Factors Associated with the Performance of a Blood-Based Interferon-[gamma] Release Assay in Diagnosing Tuberculosis
Indeterminate results are a recognised limitation of interferon-[gamma] release assays (IGRA) in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) and TB disease, especially in children. We investigated whether age and common co-morbidities were associated with IGRA performance in an unsele...
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description | Indeterminate results are a recognised limitation of interferon-[gamma] release assays (IGRA) in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) and TB disease, especially in children. We investigated whether age and common co-morbidities were associated with IGRA performance in an unselected cohort of resettled refugees. A retrospective cross-sectional study of refugees presenting for their post-resettlement health assessment during 2006 and 2007. Refugees were investigated for prevalent infectious diseases, including TB, and for common nutritional deficiencies and haematological abnormalities as part of standard clinical screening protocols. Tuberculosis screening was performed by IGRA; QuantiFERON-TB Gold in 2006 and QuantiFERON-TBGold In-Tube in 2007. Complete data were available on 1130 refugees, of whom 573 (51%) were children less than 17 years and 1041 (92%) were from sub-Saharan Africa. All individuals were HIV negative. A definitive IGRA result was obtained in 1004 (89%) refugees, 264 (26%) of which were positive; 256 (97%) had LTBI and 8 (3%) had TB disease. An indeterminate IGRA result was obtained in 126 (11%) refugees (all failed positive mitogen control). In multivariate analysis, younger age (linear OR = 0.93 [95% CI 0.91-0.95], P |
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We investigated whether age and common co-morbidities were associated with IGRA performance in an unselected cohort of resettled refugees. A retrospective cross-sectional study of refugees presenting for their post-resettlement health assessment during 2006 and 2007. Refugees were investigated for prevalent infectious diseases, including TB, and for common nutritional deficiencies and haematological abnormalities as part of standard clinical screening protocols. Tuberculosis screening was performed by IGRA; QuantiFERON-TB Gold in 2006 and QuantiFERON-TBGold In-Tube in 2007. Complete data were available on 1130 refugees, of whom 573 (51%) were children less than 17 years and 1041 (92%) were from sub-Saharan Africa. All individuals were HIV negative. A definitive IGRA result was obtained in 1004 (89%) refugees, 264 (26%) of which were positive; 256 (97%) had LTBI and 8 (3%) had TB disease. An indeterminate IGRA result was obtained in 126 (11%) refugees (all failed positive mitogen control). In multivariate analysis, younger age (linear OR = 0.93 [95% CI 0.91-0.95], P<0.001), iron deficiency anaemia (2.69 [1.51-4.80], P = 0.001), malaria infection (3.04 [1.51-6.09], P = 0.002), and helminth infection (2.26 [1.48-3.46], P<0.001), but not vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency, were associated with an indeterminate IGRA result. Younger age and a number of common co-morbidities are significantly and independently associated with indeterminate IGRA results in resettled predominantly African refugees.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038556</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>African refugees ; Analysis ; Anemia ; Biological response modifiers ; Communicable diseases ; Diagnosis ; Interferon ; Malaria ; Medical research ; Tuberculosis ; Vitamin D</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2012-06, Vol.7 (6), p.e38556</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2012 Public Library of Science</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,865,27929,27930</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Banfield, Sally</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pascoe, Elaine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thambiran, Aesen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siafarikas, Aris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burgner, David</creatorcontrib><title>Factors Associated with the Performance of a Blood-Based Interferon-[gamma] Release Assay in Diagnosing Tuberculosis</title><title>PloS one</title><description>Indeterminate results are a recognised limitation of interferon-[gamma] release assays (IGRA) in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) and TB disease, especially in children. We investigated whether age and common co-morbidities were associated with IGRA performance in an unselected cohort of resettled refugees. A retrospective cross-sectional study of refugees presenting for their post-resettlement health assessment during 2006 and 2007. Refugees were investigated for prevalent infectious diseases, including TB, and for common nutritional deficiencies and haematological abnormalities as part of standard clinical screening protocols. Tuberculosis screening was performed by IGRA; QuantiFERON-TB Gold in 2006 and QuantiFERON-TBGold In-Tube in 2007. Complete data were available on 1130 refugees, of whom 573 (51%) were children less than 17 years and 1041 (92%) were from sub-Saharan Africa. All individuals were HIV negative. A definitive IGRA result was obtained in 1004 (89%) refugees, 264 (26%) of which were positive; 256 (97%) had LTBI and 8 (3%) had TB disease. An indeterminate IGRA result was obtained in 126 (11%) refugees (all failed positive mitogen control). In multivariate analysis, younger age (linear OR = 0.93 [95% CI 0.91-0.95], P<0.001), iron deficiency anaemia (2.69 [1.51-4.80], P = 0.001), malaria infection (3.04 [1.51-6.09], P = 0.002), and helminth infection (2.26 [1.48-3.46], P<0.001), but not vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency, were associated with an indeterminate IGRA result. Younger age and a number of common co-morbidities are significantly and independently associated with indeterminate IGRA results in resettled predominantly African refugees.