Antihyperalgesia potency of Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum in inflammatory and neuropathy-induced chronic pain condition in mice

Chronic inflammation and neuropathic pain are classified into chronic pain. Until now there are so many drugs that have been used for chronic pain but the effectiveness still lower. One of the plants that are commonly used for medicine in Indonesia is red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum). This study was aimed to analyze the component of red ginger oil and proved its antihyperalgesia potency in chronic pain using two models, inflammatory pain and neuropathy pain. Forty-eight mice were divided into 2 groups i.e. inflammatory and neuropathy. Each group was divided into 6 subgroups (@4 mice) i.e. for inflammatory model (sham, negative control, red ginger oil doses 100, 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg) and for neuropathy model (sham, negative control, red ginger oil doses 100, 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg). Inflammatory model was induced using Completed Freud's Adjuvant (CFA) 40 ml intraplantar. Neuropathy model was induced using Partial Sciatic Nerve Ligation (PSNL). At day-7, all groups were given orally treatment, once daily for seven days. The latency time toward thermal stimulus and plantar thickness were measured at day 0,1,3,5,7,8,10,12 and 14 after induction. Quality of red ginger oil was standardized by Indonesia standard (SNI 06-1312-1998). The red ginger oil compound was identified by GC/MS. The result showed that red ginger oil was qualified based on SNI 06-1312-1998. Red ginger oil 200 mg/kgBW and 400mg/kgBW administration in mice gave the best result in prolong the latency time toward thermal stimulus using hot plate and significantly different with inflammatory and neuropathy group. From GC/MS analysis, camphene was known as the highest compound of red ginger oil that might be important for its antihyperalgesia effect. The conclusion of this study that red ginger oil have antihyperalgesia activity in mice with chronic pain and could be developed further to be antihyperalgesia.