Suitable nitrogen application mode and lateral spacing for drip-irrigated winter wheat in North China Plain
To propose an appropriate nitrogen application mode and suitable drip irrigation lateral spacing, a field experiment was conducted during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 growing seasons to quantify the different drip irrigation lateral spacings and nitrogen fertigation strategies effects on winter wheat gro...
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| description | To propose an appropriate nitrogen application mode and suitable drip irrigation lateral spacing, a field experiment was conducted during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 growing seasons to quantify the different drip irrigation lateral spacings and nitrogen fertigation strategies effects on winter wheat growth, yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) in the North China Plain (NCP). The experiment consisted of three drip irrigation lateral spacing (LS) (40, 60, and 80 cm, referred to as D40, D60, and D80 respectively) and three percentage splits of nitrogen application modes (NAM) (basal and top dressing application ratio as 50:50 (N50:50), 25:75 (N25:75), and 0:100 (N0-100) respectively). The experimental findings depicted that yield and its components, and WUE were markedly affected by LS and NAM. Fertigation of winter wheat at N25:75 NAM notably (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0260008 |
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The experiment consisted of three drip irrigation lateral spacing (LS) (40, 60, and 80 cm, referred to as D40, D60, and D80 respectively) and three percentage splits of nitrogen application modes (NAM) (basal and top dressing application ratio as 50:50 (N50:50), 25:75 (N25:75), and 0:100 (N0-100) respectively). The experimental findings depicted that yield and its components, and WUE were markedly affected by LS and NAM. Fertigation of winter wheat at N25:75 NAM notably (P<0.05) increased the grain yield by 4.88%, 1.83% and 8.03%, 4.61%, and WUE by 3.10%, 3.18% and 5.37%, 7.82%, compared with those at NAM N50:50 and N0:100 in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 growing seasons, respectively. LS D40 appeared very fruitful in terms of soil moisture and nitrogen distribution, WUE, grain yield, and yield components than that of other LS levels. The maximum grain yield (8.73 and 9.40 t ha-1) and WUE (1.70 and 1.95 kg m-3) were obtained under D40N25:75 during both growing seasons, which mainly due to that all main yield components in D40N25:75 treatment, such as spikes per unit area, 1000-grain weight, and grains per spike were significantly higher as compared to other treatments. The outcomes of this research may provide a scientific basis of lateral spacing and nitrogen fertigation management for the production of drip-irrigated winter wheat in NCP.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260008</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34767596</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Agricultural engineering ; Agricultural Irrigation - methods ; Agricultural production ; Agriculture ; Biology and Life Sciences ; China ; Crop yield ; Drip irrigation ; Earth Sciences ; Efficiency ; Environmental aspects ; Evaluation ; Fertigation ; Fertilizers ; Groundwater ; Growing season ; Growth ; Irrigation ; Laboratories ; Management ; Nitrogen ; Productivity ; Seasons ; Soil - chemistry ; Soil moisture ; Triticum - growth & development ; Triticum aestivum ; Water ; Water use ; Water use efficiency ; Wheat ; Winter ; Winter wheat</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2021-11, Vol.16 (11), p.e0260008</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Zain et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 Zain et al 2021 Zain et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-7231ceadb100f924d790adc643474ea17245bd2e3fabb7b9dd350ad17ce6eed93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-7231ceadb100f924d790adc643474ea17245bd2e3fabb7b9dd350ad17ce6eed93</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0040-0253 ; 0000-0001-6639-811X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8589194/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8589194/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,861,882,2096,2915,23847,27905,27906,53772,53774,79349,79350</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34767596$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Zhang, Aimin</contributor><creatorcontrib>Zain, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Si, Zhuanyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Jinsai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mehmood, Faisal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rahman, Shafeeq Ur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shah, Adnan Noor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Sen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gao, Yang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duan, Aiwang</creatorcontrib><title>Suitable nitrogen application mode and lateral spacing for drip-irrigated winter wheat in North China Plain</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>To propose an appropriate nitrogen application mode and suitable drip irrigation lateral spacing, a field experiment was conducted during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 growing seasons to quantify the different drip irrigation lateral spacings and nitrogen fertigation strategies effects on winter wheat growth, yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) in the North China Plain (NCP). The experiment consisted of three drip irrigation lateral spacing (LS) (40, 60, and 80 cm, referred to as D40, D60, and D80 respectively) and three percentage splits of nitrogen application modes (NAM) (basal and top dressing application ratio as 50:50 (N50:50), 25:75 (N25:75), and 0:100 (N0-100) respectively). The experimental findings depicted that yield and its components, and WUE were markedly affected by LS and NAM. Fertigation of winter wheat at N25:75 NAM notably (P<0.05) increased the grain yield by 4.88%, 1.83% and 8.03%, 4.61%, and WUE by 3.10%, 3.18% and 5.37%, 7.82%, compared with those at NAM N50:50 and N0:100 in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 growing seasons, respectively. LS D40 appeared very fruitful in terms of soil moisture and nitrogen distribution, WUE, grain yield, and yield components than that of other LS levels. The maximum grain yield (8.73 and 9.40 t ha-1) and WUE (1.70 and 1.95 kg m-3) were obtained under D40N25:75 during both growing seasons, which mainly due to that all main yield components in D40N25:75 treatment, such as spikes per unit area, 1000-grain weight, and grains per spike were significantly higher as compared to other treatments. The outcomes of this research may provide a scientific basis of lateral spacing and nitrogen fertigation management for the production of drip-irrigated winter wheat in NCP.</description><subject>Agricultural engineering</subject><subject>Agricultural Irrigation - methods</subject><subject>Agricultural production</subject><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Crop yield</subject><subject>Drip irrigation</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Efficiency</subject><subject>Environmental aspects</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Fertigation</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Growing season</subject><subject>Growth</subject><subject>Irrigation</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Management</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Productivity</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Soil - chemistry</subject><subject>Soil moisture</subject><subject>Triticum - growth & development</subject><subject>Triticum aestivum</subject><subject>Water</subject><subject>Water use</subject><subject>Water use efficiency</subject><subject>Wheat</subject><subject>Winter</subject><subject>Winter wheat</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk99vFCEQxzdGY2v1PzBKYmL04U5gf3C8mDQXf1zSWGPVVzIL7B6VgxVYq_-9XG_b3Jk-GB4gzGe-zAwzRfGU4DkpGXlz6cfgwM4H7_Qc0wZjvLhXHBNe0llDcXl_73xUPIrxEuO6XDTNw-KorFjDat4cFz8uRpOgtRo5k4LvtUMwDNZISMY7tPFKI3AKWUg6gEVxAGlcjzofkApmmJkQTJ-NCl0Zlxl0tdaQkHHokw9pjZZr4wB9tmDc4-JBBzbqJ9N-Unx7_-7r8uPs7PzDanl6NpMNp2nGaEmkBtUSjDtOK8U4BiWbKkddaSCMVnWrqC47aFvWcqXKOgOESd1orXh5Ujzf6Q7WRzHVKQqaE-aUYbYlVjtCebgUQzAbCH-EByOuL3zoBYRkpNWiIqoGDpxSySqgnDNou67TXJEWKs6y1tvptbHdaCW1S7lQB6KHFmfWove_xKJecMKrLPBqEgj-56hjEhsTpbYWnPbjddys4oRQktEX_6B3ZzdRPeQEjOt8flduRcVps6CUNCVfZGp-B5WX0hsjc1N1Jt8fOLw-cMhM0r9TD2OMYnXx5f_Z8--H7Ms9NnePTevo7bhtwHgIVjtQBh9j0N1tkQkW25m4qYbYzoSYZiK7Pdv_oFunmyEo_wLwPwiR</recordid><startdate>20211112</startdate><enddate>20211112</enddate><creator>Zain, Muhammad</creator><creator>Si, Zhuanyun</creator><creator>Chen, Jinsai</creator><creator>Mehmood, Faisal</creator><creator>Rahman, Shafeeq Ur</creator><creator>Shah, Adnan Noor</creator><creator>Li, Sen</creator><creator>Gao, Yang</creator><creator>Duan, Aiwang</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0040-0253</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6639-811X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211112</creationdate><title>Suitable nitrogen application mode and lateral spacing for drip-irrigated winter wheat in North China Plain</title><author>Zain, Muhammad ; Si, Zhuanyun ; Chen, Jinsai ; Mehmood, Faisal ; Rahman, Shafeeq Ur ; Shah, Adnan Noor ; Li, Sen ; Gao, Yang ; Duan, Aiwang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-7231ceadb100f924d790adc643474ea17245bd2e3fabb7b9dd350ad17ce6eed93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Agricultural engineering</topic><topic>Agricultural Irrigation - 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The experiment consisted of three drip irrigation lateral spacing (LS) (40, 60, and 80 cm, referred to as D40, D60, and D80 respectively) and three percentage splits of nitrogen application modes (NAM) (basal and top dressing application ratio as 50:50 (N50:50), 25:75 (N25:75), and 0:100 (N0-100) respectively). The experimental findings depicted that yield and its components, and WUE were markedly affected by LS and NAM. Fertigation of winter wheat at N25:75 NAM notably (P<0.05) increased the grain yield by 4.88%, 1.83% and 8.03%, 4.61%, and WUE by 3.10%, 3.18% and 5.37%, 7.82%, compared with those at NAM N50:50 and N0:100 in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 growing seasons, respectively. LS D40 appeared very fruitful in terms of soil moisture and nitrogen distribution, WUE, grain yield, and yield components than that of other LS levels. The maximum grain yield (8.73 and 9.40 t ha-1) and WUE (1.70 and 1.95 kg m-3) were obtained under D40N25:75 during both growing seasons, which mainly due to that all main yield components in D40N25:75 treatment, such as spikes per unit area, 1000-grain weight, and grains per spike were significantly higher as compared to other treatments. The outcomes of this research may provide a scientific basis of lateral spacing and nitrogen fertigation management for the production of drip-irrigated winter wheat in NCP.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>34767596</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0260008</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0040-0253</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6639-811X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Agricultural engineering Agricultural Irrigation - methods Agricultural production Agriculture Biology and Life Sciences China Crop yield Drip irrigation Earth Sciences Efficiency Environmental aspects Evaluation Fertigation Fertilizers Groundwater Growing season Growth Irrigation Laboratories Management Nitrogen Productivity Seasons Soil - chemistry Soil moisture Triticum - growth & development Triticum aestivum Water Water use Water use efficiency Wheat Winter Winter wheat |
| title | Suitable nitrogen application mode and lateral spacing for drip-irrigated winter wheat in North China Plain |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-21T01%3A56%3A39IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Suitable%20nitrogen%20application%20mode%20and%20lateral%20spacing%20for%20drip-irrigated%20winter%20wheat%20in%20North%20China%20Plain&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Zain,%20Muhammad&rft.date=2021-11-12&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=e0260008&rft.pages=e0260008-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0260008&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA682216398%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2596927079&rft_id=info:pmid/34767596&rft_galeid=A682216398&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_41d5a9a922c74a2997abfffe9d1ba497&rfr_iscdi=true |