</description><subject>African refugees</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Anemia</subject><subject>Biological response modifiers</subject><subject>Communicable diseases</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Interferon</subject><subject>Malaria</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Tuberculosis</subject><subject>Vitamin D</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkE9LwzAYxosoOKffwENAEDy0Jk2bZMdtOh0MJnN6ERnv0rTLaBNpUtRvb0QPG3iQ9_D-eX7Pc3ij6JzghFBOrre2aw3UyZs1KsGYijxnB1GPDGgasxTTw535ODpxbotxTgVjvchPQHrbOjR0zkoNXhXoXfsN8huFHlRb2rYBIxWyJQI0qq0t4hG4QE2ND7JqrYlfKmgaeEULVaugfWfBJ9IG3WiojHXaVGjZrVUruzps7jQ6KqF26uy396Onye1yfB_P5nfT8XAWV4SxLOaYD4RgXNEcBrnIU0nSVAlGmASaCUw5o7yAfECBAi8wK8lalFm5TlOSEiFpP7r4ya2gVittSutbkI12cjXMOCckxyILVPIHFapQjZbhpaUO9z3D1Z4hMF59-Ao651bTx8X_2fnzPnu5w24U1H7jbN15bY3bBb8A5qGXZQ</recordid><startdate>20120612</startdate><enddate>20120612</enddate><creator>Banfield, Sally</creator><creator>Pascoe, Elaine</creator><creator>Thambiran, Aesen</creator><creator>Siafarikas, Aris</creator><creator>Burgner, David</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120612</creationdate><title>Factors Associated with the Performance of a Blood-Based Interferon-[gamma] Release Assay in Diagnosing Tuberculosis</title><author>Banfield, Sally ; Pascoe, Elaine ; Thambiran, Aesen ; Siafarikas, Aris ; Burgner, David</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-g1664-70798867e35a95852c122e8616ca348037637da593a3a7d06f1b8f4fb221218c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>African refugees</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Anemia</topic><topic>Biological response modifiers</topic><topic>Communicable diseases</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Interferon</topic><topic>Malaria</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Tuberculosis</topic><topic>Vitamin D</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Banfield, Sally</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pascoe, Elaine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thambiran, Aesen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siafarikas, Aris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burgner, David</creatorcontrib><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Banfield, Sally</au><au>Pascoe, Elaine</au><au>Thambiran, Aesen</au><au>Siafarikas, Aris</au><au>Burgner, David</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Factors Associated with the Performance of a Blood-Based Interferon-[gamma] Release Assay in Diagnosing Tuberculosis</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><date>2012-06-12</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e38556</spage><pages>e38556-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Indeterminate results are a recognised limitation of interferon-[gamma] release assays (IGRA) in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) and TB disease, especially in children. We investigated whether age and common co-morbidities were associated with IGRA performance in an unselected cohort of resettled refugees. A retrospective cross-sectional study of refugees presenting for their post-resettlement health assessment during 2006 and 2007. Refugees were investigated for prevalent infectious diseases, including TB, and for common nutritional deficiencies and haematological abnormalities as part of standard clinical screening protocols. Tuberculosis screening was performed by IGRA; QuantiFERON-TB Gold in 2006 and QuantiFERON-TBGold In-Tube in 2007. Complete data were available on 1130 refugees, of whom 573 (51%) were children less than 17 years and 1041 (92%) were from sub-Saharan Africa. All individuals were HIV negative. A definitive IGRA result was obtained in 1004 (89%) refugees, 264 (26%) of which were positive; 256 (97%) had LTBI and 8 (3%) had TB disease. An indeterminate IGRA result was obtained in 126 (11%) refugees (all failed positive mitogen control). In multivariate analysis, younger age (linear OR = 0.93 [95% CI 0.91-0.95], P<0.001), iron deficiency anaemia (2.69 [1.51-4.80], P = 0.001), malaria infection (3.04 [1.51-6.09], P = 0.002), and helminth infection (2.26 [1.48-3.46], P<0.001), but not vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency, were associated with an indeterminate IGRA result. Younger age and a number of common co-morbidities are significantly and independently associated with indeterminate IGRA results in resettled predominantly African refugees.</abstract><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0038556</doi><tpages>e38556</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | African refugees Analysis Anemia Biological response modifiers Communicable diseases Diagnosis Interferon Malaria Medical research Tuberculosis Vitamin D |
title | Factors Associated with the Performance of a Blood-Based Interferon-[gamma] Release Assay in Diagnosing Tuberculosis |
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