Liver Enzymes: Interaction Analysis of Smoking with Alcohol Consumption or BMI, Comparing AST and ALT to [gamma]-GT
A detrimental interaction between smoking and alcohol consumption with respect serum [gamma]-glutamyltransferase ([gamma]-GT) has recently been described. The underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The present work aimed to provide further insights by examining similar interactions pertaining to aspa...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2011-11, Vol.6 (11), p.e27951 |
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| creator | Breitling, Lutz P Arndt, Volker Drath, Christoph Brenner, Hermann |
| description | A detrimental interaction between smoking and alcohol consumption with respect serum [gamma]-glutamyltransferase ([gamma]-GT) has recently been described. The underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The present work aimed to provide further insights by examining similar interactions pertaining to aspartate and alanine transaminase (AST, ALT), routine liver markers less prone to enzyme induction. The present cross-sectional analysis was based on records from routine occupational health examinations of 15,281 male employees predominantly of the construction industry, conducted from 1986 to 1992 in Southern Germany. Associations of smoking intensity with log-transformed activities of [gamma]-GT, AST, and ALT were examined in regression models adjusted for potential confounders and including an interaction of smoking with alcohol consumption or body mass index (BMI). Statistically significant interactions of smoking were observed with both alcohol consumption (AST and ALT, each with P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0027951 |
| format | Article |
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The underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The present work aimed to provide further insights by examining similar interactions pertaining to aspartate and alanine transaminase (AST, ALT), routine liver markers less prone to enzyme induction. The present cross-sectional analysis was based on records from routine occupational health examinations of 15,281 male employees predominantly of the construction industry, conducted from 1986 to 1992 in Southern Germany. Associations of smoking intensity with log-transformed activities of [gamma]-GT, AST, and ALT were examined in regression models adjusted for potential confounders and including an interaction of smoking with alcohol consumption or body mass index (BMI). Statistically significant interactions of smoking were observed with both alcohol consumption (AST and ALT, each with P<0.0001) and BMI (AST only, P<0.0001). The interactions all were in the same directions as for [gamma]-GT, i.e. synergistic with alcohol and opposite with BMI. The patterns of interaction between smoking and alcohol consumption or BMI with respect to AST and ALT resembled those observed for [gamma]-GT. This renders enzyme induction a less probable mechanism for these associations, whereas it might implicate exacerbated hepatocellular vulnerability and injury.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027951</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Aspartate ; Associations ; Construction industry ; Drinking (Alcoholic beverages) ; Enzymes ; Liver</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2011-11, Vol.6 (11), p.e27951</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,860,27903,27904</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Breitling, Lutz P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arndt, Volker</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Drath, Christoph</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brenner, Hermann</creatorcontrib><title>Liver Enzymes: Interaction Analysis of Smoking with Alcohol Consumption or BMI, Comparing AST and ALT to [gamma]-GT</title><title>PloS one</title><description>A detrimental interaction between smoking and alcohol consumption with respect serum [gamma]-glutamyltransferase ([gamma]-GT) has recently been described. The underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The present work aimed to provide further insights by examining similar interactions pertaining to aspartate and alanine transaminase (AST, ALT), routine liver markers less prone to enzyme induction. The present cross-sectional analysis was based on records from routine occupational health examinations of 15,281 male employees predominantly of the construction industry, conducted from 1986 to 1992 in Southern Germany. Associations of smoking intensity with log-transformed activities of [gamma]-GT, AST, and ALT were examined in regression models adjusted for potential confounders and including an interaction of smoking with alcohol consumption or body mass index (BMI). Statistically significant interactions of smoking were observed with both alcohol consumption (AST and ALT, each with P<0.0001) and BMI (AST only, P<0.0001). The interactions all were in the same directions as for [gamma]-GT, i.e. synergistic with alcohol and opposite with BMI. The patterns of interaction between smoking and alcohol consumption or BMI with respect to AST and ALT resembled those observed for [gamma]-GT. This renders enzyme induction a less probable mechanism for these associations, whereas it might implicate exacerbated hepatocellular vulnerability and injury.