Analysis of the vortex core and turbulence structure behind axial fans in a straight pipe using PIV, LDA and HWA methods

The dissertation investigates the structure of turbulent swirl flow generated by the axial fan impellers. The complexity of three-dimensional, non-homogeneous, anisotropic turbulent velocity fields required complex experimental and theoretical approach, associated with the complex numerical procedur...

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description The dissertation investigates the structure of turbulent swirl flow generated by the axial fan impellers. The complexity of three-dimensional, non-homogeneous, anisotropic turbulent velocity fields required complex experimental and theoretical approach, associated with the complex numerical procedures. Mathematical interpretation of the structural analysis of turbulence is presented using the correlation-spectral theory of turbulence. This theoretical consideration provides adequate physical interpretation of complex interactions between the average and fluctuating velocity fields that characterize the processes of turbulent transfer. Analysis of the vortex core and the statistical characteristics of turbulent swirl flow in straight pipe behind axial fans is based on the latest experimental researches. In this sense, modern measurement systems that include classical probes, stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV), high speed SPIV (TR PIV), laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) – one- and two-component and original hot-wire anemometers (HWA) were all applied. Measurements and measurement principles are discussed along with sophisticated numerical-measurement methods for data acquisition and statistical processing of measured data and together with calibration and error analysis and measurement uncertainty. Numerous experiments were carried out in the modified existing test rig and in the entire newly built experimental test rig. Based on the original measurement results, the PhD thesis examines in detail the influence of the type and operating regime of axial fan on turbulence structure and turbulent transfer mechanism. In particular, the phenomenon of the vortex core precession as well as the phenomenon of non-local turbulent transfer and non-gradient turbulent diffusion is studied. In addition, the effects of Reynolds and swirl number, and the effects of rotation speed and blade angle on these phenomena are investigated. The physical interpretation of experimental data indicates significant structural properties of a turbulent vortex core and a shear layer. Experimental and correlation analysis examines the evolution of statistical characteristics and correlation moments, which is the basis for drawing conclusions about the extreme turbulence non-homogeneity and anisotropy. The measured distributions of turbulent stresses enabled the formation of anisotropy invariant maps for various fan blade angles, so the important conclusions about the influence of fan duty
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The complexity of three-dimensional, non-homogeneous, anisotropic turbulent velocity fields required complex experimental and theoretical approach, associated with the complex numerical procedures. Mathematical interpretation of the structural analysis of turbulence is presented using the correlation-spectral theory of turbulence. This theoretical consideration provides adequate physical interpretation of complex interactions between the average and fluctuating velocity fields that characterize the processes of turbulent transfer. Analysis of the vortex core and the statistical characteristics of turbulent swirl flow in straight pipe behind axial fans is based on the latest experimental researches. In this sense, modern measurement systems that include classical probes, stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV), high speed SPIV (TR PIV), laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) – one- and two-component and original hot-wire anemometers (HWA) were all applied. Measurements and measurement principles are discussed along with sophisticated numerical-measurement methods for data acquisition and statistical processing of measured data and together with calibration and error analysis and measurement uncertainty. Numerous experiments were carried out in the modified existing test rig and in the entire newly built experimental test rig. Based on the original measurement results, the PhD thesis examines in detail the influence of the type and operating regime of axial fan on turbulence structure and turbulent transfer mechanism. In particular, the phenomenon of the vortex core precession as well as the phenomenon of non-local turbulent transfer and non-gradient turbulent diffusion is studied. In addition, the effects of Reynolds and swirl number, and the effects of rotation speed and blade angle on these