Soil degradation: a problem threatening the sustainable development of agriculture in Northeast China. A review
The control of soil erosion and loss of organic matter has been proposed as critical to agricultural and environmental sustainability of Northeast China. This region is bread basket of China where the fertile and productive soils, Mollisols (Black soils), are primarily distributed. In this paper, we...
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| creator | Liu, X.B.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology Zhang, X.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology Wang, Y.X.,Heilongjiang Inst. of Water and Soil Conservation, Harbin (China) Sui, Y.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology Zhang, S.L.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology Herbert, S.J.,University of Massachusetts, Amherst (USA). Center for Agriculture Ding, G.,Northern State Univ., Aberdeen (USA) |
| description | The control of soil erosion and loss of organic matter has been proposed as critical to agricultural and environmental sustainability of Northeast China. This region is bread basket of China where the fertile and productive soils, Mollisols (Black soils), are primarily distributed. In this paper, we introduce the importance of Northeast China's grain production to China, and describe the changes of sown acreage and grain production in past decades. This paper also summarizes the distribution, area and intensity of water erosion, changes in the number of gullies and gully density, thickness of top soil layer, soil organic matter content, bulk density, field water holding capacity, and infiltration rates; the number of soil microorganisms and main enzyme activities from soil erosion in the region are also summarized. The moderately and severely water-eroded area accounted for 31.4% and 7.9% of the total, and annual declining rate is 1.8%. Erosion rate is 1.24-2.41 mm/year, and soil loss in 1 deg, 5 deg and 15 deg sloping farmlands is 3 t/ha/year, 78 t/ha/year and 220.5 t/ha/year, respectively. SOC content of uncultivated soil was nearly twice that of soil with a 50-year cultivation history, and the average annual declining rate of soil organic matter was 0.5%. Proper adoption of crop rotation can increase or maintain the quantity and quality of soil organic matter, and improve soil chemical and physical properties. Proposed strategies for erosion control, in particular tillage management, amendments, terraces and strip cultivation, are discussed in the context of agricultural sustainability. |
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Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology ; Zhang, X.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology ; Wang, Y.X.,Heilongjiang Inst. of Water and Soil Conservation, Harbin (China) ; Sui, Y.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology ; Zhang, S.L.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology ; Herbert, S.J.,University of Massachusetts, Amherst (USA). Center for Agriculture ; Ding, G.,Northern State Univ., Aberdeen (USA)</creator><creatorcontrib>Liu, X.B.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology ; Zhang, X.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology ; Wang, Y.X.,Heilongjiang Inst. of Water and Soil Conservation, Harbin (China) ; Sui, Y.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology ; Zhang, S.L.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology ; Herbert, S.J.,University of Massachusetts, Amherst (USA). Center for Agriculture ; Ding, G.,Northern State Univ., Aberdeen (USA)</creatorcontrib><description>The control of soil erosion and loss of organic matter has been proposed as critical to agricultural and environmental sustainability of Northeast China. This region is bread basket of China where the fertile and productive soils, Mollisols (Black soils), are primarily distributed. In this paper, we introduce the importance of Northeast China's grain production to China, and describe the changes of sown acreage and grain production in past decades. This paper also summarizes the distribution, area and intensity of water erosion, changes in the number of gullies and gully density, thickness of top soil layer, soil organic matter content, bulk density, field water holding capacity, and infiltration rates; the number of soil microorganisms and main enzyme activities from soil erosion in the region are also summarized. The moderately and severely water-eroded area accounted for 31.4% and 7.9% of the total, and annual declining rate is 1.8%. Erosion rate is 1.24-2.41 mm/year, and soil loss in 1 deg, 5 deg and 15 deg sloping farmlands is 3 t/ha/year, 78 t/ha/year and 220.5 t/ha/year, respectively. SOC content of uncultivated soil was nearly twice that of soil with a 50-year cultivation history, and the average annual declining rate of soil organic matter was 0.5%. Proper adoption of crop rotation can increase or maintain the quantity and quality of soil organic matter, and improve soil chemical and physical properties. Proposed strategies for erosion control, in particular tillage management, amendments, terraces and strip cultivation, are discussed in the context of agricultural sustainability.