Heat stress on diet selection by cattle/Estresse termico sobre a selecao da dieta por bovines
The ability of cattle to select the roughage and concentrate in their diets under different environmental temperatures was studied in 12 cannulated cows, during 30 days. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments: thermal comfort (21[degrees]C) and thermal stress (climatic...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Acta scientiarum. Animal sciences 2009-07, Vol.31 (3), p.303 |
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Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | spa |
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Zusammenfassung: | The ability of cattle to select the roughage and concentrate in their diets under different environmental temperatures was studied in 12 cannulated cows, during 30 days. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments: thermal comfort (21[degrees]C) and thermal stress (climatic chamber, 38[degrees]C). Cows were fed a diet of sugar cane plus urea and concentrate mixture, which were offered separately and ad libitum. The ability of cows to select their diets was identified by comparing the composition of diet selected in different environments, as weel as ruminal parameters and diet digestibility. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) of 22% on total dry matter intake was observed in animals kept under heat stress compared to animals kept under comfort temperature, while concentrate:roughage ratio chosen was similar for both treatments. Ruminal parameters were equal for both treatments, while digestibility of dry matter and some of its fraction were reduced in stressed animals. Animals under heat stress decreased dry matter intake without changing dietary energy or fiber levels, probably attempting to maintain the stability of ruminal environment. Key words: voluntary intake, thermal confort, discomfort, choice, ruminants. A capacidade dos bovinos de selecionar volumoso e concentrado em suas dietas em funcao de diferentes temperaturas foi estudada em 12 vacas fistuladas, durante 30 dias. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos: conforto (galpao, 21[degrees]C) e estresse (camara biolimatica, 38[degrees]C), sendo a dieta composta por cana-de-acucar acrescida de ureia e concentrado, alimentos oferecidos separadamente e a vontade. A capacidade de selecao dos animais foi identificada pela comparacao da composicao da dieta selecionada nos dois diferentes ambientes, assim como pelos parametros ruminais e digestibilidade. Foi observada reducao (p < 0,05) de 22% no consumo diario de materia seca nos animais em estresse termico, enquanto que a relacao concentrado:volumoso selecionada foi semelhante em ambos os tratamentos. Os parametros de fermentacao ruminal mantiveram-se iguais em ambos os tratamentos. Entretanto, a digestibilidade da materia seca e algumas de suas fracoes foram diminuidas nos animais estressados. Concluise que os animais mantidos sob estresse termico reduziram a ingestao total de materia seca, sem alterar a concentracao de energia ou de fibra das suas dietas, provavelmente na tentativa de manter esta |
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ISSN: | 1806-2636 |
DOI: | 10.4025/actascianimsci.v31i3.6293 |