Core collection of a representative germplasm population in brassica napus

【目的】分析甘蓝型油菜的遗传多样性,遴选核心种质。【方法】将来自欧洲、亚洲、加拿大、澳大利亚和中国几个不同地区的甘蓝型油菜500余份,按照其品质特点、地理位置、生长习性分组并按比例取样,建立由87个品种组成的预选核心种质。采用EST-STS标记和SSR标记对其进行分析,剔除遗传冗余,选出代表该500余份资源的核心种质并进行分子标记多样性评价和表型特征分析。【结果】在相同的选择背景下,EST-STS和SSR标记的多态性检出率相仿（39%～40%）,每对EST引物与SSR引物产生的多态性条带相近。聚类分析在遗传相似系数0.65处把87个品种分成中国和国外油菜两个类群,进一步在约0.70处类群Ⅰ和类群Ⅱ又分别产生中国＂双低＂、中国＂双高＂以及欧洲冬油菜和欧洲春油菜各两个亚组。根据遗传多样性分析,剔除遗传相似系数大于或等于0.85的遗传冗余,获得78个品种的核心种质。【结论】EST-STS是一种经济、有效具有功能信息的分子标记,功效与普通SSR标记相仿;遗传多样性和聚类分析结果为甘蓝型油菜4个组的划分提供了依据;78个品种组成的核心种质保留了预选核心种质的遗传多样性和结构,可作为本研究中500余份品种资源的核心种质加以利用和保存。 [Objective ] Investigating the genetic diversity and selecting core collection of rapeseed. [Method ] According to previous researches, 500 accessions from Europe, Asia, Canada, Australia and China were divided into four groups based on their qualities, geographic regions and growth habits. A primary core collection of 87 accessions was sampled from each group in same proportion. EST-STS and SSR markers were applied to measure their genetic diversities, eliminate the genetic redundancy and evaluate