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1214-1178</identifier><language>eng</language><subject>ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA ; ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE ; AGUA DE INFILTRACION ; CAPA ARABLE DEL SUELO ; CAPACIDAD DE RETENCION DE AGUA ; CAPACITE DE RETENTION D'EAU ; CEREAL CROPS ; CHINA ; CHINE ; CONTROL DE LA EROSION ; COUCHE ARABLE ; CROP YIELD ; CROPPING SYSTEMS ; CULTIVATION ; CULTIVO ; CULTIVOS DE CEREALES ; DEGRADACION DEL SUELO ; DEGRADATION DU SOL ; DENSIDAD DEL SUELO ; DENSITE DU SOL ; DURABILITE ; EAU D'INFILTRATION ; ENZYME ACTIVITY ; EROSION CONTROL ; EROSION HYDRIQUE ; EROSION POR EL AGUA ; FARM AREA ; GRAIN ; GRANOS ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_10176 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_1556 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_1971 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2018 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25304 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25321 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25512 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2604 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2652 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2794 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_3346 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_33560 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_36167 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_36778 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5274 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5387 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_6200 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7109 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7167 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7168 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7182 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7812 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_8318 ; INFILTRATION WATER ; LOSSES FROM SOIL ; LUTTE ANTIEROSION ; MATERIA ORGANICA ; MATIERE ORGANIQUE ; MICRO-ORGANISME DU SOL ; MICROORGANISMOS DEL SUELO ; NUTRIENTES ; NUTRIENTS ; ORGANIC MATTER ; PERDIDAS DESDE SUELOS ; PERTE PAR LE SOL ; PLANTE CEREALIERE ; PRATIQUE CULTURALE ; PRODUCCION ; PRODUCTION ; PROPIEDADES FISICO - QUIMICAS SUELO ; PROPRIETE PHYSICOCHIMIQUE DU SOL ; RENDEMENT DES CULTURES ; RENDIMIENTO DE CULTIVOS ; SISTEMAS DE CULTIVO ; SLOPING LAND ; SOIL CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES ; SOIL DEGRADATION ; SOIL DENSITY ; SOIL MICROORGANISMS ; SOSTENIBILIDAD ; SUBSTANCE NUTRITIVE ; SUPERFICIE DE LA EXPLOTACION ; SURFACE D'EXPLOITATION ; SUSTAINABILITY ; SYSTEME DE CULTURE ; TERRE EN PENTE ; TERRENO EN DECLIVE ; TOP SOIL ; WATER EROSION ; WATER HOLDING CAPACITY</subject><ispartof>Plant, soil and environment, 2010-02, Vol.56 (2)</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Liu, X.B.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, X.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Y.X.,Heilongjiang Inst. of Water and Soil Conservation, Harbin (China)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sui, Y.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, S.L.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herbert, S.J.,University of Massachusetts, Amherst (USA). Center for Agriculture</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ding, G.,Northern State Univ., Aberdeen (USA)</creatorcontrib><title>Soil degradation: a problem threatening the sustainable development of agriculture in Northeast China. A review</title><title>Plant, soil and environment</title><description>The control of soil erosion and loss of organic matter has been proposed as critical to agricultural and environmental sustainability of Northeast China. This region is bread basket of China where the fertile and productive soils, Mollisols (Black soils), are primarily distributed. In this paper, we introduce the importance of Northeast China's grain production to China, and describe the changes of sown acreage and grain production in past decades. This paper also summarizes the distribution, area and intensity of water erosion, changes in the number of gullies and gully density, thickness of top soil layer, soil organic matter content, bulk density, field water holding capacity, and infiltration rates; the number of soil microorganisms and main enzyme activities from soil erosion in the region are also summarized. The moderately and severely water-eroded area accounted for 31.4% and 7.9% of the total, and annual declining rate is 1.8%. Erosion rate is 1.24-2.41 mm/year, and soil loss in 1 deg, 5 deg and 15 deg sloping farmlands is 3 t/ha/year, 78 t/ha/year and 220.5 t/ha/year, respectively. SOC content of uncultivated soil was nearly twice that of soil with a 50-year cultivation history, and the average annual declining rate of soil organic matter was 0.5%. Proper adoption of crop rotation can increase or maintain the quantity and quality of soil organic matter, and improve soil chemical and physical properties. Proposed strategies for erosion control, in particular tillage management, amendments, terraces and strip cultivation, are discussed in the context of agricultural sustainability.