phenomena are investigated. The physical interpretation of experimental data indicates significant structural properties of a turbulent vortex core and a shear layer. Experimental and correlation analysis examines the evolution of statistical characteristics and correlation moments, which is the basis for drawing conclusions about the extreme turbulence non-homogeneity and anisotropy. The measured distributions of turbulent stresses enabled the formation of anisotropy invariant maps for various fan blade angles, so the important conclusions about the influence of fan duty point on anisotropy and turbulence structure in the core, shear layer and sound flow region were obtained. Additional pieces of information on turbulent structure physics were obtained on the basis of experimentally determined autocorrelation functions and turbulence integral scales, and also by the analysis of spectral functions of circumferential velocity fluctuations. Impacts of the fan types on the statistical moments of the third and fourth order, and on the generation of the vorticity field and vortex core precession movement, are determined. Joint experimental and theoretical-numerical analysis allowed for meaningful and important conclusions about various effects of various axial fan impellers on the turbulent vortex core and turbulence structure. U disertaciji se istražuje struktura turbulentnog vihornog strujanja koje je generisano obrtnim kolom aksijalnog ventilatora. Kompleksnost trodimenzijskog nehomogenog anizotropnog turbulentnog brzinskog polja zahtevala je složen eksperimentalni i teorijski pristup, sjedinjen sa kompleksnim numeričkim postupcima. Primenom korelaciono-spektralne teorije turbulencije izložena je matematička interpretacija strukturalne analize turbulencije. Ovakvim teorijskim razmatranjem data su fizička tumačenja složenih međudejstava srednjeg i fluktuacionog brzinskog polja koja karakterišu procese turbulentnog prenosa. Analiza vrtložnog jezgra i statističkih karakteristika turbulentnog vihornog strujanja u cevi iza kola aksijalnih ventilatora zasniva se na najsavremenijim eksperimentalnim istraživanjima. U tom smislu primenjeni su savremeni merni sistemi koji obuhvataju klasične merne sonde, stereo PIV anemometriju, stereo PIV sa brzim kamerama i laserima (TR PIV), laser Dopler anemometriju (LDA) i to jednokomponentnu i dvokomponentnu, kao i originalne anemometarske sonde sa zagrejanim vlaknima (HWA). Merenja i principi merenja su zajedno razmatrani sa sofisticiranim merno-numeričkim metodama za akviziciju i statističku obradu merenih podataka, kao i za kalibraciju i analizu grešaka i merne nesigurnosti. Brojni eksperimenti su realizovani kako na instalaciji koja je dobijena modifikacijama postojećeg mernog štanda, tako i na celokupno novoj izgrađenoj eksperimentalnoj instalaciji.Na osnovu originalnih rezultata merenja u radu se detaljno istražuje uticaj tipa i režima rada aksijalnog ventilatora na strukturu turbulencije i mehanizam turbulentnog prenosa. Posebno se proučava fenomen precesije vrtložnog jezgra, kao i fenomeni nelokalnog turbulentnog prenosa i negradijentne turbulentne difuzije. Pri tome se analiziraju uticaji Rejnoldsovog i vihornog broja, kao i broja obrtaja i uglova lopatica kola na ove pojave. Fizička interpretacija eksperimentalnih podataka ukazuje na značajna strukturalna svojstva vrtložnog turbulentnog jezgra i smicajnog sloja. Eksperimentalno-korelacionom analizom istražuje se evolucija statističkih karakteristika i korelacionih momenata, na osnovu čega se zaključuje o izrazitoj nehomogenosti i anizotropnosti turbulencije. Izmerene raspodele turbulentnih napona omogućile su formiranje invarijantnih mapa anizotropnosti za različite uglove lopatica kola, tako da su dobijeni značajni zaključci o uticaju režima rada ventilatora na anizotropnost i strukturu turbulencije u jezgru, smicajnom sloju i osnovnom strujanju. Dodatne fizičke informacije o strukturi turbulencije dobijene su iz eksperimentalno određenih autokorelacionih funkcija i integralnih razmera turbulencije, kao i pomoću analize spektralne funkcije obimskih fluktuacionih brzina. Utvrđeni su uticaji vrste ventilatora na raspodelu statističkih momenata trećeg i četvrtog reda, kao i na generisanje polja vrtložnosti i precesiono kretanje vrtložnog jezgra. Združenom eksperimentalnom i teorijsko-numeričkom analizom dobijeni su značajni zaključci o različitim uticajima obrtnih kola aksijalnih ventilatora na turbulentno vrtložno jezgro i strukturu turbulencije.