Electrochemical Performance and Stress Distribution of Sb/Sb[sub.2]O[sub.3] Nanoparticles as Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries
We synthesize Sb/Sb[sub.2] O[sub.3] nanoparticles by the oxidation of Sb nanoparticles at 100, 200, and 300 °C. The half sodium-ion batteries with Sb/Sb[sub.2] O[sub.3] -200 exhibit the optimal performance with a charge capacity of 540 mAh g[sup.−1] after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g[sup.−1] , maintaining...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Batteries (Basel) 2023-01, Vol.9 (2) |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | We synthesize Sb/Sb[sub.2] O[sub.3] nanoparticles by the oxidation of Sb nanoparticles at 100, 200, and 300 °C. The half sodium-ion batteries with Sb/Sb[sub.2] O[sub.3] -200 exhibit the optimal performance with a charge capacity of 540 mAh g[sup.−1] after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g[sup.−1] , maintaining up to six times more capacity than pure Sb, and superior rate performance with 95.7% retention after cycling at varied current densities. One reason for this is that Sb/Sb[sub.2] O[sub.3] -200 is at exactly the optimum ratio of Sb[sub.2] O[sub.3] :Sb and the particle size of Sb/Sb[sub.2] O[sub.3] to ensure both high capacity for Na[sup.+] and small stress during sodiation/desodiation, which is confirmed by the diffusion-stress coupled results. It indicates that increasing the ratio of Sb[sub.2] O[sub.3] :Sb causes a decrease of Mises equivalent stress, radial stress, and tangential stress in the range of 1:1-3.5:1, and an increase in the range of 3.5:1-4:1. These stresses decrease with a particle radius in the range of 30-50 nm and increase with a particle radius in the range of 50-70 nm. Additionally, another reason is related to the formation of cycling-induced coral-like Sb, which can promote Na[sup.+] diffusion, relieve cycling-induced volume changes, and provide exceptional Na[sup.+] storage. |
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ISSN: | 2313-0105 2313-0105 |
DOI: | 10.3390/batteries9020098 |