</description><subject>ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA</subject><subject>ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE</subject><subject>AGUA DE INFILTRACION</subject><subject>CAPA ARABLE DEL SUELO</subject><subject>CAPACIDAD DE RETENCION DE AGUA</subject><subject>CAPACITE DE RETENTION D'EAU</subject><subject>CEREAL CROPS</subject><subject>CHINA</subject><subject>CHINE</subject><subject>CONTROL DE LA EROSION</subject><subject>COUCHE ARABLE</subject><subject>CROP YIELD</subject><subject>CROPPING SYSTEMS</subject><subject>CULTIVATION</subject><subject>CULTIVO</subject><subject>CULTIVOS DE CEREALES</subject><subject>DEGRADACION DEL SUELO</subject><subject>DEGRADATION DU SOL</subject><subject>DENSIDAD DEL SUELO</subject><subject>DENSITE DU SOL</subject><subject>DURABILITE</subject><subject>EAU D'INFILTRATION</subject><subject>ENZYME ACTIVITY</subject><subject>EROSION CONTROL</subject><subject>EROSION HYDRIQUE</subject><subject>EROSION POR EL AGUA</subject><subject>FARM AREA</subject><subject>GRAIN</subject><subject>GRANOS</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_10176</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_1556</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_1971</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2018</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25304</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25321</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25512</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2604</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2652</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2794</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_3346</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_33560</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_36167</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_36778</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5274</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5387</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_6200</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7109</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7167</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7168</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7182</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7812</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_8318</subject><subject>INFILTRATION WATER</subject><subject>LOSSES FROM SOIL</subject><subject>LUTTE ANTIEROSION</subject><subject>MATERIA ORGANICA</subject><subject>MATIERE ORGANIQUE</subject><subject>MICRO-ORGANISME DU SOL</subject><subject>MICROORGANISMOS DEL SUELO</subject><subject>NUTRIENTES</subject><subject>NUTRIENTS</subject><subject>ORGANIC MATTER</subject><subject>PERDIDAS DESDE SUELOS</subject><subject>PERTE PAR LE SOL</subject><subject>PLANTE CEREALIERE</subject><subject>PRATIQUE CULTURALE</subject><subject>PRODUCCION</subject><subject>PRODUCTION</subject><subject>PROPIEDADES FISICO - QUIMICAS SUELO</subject><subject>PROPRIETE PHYSICOCHIMIQUE DU SOL</subject><subject>RENDEMENT DES CULTURES</subject><subject>RENDIMIENTO DE CULTIVOS</subject><subject>SISTEMAS DE CULTIVO</subject><subject>SLOPING LAND</subject><subject>SOIL CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES</subject><subject>SOIL DEGRADATION</subject><subject>SOIL DENSITY</subject><subject>SOIL MICROORGANISMS</subject><subject>SOSTENIBILIDAD</subject><subject>SUBSTANCE NUTRITIVE</subject><subject>SUPERFICIE DE LA EXPLOTACION</subject><subject>SURFACE D'EXPLOITATION</subject><subject>SUSTAINABILITY</subject><subject>SYSTEME DE CULTURE</subject><subject>TERRE EN PENTE</subject><subject>TERRENO EN DECLIVE</subject><subject>TOP SOIL</subject><subject>WATER EROSION</subject><subject>WATER HOLDING CAPACITY</subject><issn>1214-1178</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFjrEKwjAYhDMoWLSPIPwvUGmagsVNiuLkopNL-bV_20ialCStr28K7t5yB8d33IJFPON5wvm-WLHYuXcaJAQv8ixi5makgppaizV6afQBEAZrnop68J0l9KSlbkMmcKPzKDWGMiATKTP0pD2YBrC18jUqP1oCqeFqbADQeSi7AOzgCJYmSZ8NWzaoHMU_X7Pt-XQvL0mDpppHXFU-spTPH3MhxL_-C_cnRFc</recordid><startdate>201002</startdate><enddate>201002</enddate><creator>Liu, X.B.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</creator><creator>Zhang, X.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</creator><creator>Wang, Y.X.,Heilongjiang Inst. of Water and Soil Conservation, Harbin (China)</creator><creator>Sui, Y.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</creator><creator>Zhang, S.L.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</creator><creator>Herbert, S.J.,University of Massachusetts, Amherst (USA). Center for Agriculture</creator><creator>Ding, G.,Northern State Univ., Aberdeen (USA)</creator><scope>FBQ</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201002</creationdate><title>Soil degradation: a problem threatening the sustainable development of agriculture in Northeast China. A review</title><author>Liu, X.B.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology ; Zhang, X.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology ; Wang, Y.X.,Heilongjiang Inst. of Water and Soil Conservation, Harbin (China) ; Sui, Y.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology ; Zhang, S.L.