Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strain Cocolonization in the Nasopharynx
Colonization with more than one distinct strain of the same species, also termed cocolonization, is a prerequisite for horizontal gene transfer between pneumococcal strains that may lead to change of the capsular serotype. Capsule switch has become an important issue since the introduction of conjug...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2009-06, Vol.47 (6), p.1750-1756 |
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description | Colonization with more than one distinct strain of the same species, also termed cocolonization, is a prerequisite for horizontal gene transfer between pneumococcal strains that may lead to change of the capsular serotype. Capsule switch has become an important issue since the introduction of conjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines. There is, however, a lack of techniques to detect multiple colonization by S. pneumoniae strains directly in nasopharyngeal samples. Two hundred eighty-seven nasopharyngeal swabs collected during the prevaccine era within a nationwide surveillance program were analyzed by a novel technique for the detection of cocolonization, based on PCR amplification of a noncoding region adjacent to the pneumolysin gene (plyNCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The numbers of strains and their relative abundance in cocolonized samples were determined by terminal RFLP. The pneumococcal carriage rate found by PCR was 51.6%, compared to 40.0% found by culture. Cocolonization was present in 9.5% (10/105) of samples, most (9/10) of which contained two strains in a ratio of between 1:1 and 17:1. Five of the 10 cocolonized samples showed combinations of vaccine types only (n = 2) or combinations of nonvaccine types only (n = 3). Carriers of multiple pneumococcal strains had received recent antibiotic treatment more often than those colonized with a single strain (33% versus 9%, P = 0.025). This new technique allows for the rapid and economical study of pneumococcal cocolonization in nasopharyngeal swabs. It will be valuable for the surveillance of S. pneumoniae epidemiology under vaccine selection pressure. |
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Capsule switch has become an important issue since the introduction of conjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines. There is, however, a lack of techniques to detect multiple colonization by S. pneumoniae strains directly in nasopharyngeal samples. Two hundred eighty-seven nasopharyngeal swabs collected during the prevaccine era within a nationwide surveillance program were analyzed by a novel technique for the detection of cocolonization, based on PCR amplification of a noncoding region adjacent to the pneumolysin gene (plyNCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The numbers of strains and their relative abundance in cocolonized samples were determined by terminal RFLP. The pneumococcal carriage rate found by PCR was 51.6%, compared to 40.0% found by culture. Cocolonization was present in 9.5% (10/105) of samples, most (9/10) of which contained two strains in a ratio of between 1:1 and 17:1. Five of the 10 cocolonized samples showed combinations of vaccine types only (n = 2) or combinations of nonvaccine types only (n = 3). Carriers of multiple pneumococcal strains had received recent antibiotic treatment more often than those colonized with a single strain (33% versus 9%, P = 0.025). This new technique allows for the rapid and economical study of pneumococcal cocolonization in nasopharyngeal swabs. It will be valuable for the surveillance of S. pneumoniae epidemiology under vaccine selection pressure.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0095-1137</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1098-660X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01877-08</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19386843</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Society for Microbiology</publisher><subject>Bacterial Typing Techniques - methods ; Bacteriology ; Carrier State - microbiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cluster Analysis ; DNA Fingerprinting ; DNA, Bacterial - genetics ; DNA, Intergenic ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Nasopharynx - microbiology ; Pneumococcal Infections - epidemiology ; Pneumococcal Infections - microbiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Prevalence ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Streptococcus pneumoniae - classification ; Streptococcus pneumoniae - genetics ; Streptococcus pneumoniae - isolation & purification</subject><ispartof>Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2009-06, Vol.47 (6), p.1750-1756</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c463t-aaa3583f92f3dca753928786f01cb8d6fbdee772d0d98942cd885bc324fc135c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c463t-aaa3583f92f3dca753928786f01cb8d6fbdee772d0d98942cd885bc324fc135c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2691125/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2691125/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,3188,3189,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19386843$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Brugger, Silvio D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hathaway, Lucy J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mühlemann, Kathrin</creatorcontrib><title>Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strain Cocolonization in the Nasopharynx</title><title>Journal of Clinical Microbiology</title><addtitle>J Clin Microbiol</addtitle><description>Colonization with more than one distinct strain of the same species, also termed cocolonization, is a prerequisite for horizontal gene transfer between pneumococcal strains that may lead to change of the capsular serotype. Capsule switch has become an important issue since the introduction of conjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines. There is, however, a lack of techniques to detect multiple colonization by S. pneumoniae strains directly in nasopharyngeal samples. Two hundred eighty-seven nasopharyngeal swabs collected during the prevaccine era within a nationwide surveillance program were analyzed by a novel technique for the detection of cocolonization, based on PCR amplification of a noncoding region adjacent to the pneumolysin gene (plyNCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The numbers of strains and their relative abundance in cocolonized samples were determined by terminal RFLP. The pneumococcal carriage rate found by PCR was 51.6%, compared to 40.0% found by culture. Cocolonization was present in 9.5% (10/105) of samples, most (9/10) of which contained two strains in a ratio of between 1:1 and 17:1. Five of the 10 cocolonized samples showed combinations of vaccine types only (n = 2) or combinations of nonvaccine types only (n = 3). Carriers of multiple pneumococcal strains had received recent antibiotic treatment more often than those colonized with a single strain (33% versus 9%, P = 0.025). This new technique allows for the rapid and economical study of pneumococcal cocolonization in nasopharyngeal swabs. It will be valuable for the surveillance of S. pneumoniae epidemiology under vaccine selection pressure.</description><subject>Bacterial Typing Techniques - methods</subject><subject>Bacteriology</subject><subject>Carrier State - microbiology</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Cluster Analysis</subject><subject>DNA Fingerprinting</subject><subject>DNA, Bacterial - genetics</subject><subject>DNA, Intergenic</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Nasopharynx - microbiology</subject><subject>Pneumococcal Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pneumococcal Infections - microbiology</subject><subject>Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods</subject><subject>Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Streptococcus pneumoniae</subject><subject>Streptococcus pneumoniae - classification</subject><subject>Streptococcus pneumoniae - genetics</subject><subject>Streptococcus pneumoniae - isolation & purification</subject><issn>0095-1137</issn><issn>1098-660X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUtv1DAUhS1ERYfCjjWEDaumXNvxa1MJDZSCSlmUSuyuPI4zcZXEIU54_XrczojHipWlez4fnXsPIU8onFDK9Mv36w8nQLVSJeh7ZEXB6FJK-HyfrACMKCnl6pA8TOkGgFaVEA_IITVcS13xFbl87Wfv5hCHIjbF1Tz5cY4uOrekYhz80schWH8r2DAU6yx1efLT3v3Ik7n1xaVNcWzt9GP4_ogcNLZL_vH-PSLXZ28-rc_Li49v361fXZSuknwurbVcaN4Y1vDaWSW4YVpp2QB1G13LZlN7rxSroTbaVMzVWouN46xqHOXC8SNyuvMdl03va-eHHLDDcQp9zoHRBvxXGUKL2_gVmTT5aiIbvNgbTPHL4tOMfUjOd50dfFwSSsUp6Hyi_4EsdyDBsAwe70A3xZQm3_xOQwFvm8LcFN41haAz_vTvDf7A-2oy8HwHtGHbfguTR5t6vHE9VgolUiUgM892TGMj2u0UEl5fMaAcqOSSGsl_AUlvpRg</recordid><startdate>20090601</startdate><enddate>20090601</enddate><creator>Brugger, Silvio D</creator><creator>Hathaway, Lucy J</creator><creator>Mühlemann, Kathrin</creator><general>American Society for Microbiology</general><general>American Society for Microbiology (ASM)</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090601</creationdate><title>Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strain Cocolonization in the Nasopharynx</title><author>Brugger, Silvio D ; Hathaway, Lucy J ; Mühlemann, Kathrin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c463t-aaa3583f92f3dca753928786f01cb8d6fbdee772d0d98942cd885bc324fc135c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Bacterial Typing Techniques - methods</topic><topic>Bacteriology</topic><topic>Carrier State - microbiology</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Cluster Analysis</topic><topic>DNA Fingerprinting</topic><topic>DNA, Bacterial - genetics</topic><topic>DNA, Intergenic</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Nasopharynx - microbiology</topic><topic>Pneumococcal Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pneumococcal Infections - microbiology</topic><topic>Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods</topic><topic>Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><topic>Streptococcus pneumoniae</topic><topic>Streptococcus pneumoniae - classification</topic><topic>Streptococcus pneumoniae - genetics</topic><topic>Streptococcus pneumoniae - isolation & purification</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Brugger, Silvio D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hathaway, Lucy J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mühlemann, Kathrin</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of Clinical Microbiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Brugger, Silvio D</au><au>Hathaway, Lucy J</au><au>Mühlemann, Kathrin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strain Cocolonization in the Nasopharynx</atitle><jtitle>Journal of Clinical Microbiology</jtitle><addtitle>J Clin Microbiol</addtitle><date>2009-06-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>47</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1750</spage><epage>1756</epage><pages>1750-1756</pages><issn>0095-1137</issn><eissn>1098-660X</eissn><abstract>Colonization with more than one distinct strain of the same species, also termed cocolonization, is a prerequisite for horizontal gene transfer between pneumococcal strains that may lead to change of the capsular serotype. Capsule switch has become an important issue since the introduction of conjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines. There is, however, a lack of techniques to detect multiple colonization by S. pneumoniae strains directly in nasopharyngeal samples. Two hundred eighty-seven nasopharyngeal swabs collected during the prevaccine era within a nationwide surveillance program were analyzed by a novel technique for the detection of cocolonization, based on PCR amplification of a noncoding region adjacent to the pneumolysin gene (plyNCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The numbers of strains and their relative abundance in cocolonized samples were determined by terminal RFLP. The pneumococcal carriage rate found by PCR was 51.6%, compared to 40.0% found by culture. Cocolonization was present in 9.5% (10/105) of samples, most (9/10) of which contained two strains in a ratio of between 1:1 and 17:1. Five of the 10 cocolonized samples showed combinations of vaccine types only (n = 2) or combinations of nonvaccine types only (n = 3). Carriers of multiple pneumococcal strains had received recent antibiotic treatment more often than those colonized with a single strain (33% versus 9%, P = 0.025). This new technique allows for the rapid and economical study of pneumococcal cocolonization in nasopharyngeal swabs. It will be valuable for the surveillance of S. pneumoniae epidemiology under vaccine selection pressure.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Society for Microbiology</pub><pmid>19386843</pmid><doi>10.1128/JCM.01877-08</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Bacterial Typing Techniques - methods Bacteriology Carrier State - microbiology Child Child, Preschool Cluster Analysis DNA Fingerprinting DNA, Bacterial - genetics DNA, Intergenic Genotype Humans Infant Nasopharynx - microbiology Pneumococcal Infections - epidemiology Pneumococcal Infections - microbiology Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length Prevalence Sensitivity and Specificity Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pneumoniae - classification Streptococcus pneumoniae - genetics Streptococcus pneumoniae - isolation & purification |
title | Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strain Cocolonization in the Nasopharynx |
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