Verb classes in hzj--syntactic and semantic properties/Vrste glagola u hrvatskom znakovnom jeziku--sintakticke i semanticke znacajke
The aim of this thesis was to present an analysis of syntactic and semantic properties of the verbal system in HZJ with respect to aspect. HZJ verbal system has been unexplored up to this time, and there is no analysis of a sign language used in a Slavic-speaking community with respect to the verb s...
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| description | The aim of this thesis was to present an analysis of syntactic and semantic properties of the verbal system in HZJ with respect to aspect. HZJ verbal system has been unexplored up to this time, and there is no analysis of a sign language used in a Slavic-speaking community with respect to the verb system and aspect. The central questions that this study wanted to answer were: How does HZJ express aspect?; What language devices are used to produce HZJ verbs relevant to aspect categories similar to Croatian perfective and imperfectives verbs?; How can semantic verb classes in the Croatian verbal system be translated/ compared to HZJ?; and Whatprocesses/devices does HZJ use toproduce the same meaning? For the purpose of this research, two experiments were designed, each containing two tasks. The first task, targets in isolations, consisted of distinguishing members of aspect verb pairs. The second task, targets in context, consisted of using the appropriate verb aspect form in given context. The third andfourth tasks consisted of comic clips and pictures descripitons. Data were collected from 9 native Deaf signing participants, all fluent in HZJ. The signers 'productions were recorded using digital video camera, and transcribed in ELAN program designed for the analysis. The data were analyzed by descriptive linguistic analysis. Since grammatical aspect in Croatian exists as a binary morphological category of verbs, with a very diversified and constructed system of morphology, HZJ offers adequate resources to express the same meanings of the action denoted by the verb. Thus, aspect categories in Croatian, that is, perfective and imperfective, systematically find their reflections in HZJ. Meaning is reflected in the form of the verb signs. However, rather than just an iconic 'form-meaning' mapping, the aspectual distinctions are regularly related by alternations in phonological form or by phrasal composition. There are also pairs with unrelated (suppletive) verbs. With respect to phonological form and aspectual meaning, verbs in HZJ can be classified into two main groups. One group are verbs that have perfective root movement, while the other group are verbs with imperfective root movement. Verbs with perfective root movement are characterized as made with change of handshape, orientation, location, or setting, such that the final configuration is the opposite of the initial configuration. Verbs with imperfective root movement have multi movements characterized |
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HZJ verbal system has been unexplored up to this time, and there is no analysis of a sign language used in a Slavic-speaking community with respect to the verb system and aspect. The central questions that this study wanted to answer were: How does HZJ express aspect?; What language devices are used to produce HZJ verbs relevant to aspect categories similar to Croatian perfective and imperfectives verbs?; How can semantic verb classes in the Croatian verbal system be translated/ compared to HZJ?; and Whatprocesses/devices does HZJ use toproduce the same meaning? For the purpose of this research, two experiments were designed, each containing two tasks. The first task, targets in isolations, consisted of distinguishing members of aspect verb pairs. The second task, targets in context, consisted of using the appropriate verb aspect form in given context. The third andfourth tasks consisted of comic clips and pictures descripitons. Data were collected from 9 native Deaf signing participants, all fluent in HZJ. The signers 'productions were recorded using digital video camera, and transcribed in ELAN program designed for the analysis. The data were analyzed by descriptive linguistic analysis. Since grammatical aspect in Croatian exists as a binary morphological category of verbs, with a very diversified and constructed system of morphology, HZJ offers adequate resources to express the same meanings of the action denoted by the verb. Thus, aspect categories in Croatian, that is, perfective and imperfective, systematically find their reflections in HZJ. Meaning is reflected in the form of the verb signs. However, rather than just an iconic 'form-meaning' mapping, the aspectual distinctions are regularly related by alternations in phonological form or by phrasal composition. There are also pairs with unrelated (suppletive) verbs. With respect to phonological form and aspectual meaning, verbs in HZJ can be classified into two main groups. One group are verbs that have perfective root movement, while the other group are verbs with imperfective root movement. Verbs with perfective root movement are characterized as made with change of handshape, orientation, location, or setting, such that the final configuration is the opposite of the initial configuration. Verbs with imperfective root movement have multi movements characterized in Brentari's phonological system (1998) as [trilledmovement (TM)], thatis, uncountably, rapidly repeated movements. HZJ verbs can be classified into three categories according to how the perfective-imperfective distinctions are realized. The first group is verbs of modification; in order to derive their aspectual counterpart it is necessary to modify the root movement. The second group