</description><language>srp</language><publisher>University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering</publisher><subject>aksijalni ventilator ; anisotropy ; anizotropnost ; axial fan ; invariants ; invarijante ; LDA ; PIV ; swirl ; turbulence ; turbulencija ; vihor ; vortex core ; vrtložno jezgro</subject><creationdate>2012</creationdate><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://data.europeana.eu/item/9200447/BibliographicResource_3000095543323$$EHTML$$P50$$Geuropeana$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>311,780,38515,75946</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://data.europeana.eu/item/9200447/BibliographicResource_3000095543323$$EView_record_in_Europeana$$FView_record_in_$$GEuropeana$$Hfree_for_read</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Čantrak Đorđe</creatorcontrib><title>Analysis of the vortex core and turbulence structure behind axial fans in a straight pipe using PIV, LDA and HWA methods</title><description>The dissertation investigates the structure of turbulent swirl flow generated by the axial fan impellers. The complexity of three-dimensional, non-homogeneous, anisotropic turbulent velocity fields required complex experimental and theoretical approach, associated with the complex numerical procedures. Mathematical interpretation of the structural analysis of turbulence is presented using the correlation-spectral theory of turbulence. This theoretical consideration provides adequate physical interpretation of complex interactions between the average and fluctuating velocity fields that characterize the processes of turbulent transfer. Analysis of the vortex core and the statistical characteristics of turbulent swirl flow in straight pipe behind axial fans is based on the latest experimental researches. In this sense, modern measurement systems that include classical probes, stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV), high speed SPIV (TR PIV), laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) – one- and two-component and original hot-wire anemometers (HWA) were all applied. Measurements and measurement principles are discussed along with sophisticated numerical-measurement methods for data acquisition and statistical processing of measured data and together with calibration and error analysis and measurement uncertainty. Numerous experiments were carried out in the modified existing test rig and in the entire newly built experimental test rig. Based on the original measurement results, the PhD thesis examines in detail the influence of the type and operating regime of axial fan on turbulence structure and turbulent transfer mechanism. In particular, the phenomenon of the vortex core precession as well as the phenomenon of non-local turbulent transfer and non-gradient turbulent diffusion is studied. In addition, the effects of Reynolds and swirl number, and the effects of rotation speed and blade angle on these phenomena are investigated. The physical interpretation of experimental data indicates significant structural properties of a turbulent vortex core and a shear layer. Experimental and correlation analysis examines the evolution of statistical characteristics and correlation moments, which is the basis for drawing conclusions about the extreme turbulence non-homogeneity and anisotropy. The measured distributions of turbulent stresses enabled the formation of anisotropy invariant maps for various fan blade angles, so the important conclusions about the influence of fan duty point on anisotropy and turbulence structure in the core, shear layer and sound flow region were obtained. Additional pieces of information on turbulent structure physics were obtained on the basis of experimentally determined autocorrelation functions and turbulence integral scales, and also by the analysis of spectral functions of circumferential velocity fluctuations. Impacts of the fan types on the statistical moments of the third and fourth order, and on the generation of the vorticity field and vortex core precession movement, are determined. Joint experimental and theoretical-numerical analysis allowed for meaningful and important conclusions about various effects of various axial fan impellers on the turbulent vortex core and turbulence structure. U disertaciji se istražuje struktura turbulentnog vihornog strujanja koje je generisano obrtnim kolom aksijalnog ventilatora. Kompleksnost trodimenzijskog nehomogenog anizotropnog turbulentnog brzinskog polja zahtevala je složen eksperimentalni i teorijski pristup, sjedinjen sa kompleksnim numeričkim postupcima. Primenom korelaciono-spektralne teorije turbulencije izložena je matematička interpretacija strukturalne analize turbulencije. Ovakvim teorijskim razmatranjem data su fizička tumačenja složenih međudejstava srednjeg i fluktuacionog brzinskog polja koja karakterišu procese turbulentnog prenosa. Analiza vrtložnog jezgra i statističkih karakteristika turbulentnog vihornog strujanja u cevi iza kola aksijalnih ventilatora zasniva se na najsavremenijim eksperimentalnim istraživanjima. U tom smislu primenjeni su savremeni merni sistemi koji obuhvataju klasične merne sonde, stereo PIV anemometriju, stereo PIV sa brzim kamerama i laserima (TR PIV), laser Dopler anemometriju (LDA) i to jednokomponentnu i dvokomponentnu, kao i originalne anemometarske sonde sa