Evaluation of a serum-based antigen test for tuberculosis in HIV-exposed infants: a diagnostic accuracy study
Background: Non-sputum methods are urgently needed to improve tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment monitoring in children. This study evaluated the ability of a serum assay quantifying a species-specific peptide of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis CFP-10 virulence factor via nanotechnology and matrix-...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | BMC medicine 2021-05, Vol.19 (1), p.113-113, Article 113 |
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| creator | Mao, Liyan LaCourse, Sylvia M. Kim, Soyeon Liu, Chang Ning, Bo Bao, Duran Fan, Jia Lyon, Christopher J. Sun, Ziyong Nachman, Sharon Mitchell, Charles D. Hu, Tony Y. |
| description | Background: Non-sputum methods are urgently needed to improve tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment monitoring in children. This study evaluated the ability of a serum assay quantifying a species-specific peptide of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis CFP-10 virulence factor via nanotechnology and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry to diagnose tuberculosis in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected infants.
Methods: Serum CFP-10 peptide signal was blinded evaluated in cryopreserved sera of 519 BCG-immunized, HIV-exposed infants (284 HIV-infected, 235 HIV-uninfected) from a multi-center randomized placebo-controlled isoniazid prophylaxis trial conducted in southern Africa between 2004 and 2008, who were followed up to 192 weeks for Mtb infection and TB. Children were classified as confirmed, unconfirmed, or unlikely tuberculosis cases using 2015 NIH diagnostic criteria for pediatric TB.
Results: In HIV-infected infants, CFP-10 signal had 100% sensitivity for confirmed TB (5/5, 95% CI, 47.8-100) and 83.7% sensitivity for unconfirmed TB (36/43, 95% CI 69.3-93.2), with 93.1% specificity (203/218, 95% CI 88.9-96.1). In HIV-uninfected infants, CFP-10 signal detected the single confirmed TB case and 75.0% of unconfirmed TB cases (15/20; 95% CI 50.9-91.3), with 96.2% specificity (177/184, 95% CI, 92.3-98.5). Serum CFP-10 achieved 77% diagnostic sensitivity for confirmed and unconfirmed TB (13/17, 95% CI, 50-93%) at |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s12916-021-01983-w |
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Methods: Serum CFP-10 peptide signal was blinded evaluated in cryopreserved sera of 519 BCG-immunized, HIV-exposed infants (284 HIV-infected, 235 HIV-uninfected) from a multi-center randomized placebo-controlled isoniazid prophylaxis trial conducted in southern Africa between 2004 and 2008, who were followed up to 192 weeks for Mtb infection and TB. Children were classified as confirmed, unconfirmed, or unlikely tuberculosis cases using 2015 NIH diagnostic criteria for pediatric TB.
Results: In HIV-infected infants, CFP-10 signal had 100% sensitivity for confirmed TB (5/5, 95% CI, 47.8-100) and 83.7% sensitivity for unconfirmed TB (36/43, 95% CI 69.3-93.2), with 93.1% specificity (203/218, 95% CI 88.9-96.1). In HIV-uninfected infants, CFP-10 signal detected the single confirmed TB case and 75.0% of unconfirmed TB cases (15/20; 95% CI 50.9-91.3), with 96.2% specificity (177/184, 95% CI, 92.3-98.5). Serum CFP-10 achieved 77% diagnostic sensitivity for confirmed and unconfirmed TB (13/17, 95% CI, 50-93%) at <= 24 weeks pre-diagnosis, and both CFP-10-positivity and concentration declined following anti-TB therapy initiation.
Conclusions: Serum CFP-10 signal exhibited high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for tuberculosis in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected infants and potential utility for early TB detection and monitoring of anti-TB treatment responses.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1741-7015</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1741-7015</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-01983-w</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34001096</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>LONDON: Springer Nature</publisher><subject>Antigens ; Antigens, Bacterial ; Biochemical assays ; Blood ; CFP-10 ; Child ; Children ; Cryopreservation ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic systems ; Diseases ; Enrollments ; Evaluation ; General & Internal Medicine ; HIV ; HIV infection ; HIV Infections - diagnosis ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Humans ; Immunization ; Infant ; Infants ; Infants (Newborn) ; Infections ; Ionization ; Isoniazid ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Medical diagnosis ; Medicine, General & Internal ; Methods ; Monitoring ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Nanoparticles ; Nanotechnology ; Pediatric research ; Pediatric tuberculosis ; Pediatrics ; Peptides ; Perinatal infection ; Placebos ; Prophylaxis ; Science & Technology ; Scientific imaging ; Sensitivity ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Serodiagnosis ; Sputum ; Technical Advance ; Time-of-flight mass spectrometry ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis - diagnosis ; Virulence ; Virulence factors</subject><ispartof>BMC medicine, 2021-05, Vol.19 (1), p.113-113, Article 113</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><rights>2021. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>6</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000651470900001</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c594t-a91a2c0cd340d2fbfb065cb2ecec8b5785540e24f64d00e53fccaeaea3d60e343</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c594t-a91a2c0cd340d2fbfb065cb2ecec8b5785540e24f64d00e53fccaeaea3d60e343</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8097-9631 ; 0000-0002-5166-4937</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8130139/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8130139/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,729,782,786,866,887,2104,2116,27931,27932,39265,53798,53800</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34001096$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mao, Liyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LaCourse, Sylvia M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Soyeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Chang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ning, Bo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bao, Duran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fan, Jia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lyon, Christopher J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Ziyong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nachman, Sharon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mitchell, Charles D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Tony Y.</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of a serum-based antigen test for tuberculosis in HIV-exposed infants: a diagnostic accuracy study</title><title>BMC medicine</title><addtitle>BMC MED</addtitle><addtitle>BMC Med</addtitle><description>Background: Non-sputum methods are urgently needed to improve tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment monitoring in children. This study evaluated the ability of a serum assay quantifying a species-specific peptide of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis CFP-10 virulence factor via nanotechnology and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry to diagnose tuberculosis in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected infants.
Methods: Serum CFP-10 peptide signal was blinded evaluated in cryopreserved sera of 519 BCG-immunized, HIV-exposed infants (284 HIV-infected, 235 HIV-uninfected) from a multi-center randomized placebo-controlled isoniazid prophylaxis trial conducted in southern Africa between 2004 and 2008, who were followed up to 192 weeks for Mtb infection and TB. Children were classified as confirmed, unconfirmed, or unlikely tuberculosis cases using 2015 NIH diagnostic criteria for pediatric TB.
Results: In HIV-infected infants, CFP-10 signal had 100% sensitivity for confirmed TB (5/5, 95% CI, 47.8-100) and 83.7% sensitivity for unconfirmed TB (36/43, 95% CI 69.3-93.2), with 93.1% specificity (203/218, 95% CI 88.9-96.1). In HIV-uninfected infants, CFP-10 signal detected the single confirmed TB case and 75.0% of unconfirmed TB cases (15/20; 95% CI 50.9-91.3), with 96.2% specificity (177/184, 95% CI, 92.3-98.5). Serum CFP-10 achieved 77% diagnostic sensitivity for confirmed and unconfirmed TB (13/17, 95% CI, 50-93%) at <= 24 weeks pre-diagnosis, and both CFP-10-positivity and concentration declined following anti-TB therapy initiation.
Conclusions: Serum CFP-10 signal exhibited high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for tuberculosis in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected infants and potential utility for early TB detection and monitoring of anti-TB treatment responses.</description><subject>Antigens</subject><subject>Antigens, Bacterial</subject><subject>Biochemical assays</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>CFP-10</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Cryopreservation</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Diagnostic systems</subject><subject>Diseases</subject><subject>Enrollments</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>General & Internal Medicine</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV infection</subject><subject>HIV Infections - diagnosis</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunization</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infants</subject><subject>Infants (Newborn)</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Ionization</subject><subject>Isoniazid</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Medical diagnosis</subject><subject>Medicine, General & Internal</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Monitoring</subject><subject>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Nanotechnology</subject><subject>Pediatric research</subject><subject>Pediatric