Measurements of persistent organic pollutants in Estonian ambient air /Pusivad orgaanilised saasteained Eesti valisohus

Central and Eastern Europe is a region that is expected to need more data on the concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the ambient air in the future. Passive air sampling is a cheap screening method for comparison of contamination on various sites or for verification of informati...

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Veröffentlicht in:Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences 2015-06, Vol.64 (2), p.184
Hauptverfasser: Roots, Ott, Lukki, Tiit, Pribylova, Petra, Boruvkova, Jana, Kukucka, Petr, Audy, Ondrej, Kalina, Jiri, Klanova, Jana, Holoubek, Ivan, Sweetman, Andrew, Schleicher, Ole
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Central and Eastern Europe is a region that is expected to need more data on the concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the ambient air in the future. Passive air sampling is a cheap screening method for comparison of contamination on various sites or for verification of information obtained by active samplers. Passive air samplers are sensitive enough to mirror even small-scale differences, which makes them capable of monitoring spatial, seasonal, and temporal variations. Different passive air samplers were employed between 1990 and 2013 from time to time in six Estonian air monitoring stations. The concentrations of PCB and its congeners, HCB, PeCB, HCH, and DDT (the same for PBDE, PCN, PCDD/F) in Estonian ambient air were very low, but they allow tracking transboundary air pollution. The main aim of this article is analysis of changes in the ambient air pollution in Estonia during a long period of time (1990-2013). Also, selection of Lahemaa background station for monitoring POPs in the European area is addressed. Key words: persistent organic pollutants, passive air sampling, Estonia, air quality. Enamik pusivatele orgaanilistele uhenditele (POS-idele, persistent organic pollutants (POPs)) puhendatud uuringutest Eesti valisohus on tehtud koostoos teiste riikide teadlastega ja nende riikide finantseeritud. Esimesed POSidele puhendatud koostooprojektid kaivitusid Eestis juba 1990. aastate algul. POS-id on pohiliselt kloori sisaldavad uhendid, mis oma murgisuse, pusivuse ja bioakumuleeruvuse tottu ohustavad inimese tervist ning kahjustavad elusorganisme ja okosusteeme. Oma eeltoodud omaduste tottu voivad POS-id ohu, vee, mulla, elusorganismide, jaatmete ja toidu kaudu kanduda saasteallikatest oige kaugele. Tanapaeval kasutatakse valisohu pusivate orgaaniliste saasteainete sisalduse uurimisel nn passiivseid proovleid. Uldjuhul antakse sisaldused filtrisse pidama jaanud POSide kohta. Ajavahemikul 1990-2013 moodeti POS-ide sisaldusi valisohus pisteliselt jargmistes ohuseirejaamades: Lahemaal, Kundas, Kohtla-Jarvel, Tallinnas, Muugal, Vilsandil ja Tahkusel. POS-ide sisaldused Eesti valisohus on suhteliselt vaikesed, kuid on mojutatud ohusaaste kaugulekandest valjaspool Eestit. Naitena olid 2006. aasta augustis ja septembris POS-ide ning PAH-ide suured sisaldused Kirde- ja Pohja-Eesti seirejaamades tingitud ohusaaste kauglevist. Pohjuseks olid suured metsatulekahjud Venemaa Karjala ja Leningradi oblastis. Lahemaa ohuseirejaam on valitud Euro
ISSN:1736-6046
DOI:10.3176/proc.2015.2.07