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology ; Herbert, S.J.,University of Massachusetts, Amherst (USA). Center for Agriculture ; Ding, G.,Northern State Univ., Aberdeen (USA)</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-fao_agris_CZ20100004333</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA</topic><topic>ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE</topic><topic>AGUA DE INFILTRACION</topic><topic>CAPA ARABLE DEL SUELO</topic><topic>CAPACIDAD DE RETENCION DE AGUA</topic><topic>CAPACITE DE RETENTION D'EAU</topic><topic>CEREAL CROPS</topic><topic>CHINA</topic><topic>CHINE</topic><topic>CONTROL DE LA EROSION</topic><topic>COUCHE ARABLE</topic><topic>CROP YIELD</topic><topic>CROPPING SYSTEMS</topic><topic>CULTIVATION</topic><topic>CULTIVO</topic><topic>CULTIVOS DE CEREALES</topic><topic>DEGRADACION DEL SUELO</topic><topic>DEGRADATION DU SOL</topic><topic>DENSIDAD DEL SUELO</topic><topic>DENSITE DU SOL</topic><topic>DURABILITE</topic><topic>EAU D'INFILTRATION</topic><topic>ENZYME ACTIVITY</topic><topic>EROSION CONTROL</topic><topic>EROSION HYDRIQUE</topic><topic>EROSION POR EL AGUA</topic><topic>FARM AREA</topic><topic>GRAIN</topic><topic>GRANOS</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_10176</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_1556</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_1971</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2018</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25304</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25321</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25512</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2604</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2652</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2794</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_3346</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_33560</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_36167</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_36778</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5274</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5387</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_6200</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7109</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7167</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7168</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7182</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7812</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_8318</topic><topic>INFILTRATION WATER</topic><topic>LOSSES FROM SOIL</topic><topic>LUTTE ANTIEROSION</topic><topic>MATERIA ORGANICA</topic><topic>MATIERE ORGANIQUE</topic><topic>MICRO-ORGANISME DU SOL</topic><topic>MICROORGANISMOS DEL SUELO</topic><topic>NUTRIENTES</topic><topic>NUTRIENTS</topic><topic>ORGANIC MATTER</topic><topic>PERDIDAS DESDE SUELOS</topic><topic>PERTE PAR LE SOL</topic><topic>PLANTE CEREALIERE</topic><topic>PRATIQUE CULTURALE</topic><topic>PRODUCCION</topic><topic>PRODUCTION</topic><topic>PROPIEDADES FISICO - QUIMICAS SUELO</topic><topic>PROPRIETE PHYSICOCHIMIQUE DU SOL</topic><topic>RENDEMENT DES CULTURES</topic><topic>RENDIMIENTO DE CULTIVOS</topic><topic>SISTEMAS DE CULTIVO</topic><topic>SLOPING LAND</topic><topic>SOIL CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES</topic><topic>SOIL DEGRADATION</topic><topic>SOIL DENSITY</topic><topic>SOIL MICROORGANISMS</topic><topic>SOSTENIBILIDAD</topic><topic>SUBSTANCE NUTRITIVE</topic><topic>SUPERFICIE DE LA EXPLOTACION</topic><topic>SURFACE D'EXPLOITATION</topic><topic>SUSTAINABILITY</topic><topic>SYSTEME DE CULTURE</topic><topic>TERRE EN PENTE</topic><topic>TERRENO EN DECLIVE</topic><topic>TOP SOIL</topic><topic>WATER EROSION</topic><topic>WATER HOLDING CAPACITY</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Liu, X.B.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, X.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Y.X.,Heilongjiang Inst. of Water and Soil Conservation, Harbin (China)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sui, Y.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, S.L.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herbert, S.J.,University of Massachusetts, Amherst (USA). Center for Agriculture</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ding, G.,Northern State Univ., Aberdeen (USA)</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><jtitle>Plant, soil and environment</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liu, X.B.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</au><au>Zhang, X.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</au><au>Wang, Y.X.,Heilongjiang Inst. of Water and Soil Conservation, Harbin (China)</au><au>Sui, Y.Y.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</au><au>Zhang, S.L.