tuberculosis</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Peptides</subject><subject>Perinatal infection</subject><subject>Placebos</subject><subject>Prophylaxis</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>Scientific imaging</subject><subject>Sensitivity</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Serodiagnosis</subject><subject>Sputum</subject><subject>Technical Advance</subject><subject>Time-of-flight mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Tuberculosis</subject><subject>Tuberculosis - diagnosis</subject><subject>Virulence</subject><subject>Virulence factors</subject><issn>1741-7015</issn><issn>1741-7015</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>HGBXW</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNklGL1DAUhYso7rr6B3yQgiCCdE3SNG19EJZhdQcWfFFfw216M5Ohk6xJuuP8ezPTdZwRHyQPDel3zk0OJ8teUnJJaSPeB8paKgrCaEFo25TF5lF2TmtOi5rQ6vHR_ix7FsKKEFbVNX-anZWcEEpacZ6tr-9hGCEaZ3Onc8gD-nFddBCwz8FGs0CbRwwx187ncezQq3FwwYTc2Pxm_r3An3duBxurEx8-JI_ewMK6EI3KQanRg9rmIY799nn2RMMQ8MXD9yL79un66-ymuP3yeT67ui1U1fJYQEuBKaL6dM-e6U53RFSqY6hQNV1VN1XFCTKuBe8JwarUSgGmVfaCYMnLi2w--fYOVvLOmzX4rXRg5P7A-YUEn643oKQUuk6QpgXVcwUEGKcdB6hFK4jWInl9nLzuxm6NvUIbPQwnpqd_rFnKhbuXDS0JLdtk8PbBwLsfY4pSrk1QOAxg0Y1Bsoo1DWOMVwl9_Re6cqO3KaqJakXd8j_UAtIDUu4uzVU7U3klRMXLsia7sZf_oNLqcW2Us6hNOj8RvDkSLBGGuAxuGHfdCKcgm0DlXQge9SEMSuSumXJqpkzNlPtmyk0SvTqO8SD5XcUENBOwwc7poAxahQeMkFQBytP4tCN0ZuK-szM32pik7_5fWv4CTPX_tg</recordid><startdate>20210518</startdate><enddate>20210518</enddate><creator>Mao, Liyan</creator><creator>LaCourse, Sylvia M.</creator><creator>Kim, Soyeon</creator><creator>Liu, Chang</creator><creator>Ning, Bo</creator><creator>Bao, Duran</creator><creator>Fan, Jia</creator><creator>Lyon, Christopher J.</creator><creator>Sun, Ziyong</creator><creator>Nachman, Sharon</creator><creator>Mitchell, Charles D.</creator><creator>Hu, Tony Y.</creator><general>Springer Nature</general><general>BioMed Central Ltd</general><general>BioMed Central</general><general>BMC</general><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>HGBXW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8097-9631</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5166-4937</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210518</creationdate><title>Evaluation of a serum-based antigen test for tuberculosis in HIV-exposed infants: a diagnostic accuracy study</title><author>Mao, Liyan ; LaCourse, Sylvia M. ; Kim, Soyeon ; Liu, Chang ; Ning, Bo ; Bao, Duran ; Fan, Jia ; Lyon, Christopher J. ; Sun, Ziyong ; Nachman, Sharon ; Mitchell, Charles D. ; Hu, Tony Y.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c594t-a91a2c0cd340d2fbfb065cb2ecec8b5785540e24f64d00e53fccaeaea3d60e343</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Antigens</topic><topic>Antigens, Bacterial</topic><topic>Biochemical assays</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>CFP-10</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Cryopreservation</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Diagnostic systems</topic><topic>Diseases</topic><topic>Enrollments</topic><topic>Evaluation</topic><topic>General & Internal Medicine</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>HIV infection</topic><topic>HIV Infections - diagnosis</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunization</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infants</topic><topic>Infants (Newborn)</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Ionization</topic><topic>Isoniazid</topic><topic>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Mass spectroscopy</topic><topic>Medical diagnosis</topic><topic>Medicine, General & Internal</topic><topic>Methods</topic><topic>Monitoring</topic><topic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Nanotechnology</topic><topic>Pediatric research</topic><topic>Pediatric tuberculosis</topic><topic>Pediatrics</topic><topic>Peptides</topic><topic>Perinatal infection</topic><topic>Placebos</topic><topic>Prophylaxis</topic><topic>Science & Technology</topic><topic>Scientific imaging</topic><topic>Sensitivity</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><topic>Serodiagnosis</topic><topic>Sputum</topic><topic>Technical Advance</topic><topic>Time-of-flight mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Tuberculosis</topic><topic>Tuberculosis - diagnosis</topic><topic>Virulence</topic><topic>Virulence factors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mao, Liyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LaCourse, Sylvia M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Soyeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Chang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ning, Bo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bao, Duran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fan, Jia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lyon, Christopher J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Ziyong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nachman, Sharon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mitchell, Charles D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Tony Y.</creatorcontrib><collection>Web of Science Core Collection</collection><collection>Science Citation Index Expanded</collection><collection>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2021</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>BMC medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mao, Liyan</au><au>LaCourse, Sylvia M.</au><au>Kim, Soyeon</au><au>Liu, Chang</au><au>Ning, Bo</au><au>Bao, Duran</au><au>Fan, Jia</au><au>Lyon, Christopher J.</au><au>Sun, Ziyong</au><au>Nachman, Sharon</au><au>Mitchell, Charles D.</au><au>Hu, Tony Y.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluation of a serum-based antigen test for tuberculosis in HIV-exposed infants: a diagnostic accuracy study</atitle><jtitle>BMC medicine</jtitle><stitle>BMC MED</stitle><addtitle>BMC Med</addtitle><date>2021-05-18</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>113</spage><epage>113</epage><pages>113-113</pages><artnum>113</artnum><issn>1741-7015</issn><eissn>1741-7015</eissn><abstract>Background: Non-sputum methods are urgently needed to improve tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment monitoring in children. This study evaluated the ability of a serum assay quantifying a species-specific peptide of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis CFP-10 virulence factor via nanotechnology and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry to diagnose tuberculosis in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected infants.