is verbs of composition. These are imperfective verbs that require an addedfree morpheme to compose the perfective verb. The third group, verbs with different stems, use another verb to convey aspectual meaning in a given context. These are two unrelated different verbs, one of which isperfective and the other is imperfective. The lexical aspect in HZJ was analyzed following Pustejovsky's (1991, 1995) simplified event structure model, where Static states (S) and dynamic processes (P) are two basic types of sub-events in simple events. Atelic events (those without target end-points) are composed of either P or S. Telic events, those with target end-points, also called Achievements and Accomplishments, are referred to as Transitions. Transitions are composed of a transition beween two non-identical sub-events. Achievements, as change of state, are composed of the transition between two opposite S elements, of which the first is the initial state, and the second is the final state; this change is visible in the phonologicalform of the sign, such that the final configuration is the opposite of the initial configuration. In HZJ achievements are made with change of handshape, orientation, or setting change. The change expresses the change of state. A dynamic P element transitioning to a final S composes an Accomplishment. There is a path movement associated with the Process sub-event. In HZJ the accomplishments are realized in two possible ways. One is so-called verbs of composition, which are composed of an activity verb and a resultant or target outcome, and another is path movement made with a sharp ending. Both express thefinal state of theprocess. Atelic events do not have any phonological marking that could be interpreted as the end-point of the event. States in HZJ are expressed mostly by activity verbs, with the movement feature [repeat], or a single sign movement that ends with the feature [hold]. The repetition describes situations that do not change over time. They are extended in time, meaning durative, and do not have a 'natural' endpoint. The movement patterns observed in States relate to verbs of postures and locations, verbs of existence/ possession, verbs of mental process and psychological states. Although these types of verbs have different movement features, characteristic for the verbs of activity, they are all stative in aspectual meaning. Activities involve the feature [TM] 'trilled movement', short repeated movements, as well as [tracing], which is path movement that does not involve contact with body part or referenceplane, nor any other phonological marking. "When theprocess or activity stops, the movement ceases gradually to a stop rather than rapid deceleration asfor end-marking. Observed phenomenon, besides adding to general knowledge of the HZJ verbal system, can be applied to both teaching HZJ as a foreign language andfor helping children learning Croatian as a second language (L2) in Deaf education. Key words: Croatian Sign Language (HZJ), aspect, aktionsart, perfective, imperfective, telic, atelic</description><identifier>ISSN: 1331-3010</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Sveuciliste U Zagrebu</publisher><ispartof>Hrvatska revija za rehabilitacijska istraživanja, 2013-06, Vol.49 (1), p.221</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2013 Sveuciliste U Zagrebu</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Milkovic, Marina</creatorcontrib><title>Verb classes in hzj--syntactic and semantic properties/Vrste glagola u hrvatskom znakovnom jeziku--sintakticke i semanticke znacajke</title><title>Hrvatska revija za rehabilitacijska istraživanja</title><description>The aim of this thesis was to present an analysis of syntactic and semantic properties of the verbal system in HZJ with respect to aspect. HZJ verbal system has been unexplored up to this time, and there is no analysis of a sign language used in a Slavic-speaking community with respect to the verb system and aspect. The central questions that this study wanted to answer were: How does HZJ express aspect?; What language devices are used to produce HZJ verbs relevant to aspect categories similar to Croatian perfective and imperfectives verbs?; How can semantic verb classes in the Croatian verbal system be translated/ compared to HZJ?; and Whatprocesses/devices does HZJ use toproduce the same meaning? For the purpose of this research, two experiments were designed, each containing two tasks. The first task, targets in isolations, consisted of distinguishing members of aspect verb pairs. The second task, targets in context, consisted of using the appropriate verb aspect form in given context. The third andfourth tasks consisted of comic clips and pictures descripitons. Data were collected from 9 native Deaf signing participants, all fluent in HZJ. The signers 'productions were recorded using digital video camera, and transcribed in ELAN program designed for the analysis. The data were analyzed by descriptive linguistic analysis. Since grammatical aspect in Croatian exists as a binary morphological category of verbs, with a very diversified and constructed system of morphology, HZJ offers adequate resources to express the same meanings of the action denoted by the verb. Thus, aspect categories in Croatian, that is, perfective and imperfective, systematically find their reflections in HZJ. Meaning is reflected in the form of the verb signs. However, rather than just an iconic 'form-meaning' mapping, the aspectual distinctions are regularly related by alternations in phonological form or by phrasal composition. There are also pairs with unrelated (suppletive) verbs. With respect to phonological form and aspectual meaning, verbs in HZJ can be classified into two main groups. One group are verbs that have perfective root movement, while the other group are verbs with imperfective root movement. Verbs with perfective root movement are characterized as made with change of handshape, orientation, location, or setting, such that the final configuration is the opposite of the initial configuration. Verbs with imperfective root movement have multi movements characterized in Brentari's phonological system (1998) as [trilledmovement (TM)], thatis, uncountably, rapidly repeated movements. HZJ verbs can be classified into three categories according to how the perfective-imperfective distinctions are realized. The first group is verbs of modification; in order to derive their aspectual counterpart it is necessary to modify the root movement. The second group is verbs of composition. These are imperfective verbs that require an addedfree morpheme to compose the perfective verb. The third group, verbs with different stems, use another verb to convey aspectual meaning in a given context. These are two unrelated different verbs, one of which isperfective and the other is imperfective. The lexical aspect in HZJ was analyzed following Pustejovsky's (1991, 1995) simplified event structure model, where Static states (S) and dynamic processes (P) are two basic types of sub-events in simple events. Atelic events (those without target end-points) are composed of either P or S. Telic events, those with target end-points, also called Achievements and Accomplishments, are referred to as Transitions. Transitions are composed of a transition beween two non-identical sub-events. Achievements, as change of state, are composed of the transition between two opposite S elements, of which the first is the initial state, and the second is the final state; this change is visible in the phonologicalform of the sign, such that the final configuration is the opposite of the initial configuration. In HZJ achievements are made with change of handshape, orientation, or setting change. The change expresses the change of state. A dynamic P element transitioning to a final S composes an Accomplishment. There is a path movement associated with the Process sub-event. In HZJ the accomplishments are realized in two possible ways. One is so-called verbs of composition, which are composed of an activity verb and a resultant or target outcome, and another is path movement made with a sharp ending. Both express thefinal state of theprocess. Atelic events do not have any phonological marking that could be interpreted as the end-point of the event. States in HZJ are expressed mostly by activity verbs, with the movement feature [repeat], or a single sign movement that ends with the feature [hold]. The repetition describes situations that do not change over time. They are extended in time, meaning durative, and do not have a 'natural' endpoint. The movement patterns observed in States relate to verbs of postures and locations, verbs of existence/ possession, verbs of mental process and psychological states. Although these types of verbs have different movement features, characteristic for the verbs of activity, they are all stative in aspectual meaning. Activities involve the feature [TM] 'trilled movement', short repeated movements, as well as [tracing], which is path movement that does not involve contact with body part or referenceplane, nor any other phonological marking. "When theprocess or activity stops, the movement ceases gradually to a stop rather than rapid deceleration asfor end-marking. Observed phenomenon, besides adding to general knowledge of the HZJ verbal system, can be applied to both teaching HZJ as a foreign language andfor helping children learning Croatian as a second language (L2) in Deaf education. Key words: Croatian Sign Language (HZJ), aspect, aktionsart, perfective, imperfective, telic, atelic</description><issn>1331-3010</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid/><recordid>eNqVjMFOAzEMRHMoUivoP_gHtmzIVoUjQiA-APWKTOrdepNNqjitxJ75cIyEuOPLeEYzb2FW1jnbuNa2S7MWGVu97sHaXbcyX3sqH-AjipAAJzjOY9PIZ6roK3vAdAChCdOPOZV8olKZ5HZfpBIMEYccEc5wLBesEvIEc8KQL0m_kWYOZ6Wx0oICAgH_0dRo1eMY6MZc9RiF1r96bTYvz29Pr82Akd459bkWbXo80MQ-J-pZ80fX2e12d3dv3b8H39jgW5M</recordid><startdate>20130601</startdate><enddate>20130601</enddate><creator>Milkovic, Marina</creator><general>Sveuciliste U Zagrebu</general><scope/></search><sort><creationdate>20130601</creationdate><title>Verb classes in hzj--syntactic and semantic properties/Vrste glagola u hrvatskom znakovnom jeziku--sintakticke i semanticke znacajke</title><author>Milkovic, Marina</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-gale_infotracacademiconefile_A3415572813</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Milkovic, Marina</creatorcontrib><jtitle>Hrvatska revija za rehabilitacijska istraživanja</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Milkovic, Marina</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Verb classes in hzj--syntactic and semantic properties/Vrste glagola u hrvatskom znakovnom jeziku--sintakticke i semanticke znacajke</atitle><jtitle>Hrvatska revija za rehabilitacijska istraživanja</jtitle><date>2013-06-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>49</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>221</spage><pages>221-</pages><issn>1331-3010</issn><abstract>The aim of this thesis was to present an analysis of syntactic and semantic properties of the verbal system in HZJ with respect to aspect. HZJ verbal system has been unexplored up to this time, and there is no analysis of a sign language used in a Slavic-speaking community with respect to the verb system and aspect. The central questions that this study wanted to answer were: How does HZJ express aspect?; What language devices are used to produce HZJ verbs relevant to aspect categories similar to Croatian perfective and imperfectives verbs?; How can semantic verb classes in the Croatian verbal system be translated/ compared to HZJ?; and Whatprocesses/devices does HZJ use toproduce the same meaning? For the purpose of this research, two experiments were designed, each containing two tasks. The first task, targets in isolations, consisted of distinguishing members of aspect verb pairs. The second task, targets in context, consisted of using the appropriate verb aspect form in given context. The third andfourth tasks consisted of comic clips and pictures descripitons. Data were collected from 9 native Deaf signing participants, all fluent in HZJ. The signers 'productions were recorded using digital video camera, and transcribed in ELAN program designed for the analysis. The data were analyzed by descriptive linguistic analysis. Since grammatical aspect in Croatian exists as a binary morphological category of verbs, with a very diversified and constructed system of morphology, HZJ offers adequate resources to express the same meanings of the action denoted by the verb. Thus, aspect categories in Croatian, that is, perfective and imperfective, systematically find their reflections in HZJ. Meaning is reflected in the form of the verb signs. However, rather than just an iconic 'form-meaning' mapping, the aspectual distinctions are regularly related by alternations in phonological form or by phrasal composition. There are also pairs with unrelated (suppletive) verbs. With respect to phonological form and aspectual meaning, verbs in HZJ can be classified into two main groups. One group are verbs that have perfective root movement, while the other group are verbs with imperfective root movement. Verbs with perfective root movement are characterized as made with change of handshape, orientation, location, or setting, such that the final configuration is the opposite of the initial configuration. Verbs with imperfective root movement have multi movements characterized in Brentari's phonological system (1998) as [trilledmovement (TM)], thatis, uncountably, rapidly repeated movements. HZJ verbs can be classified into three categories according to how the perfective-imperfective distinctions are realized. The first group is verbs of modification; in order to derive their aspectual counterpart it is necessary to modify the root movement. The second group is verbs of composition. These are imperfective verbs that require an addedfree morpheme to compose the perfective verb. The third group, verbs with different stems, use another verb to convey aspectual meaning in a given context. These are two unrelated different verbs, one of which isperfective and the other is imperfective. The lexical aspect in HZJ was analyzed following Pustejovsky's (1991, 1995) simplified event structure model, where Static states (S) and dynamic processes (P) are two basic types of sub-events in simple events. Atelic events (those without target end-points) are composed of either P or S. Telic events, those with target end-points, also called Achievements and Accomplishments, are referred to as Transitions. Transitions are composed of a transition beween two non-identical sub-events. Achievements, as change of state, are composed of the transition between two opposite S elements, of which the first is the initial state, and the second is the final state; this change is visible in the phonologicalform of the sign, such that the final configuration is the opposite of the initial configuration. In HZJ achievements are made with change of handshape, orientation, or setting change. The change expresses the change of state. A dynamic P element transitioning to a final S composes an Accomplishment. There is a path movement associated with the Process sub-event. In HZJ the accomplishments are realized in two possible ways. One is so-called verbs of composition, which are composed of an activity verb and a resultant or target outcome, and another is path movement made with a sharp ending. Both express thefinal state of theprocess. Atelic events do not have any phonological marking that could be interpreted as the end-point of the event. States in HZJ are expressed mostly by activity verbs, with the movement feature [repeat], or a single sign movement that ends with the feature [hold]. The repetition describes situations that do not change over time. They are extended in time, meaning durative, and do not have a 'natural' endpoint. The movement patterns observed in States relate to verbs of postures and locations, verbs of existence/ possession, verbs of mental process and psychological states. Although these types of verbs have different movement features, characteristic for the verbs of activity, they are all stative in aspectual meaning. Activities involve the feature [TM] 'trilled movement', short repeated movements, as well as [tracing], which is path movement that does not involve contact with body part or referenceplane, nor any other phonological marking. "When theprocess or activity stops, the movement ceases gradually to a stop rather than rapid deceleration asfor end-marking. Observed phenomenon, besides adding to general knowledge of the HZJ verbal system, can be applied to both teaching HZJ as a foreign language andfor helping children learning Croatian as a second language (L2) in Deaf education. Key words: Croatian Sign Language (HZJ), aspect, aktionsart, perfective, imperfective, telic, atelic</abstract><pub>Sveuciliste U Zagrebu</pub></addata></record> |
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| title | Verb classes in hzj--syntactic and semantic properties/Vrste glagola u hrvatskom znakovnom jeziku--sintakticke i semanticke znacajke |
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