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin (China). Key Lab. of Black Soil Ecology</au><au>Herbert, S.J.,University of Massachusetts, Amherst (USA). Center for Agriculture</au><au>Ding, G.,Northern State Univ., Aberdeen (USA)</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Soil degradation: a problem threatening the sustainable development of agriculture in Northeast China. A review</atitle><jtitle>Plant, soil and environment</jtitle><date>2010-02</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>2</issue><issn>1214-1178</issn><abstract>The control of soil erosion and loss of organic matter has been proposed as critical to agricultural and environmental sustainability of Northeast China. This region is bread basket of China where the fertile and productive soils, Mollisols (Black soils), are primarily distributed. In this paper, we introduce the importance of Northeast China's grain production to China, and describe the changes of sown acreage and grain production in past decades. This paper also summarizes the distribution, area and intensity of water erosion, changes in the number of gullies and gully density, thickness of top soil layer, soil organic matter content, bulk density, field water holding capacity, and infiltration rates; the number of soil microorganisms and main enzyme activities from soil erosion in the region are also summarized. The moderately and severely water-eroded area accounted for 31.4% and 7.9% of the total, and annual declining rate is 1.8%. Erosion rate is 1.24-2.41 mm/year, and soil loss in 1 deg, 5 deg and 15 deg sloping farmlands is 3 t/ha/year, 78 t/ha/year and 220.5 t/ha/year, respectively. SOC content of uncultivated soil was nearly twice that of soil with a 50-year cultivation history, and the average annual declining rate of soil organic matter was 0.5%. Proper adoption of crop rotation can increase or maintain the quantity and quality of soil organic matter, and improve soil chemical and physical properties. Proposed strategies for erosion control, in particular tillage management, amendments, terraces and strip cultivation, are discussed in the context of agricultural sustainability.</abstract></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1214-1178 |
| ispartof | Plant, soil and environment, 2010-02, Vol.56 (2) |
| issn | 1214-1178 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_fao_agris_CZ2010000433 |
| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
| subjects | ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE AGUA DE INFILTRACION CAPA ARABLE DEL SUELO CAPACIDAD DE RETENCION DE AGUA CAPACITE DE RETENTION D'EAU CEREAL CROPS CHINA CHINE CONTROL DE LA EROSION COUCHE ARABLE CROP YIELD CROPPING SYSTEMS CULTIVATION CULTIVO CULTIVOS DE CEREALES DEGRADACION DEL SUELO DEGRADATION DU SOL DENSIDAD DEL SUELO DENSITE DU SOL DURABILITE EAU D'INFILTRATION ENZYME ACTIVITY EROSION CONTROL EROSION HYDRIQUE EROSION POR EL AGUA FARM AREA GRAIN GRANOS http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_10176 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_1556 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_1971 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2018 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25304 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25321 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25512 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2604 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2652 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2794 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_3346 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_33560 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_36167 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_36778 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5274 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5387 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_6200 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7109 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7167 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7168 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7182 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7812 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_8318 INFILTRATION WATER LOSSES FROM SOIL LUTTE ANTIEROSION MATERIA ORGANICA MATIERE ORGANIQUE MICRO-ORGANISME DU SOL MICROORGANISMOS DEL SUELO NUTRIENTES NUTRIENTS ORGANIC MATTER PERDIDAS DESDE SUELOS PERTE PAR LE SOL PLANTE CEREALIERE PRATIQUE CULTURALE PRODUCCION PRODUCTION PROPIEDADES FISICO - QUIMICAS SUELO PROPRIETE PHYSICOCHIMIQUE DU SOL RENDEMENT DES CULTURES RENDIMIENTO DE CULTIVOS SISTEMAS DE CULTIVO SLOPING LAND SOIL CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES SOIL DEGRADATION SOIL DENSITY SOIL MICROORGANISMS SOSTENIBILIDAD SUBSTANCE NUTRITIVE SUPERFICIE DE LA EXPLOTACION SURFACE D'EXPLOITATION SUSTAINABILITY SYSTEME DE CULTURE TERRE EN PENTE TERRENO EN DECLIVE TOP SOIL WATER EROSION WATER HOLDING CAPACITY |
| title | Soil degradation: a problem threatening the sustainable development of agriculture in Northeast China. A review |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-05T11%3A03%3A21IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-fao&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Soil%20degradation:%20a%20problem%20threatening%20the%20sustainable%20development%20of%20agriculture%20in%20Northeast%20China.%20A%20review&rft.jtitle=Plant,%20soil%20and%20environment&rft.au=Liu,%20X.B.,Chinese%20Academy%20of%20Sciences,%20Harbin%20(China).%20Key%20Lab.%20of%20Black%20Soil%20Ecology&rft.date=2010-02&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.issn=1214-1178&rft_id=info:doi/&rft_dat=%3Cfao%3ECZ2010000433%3C/fao%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |