Background: A rugby union game consists of 80 minutes of strenuous exertion. Forwards are required to participate in the arduous activity of scrummaging throughout a game. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify whether rugby-match simulated fatigue modified individual scrummaging technique and reduced performance. Methods: Twelve forwards (body mass 106.2±13.3 kg; stature 179.5±8.4 cm) had individual scrum kinetics and kinematics assessed prior to and following a protocol that simulated a rugby match. The simulated rugby match protocol required participants to run at various velocities and perform rugby specific tasks. Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) was assessed using a 6-20 Borg scale and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Blood lactate, heart rate and RPE were measured prior to, at mid-point and after the simulated game, while markers of muscle damage (blood creatine kinase activity (CK) and urea) were measured prior to and following the protocol. Results: RPE (p<0.0001) and VAS (p<0.0001) showed significant increases between the pre- and post-simulation values. Of the physiological markers, heart rate (p<0.0001) and blood urea concentration (p=0.004) increased following the match simulation. No significant differences were observed for blood CK (p=0.281), individual scrummaging forces (p=0.433) or in the kinematic variables following the protocol. While physiological fatigue and subjective ratings of physiological fatigue may develop during a rugby simulation, no differences were observed in peak forces or in body kinematics at peak force. Conclusion: Physiological fatigue does not influence individual scrummaging performance and technique.</abstract><pub>Health and Medical Publishing Group (HMPG)</pub><doi>10.17159/2078-516X/2017/v29i0a1701</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | South African journal of sports medicine, 2017-03, Vol.29 (1), p.1-6 |
| issn | 1015-5163 2078-516X |
| language | eng |
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| source | African Journals Online (Open Access); DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Creatine Creatine kinase Exertion Heart rate Kinematics Kinetics Lactates Physiological aspects Rugby football Simulation Sports associations Urea |
| title | A simulated rugby match protocol induces physiological fatigue without decreased individual scrummaging performance |
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