Methods: Serum CFP-10 peptide signal was blinded evaluated in cryopreserved sera of 519 BCG-immunized, HIV-exposed infants (284 HIV-infected, 235 HIV-uninfected) from a multi-center randomized placebo-controlled isoniazid prophylaxis trial conducted in southern Africa between 2004 and 2008, who were followed up to 192 weeks for Mtb infection and TB. Children were classified as confirmed, unconfirmed, or unlikely tuberculosis cases using 2015 NIH diagnostic criteria for pediatric TB.
Results: In HIV-infected infants, CFP-10 signal had 100% sensitivity for confirmed TB (5/5, 95% CI, 47.8-100) and 83.7% sensitivity for unconfirmed TB (36/43, 95% CI 69.3-93.2), with 93.1% specificity (203/218, 95% CI 88.9-96.1). In HIV-uninfected infants, CFP-10 signal detected the single confirmed TB case and 75.0% of unconfirmed TB cases (15/20; 95% CI 50.9-91.3), with 96.2% specificity (177/184, 95% CI, 92.3-98.5). Serum CFP-10 achieved 77% diagnostic sensitivity for confirmed and unconfirmed TB (13/17, 95% CI, 50-93%) at <= 24 weeks pre-diagnosis, and both CFP-10-positivity and concentration declined following anti-TB therapy initiation.
Conclusions: Serum CFP-10 signal exhibited high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for tuberculosis in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected infants and potential utility for early TB detection and monitoring of anti-TB treatment responses.</abstract><cop>LONDON</cop><pub>Springer Nature</pub><pmid>34001096</pmid><doi>10.1186/s12916-021-01983-w</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8097-9631</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5166-4937</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Antigens Antigens, Bacterial Biochemical assays Blood CFP-10 Child Children Cryopreservation Diagnosis Diagnostic systems Diseases Enrollments Evaluation General & Internal Medicine HIV HIV infection HIV Infections - diagnosis Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Immunization Infant Infants Infants (Newborn) Infections Ionization Isoniazid Life Sciences & Biomedicine Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Medical diagnosis Medicine, General & Internal Methods Monitoring Mycobacterium tuberculosis Nanoparticles Nanotechnology Pediatric research Pediatric tuberculosis Pediatrics Peptides Perinatal infection Placebos Prophylaxis Science & Technology Scientific imaging Sensitivity Sensitivity and Specificity Serodiagnosis Sputum Technical Advance Time-of-flight mass spectrometry Tuberculosis Tuberculosis - diagnosis Virulence Virulence factors |
| title | Evaluation of a serum-based antigen test for tuberculosis in HIV-exposed infants: a diagnostic accuracy study |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-04T11%3A56%3A06IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_doaj_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Evaluation%20of%20a%20serum-based%20antigen%20test%20for%20tuberculosis%20in%20HIV-exposed%20infants:%20a%20diagnostic%20accuracy%20study&rft.jtitle=BMC%20medicine&rft.au=Mao,%20Liyan&rft.date=2021-05-18&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=113&rft.epage=113&rft.pages=113-113&rft.artnum=113&rft.issn=1741-7015&rft.eissn=1741-7015&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186/s12916-021-01983-w&rft_dat=%3Cgale_doaj_%3EA665433709%3C/gale_doaj_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2528896794&rft_id=info:pmid/34001096&rft_galeid=A665433709&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_11abb6089acd4ca0a241b4aa76960ff6&rfr_iscdi=true |