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Aspartate</subject><subject>Associations</subject><subject>Construction industry</subject><subject>Drinking (Alcoholic beverages)</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Liver</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqN0FFLwzAQAOAiCs7pP_AhIAiCrUm7pq1vdcxZqAxc9UVkpGnSZrbJaFp1_noz9WEDH-Qe7ji-O7izrFMEHeQF6Gqp-laS2lkpyRwI3SDy0Z41QJHn2tiF3v5WfWgdab2E0PdCjAeWTsUba8FEfq4bpq9BIjvWEtoJJUFsdq610EBxMG_Uq5AleBddBeKaqkrVYKyk7pvVN1YtuLlPLk2vWZF2Q-N5BogsQJxmoFPguSRNQ17saXZsHXBSa3bym4fW4-0kG9_Z6WyajOPULhHG2HZHLndZzngQBH4ehDgMIaSEQpeFHGJGccExZJD4Ls0hRx6mOfPM7SQvoqjwvaF19rO3JDVbCMlVZ05rhKaLeBTgEKPIx0Y5fygTBWsENR_lwvR3Bi52Bozp2EdXkl7rRTJ_-L-dPe3a8y1bMVJ3lVZ1v3mv3oZf80WXbA</recordid><startdate>20111122</startdate><enddate>20111122</enddate><creator>Breitling, Lutz P</creator><creator>Arndt, Volker</creator><creator>Drath, Christoph</creator><creator>Brenner, Hermann</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20111122</creationdate><title>Liver Enzymes: Interaction Analysis of Smoking with Alcohol Consumption or BMI, Comparing AST and ALT to [gamma]-GT</title><author>Breitling, Lutz P ; Arndt, Volker ; Drath, Christoph ; Brenner, Hermann</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-g1666-242f2ebef7775b7868800cac02e8f06ec6df60e0a52cb0f136cbe3795abd99d53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Aspartate</topic><topic>Associations</topic><topic>Construction industry</topic><topic>Drinking (Alcoholic beverages)</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Liver</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Breitling, Lutz P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arndt, Volker</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Drath, Christoph</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brenner, Hermann</creatorcontrib><collection>Gale in Context : Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Science (Gale in Context)</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Breitling, Lutz P</au><au>Arndt, Volker</au><au>Drath, Christoph</au><au>Brenner, Hermann</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Liver Enzymes: Interaction Analysis of Smoking with Alcohol Consumption or BMI, Comparing AST and ALT to [gamma]-GT</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><date>2011-11-22</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>e27951</spage><pages>e27951-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>A detrimental interaction between smoking and alcohol consumption with respect serum [gamma]-glutamyltransferase ([gamma]-GT) has recently been described. The underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The present work aimed to provide further insights by examining similar interactions pertaining to aspartate and alanine transaminase (AST, ALT), routine liver markers less prone to enzyme induction. The present cross-sectional analysis was based on records from routine occupational health examinations of 15,281 male employees predominantly of the construction industry, conducted from 1986 to 1992 in Southern Germany. Associations of smoking intensity with log-transformed activities of [gamma]-GT, AST, and ALT were examined in regression models adjusted for potential confounders and including an interaction of smoking with alcohol consumption or body mass index (BMI). Statistically significant interactions of smoking were observed with both alcohol consumption (AST and ALT, each with P<0.0001) and BMI (AST only, P<0.0001). The interactions all were in the same directions as for [gamma]-GT, i.e. synergistic with alcohol and opposite with BMI. The patterns of interaction between smoking and alcohol consumption or BMI with respect to AST and ALT resembled those observed for [gamma]-GT. This renders enzyme induction a less probable mechanism for these associations, whereas it might implicate exacerbated hepatocellular vulnerability and injury.</abstract><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0027951</doi><tpages>e27951</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | PubMed (Medline); Public Library of Science; Full-Text Journals in Chemistry (Open access); DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
| subjects | Analysis Aspartate Associations Construction industry Drinking (Alcoholic beverages) Enzymes Liver |
| title | Liver Enzymes: Interaction Analysis of Smoking with Alcohol Consumption or BMI, Comparing AST and ALT to [gamma]-GT |
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