zagrejanim vlaknima (HWA). Merenja i principi merenja su zajedno razmatrani sa sofisticiranim merno-numeričkim metodama za akviziciju i statističku obradu merenih podataka, kao i za kalibraciju i analizu grešaka i merne nesigurnosti. Brojni eksperimenti su realizovani kako na instalaciji koja je dobijena modifikacijama postojećeg mernog štanda, tako i na celokupno novoj izgrađenoj eksperimentalnoj instalaciji.Na osnovu originalnih rezultata merenja u radu se detaljno istražuje uticaj tipa i režima rada aksijalnog ventilatora na strukturu turbulencije i mehanizam turbulentnog prenosa. Posebno se proučava fenomen precesije vrtložnog jezgra, kao i fenomeni nelokalnog turbulentnog prenosa i negradijentne turbulentne difuzije. Pri tome se analiziraju uticaji Rejnoldsovog i vihornog broja, kao i broja obrtaja i uglova lopatica kola na ove pojave. Fizička interpretacija eksperimentalnih podataka ukazuje na značajna strukturalna svojstva vrtložnog turbulentnog jezgra i smicajnog sloja. Eksperimentalno-korelacionom analizom istražuje se evolucija statističkih karakteristika i korelacionih momenata, na osnovu čega se zaključuje o izrazitoj nehomogenosti i anizotropnosti turbulencije. Izmerene raspodele turbulentnih napona omogućile su formiranje invarijantnih mapa anizotropnosti za različite uglove lopatica kola, tako da su dobijeni značajni zaključci o uticaju režima rada ventilatora na anizotropnost i strukturu turbulencije u jezgru, smicajnom sloju i osnovnom strujanju. Dodatne fizičke informacije o strukturi turbulencije dobijene su iz eksperimentalno određenih autokorelacionih funkcija i integralnih razmera turbulencije, kao i pomoću analize spektralne funkcije obimskih fluktuacionih brzina. Utvrđeni su uticaji vrste ventilatora na raspodelu statističkih momenata trećeg i četvrtog reda, kao i na generisanje polja vrtložnosti i precesiono kretanje vrtložnog jezgra. Združenom eksperimentalnom i teorijsko-numeričkom analizom dobijeni su značajni zaključci o različitim uticajima obrtnih kola aksijalnih ventilatora na turbulentno vrtložno jezgro i strukturu turbulencije.</description><subject>aksijalni ventilator</subject><subject>anisotropy</subject><subject>anizotropnost</subject><subject>axial fan</subject><subject>invariants</subject><subject>invarijante</subject><subject>LDA</subject><subject>PIV</subject><subject>swirl</subject><subject>turbulence</subject><subject>turbulencija</subject><subject>vihor</subject><subject>vortex core</subject><subject>vrtložno jezgro</subject><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>dissertation</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>dissertation</recordtype><sourceid>1GC</sourceid><recordid>eNqtjEFqwzAQRb3JIqS9wxygARM5hCzdJMWBLkoJ7dKMlbE1oGiMRiru7euWHiF_8_m8z1sWUx3QfysrSA_JEXxJTDSBlUiA4Qopxy57CpZAU8x23gQdOZ4ZToweegwKHAB_D8iDSzDySJCVwwBv548neD3Wf7Lms4YbJSdXfSgWPXqlx_9eFc3L6XJo1pSjjIQBWyvek00sQdv9piyratc-c-dZhoijY_tOKjlaak05Z7_dVsZsjLmj6gcyE2Cl</recordid><startdate>20120730</startdate><enddate>20120730</enddate><creator>Čantrak Đorđe</creator><general>University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering</general><scope>1GC</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120730</creationdate><title>Analysis of the vortex core and turbulence structure behind axial fans in a straight pipe using PIV, LDA and HWA methods</title><author>Čantrak Đorđe</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-europeana_collections_9200447_BibliographicResource_30000955433233</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>dissertations</rsrctype><prefilter>dissertations</prefilter><language>srp</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>aksijalni ventilator</topic><topic>anisotropy</topic><topic>anizotropnost</topic><topic>axial fan</topic><topic>invariants</topic><topic>invarijante</topic><topic>LDA</topic><topic>PIV</topic><topic>swirl</topic><topic>turbulence</topic><topic>turbulencija</topic><topic>vihor</topic><topic>vortex core</topic><topic>vrtložno jezgro</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Čantrak Đorđe</creatorcontrib><collection>Europeana Collections</collection></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Čantrak Đorđe</au><format>dissertation</format><genre>dissertation</genre><ristype>THES</ristype><Advisor>Lečić Milan</Advisor><Advisor>Nedeljković Miloš</Advisor><Advisor>Vukoslavčević Petar</Advisor><Advisor>Ristić Slavica</Advisor><Advisor>Benišek Miroslav</Advisor><btitle>Analysis of the vortex core and turbulence structure behind axial fans in a straight pipe using PIV, LDA and HWA methods</btitle><date>2012-07-30</date><risdate>2012</risdate><abstract>The dissertation investigates the structure of turbulent swirl flow generated by the axial fan impellers. The complexity of three-dimensional, non-homogeneous, anisotropic turbulent velocity fields required complex experimental and theoretical approach, associated with the complex numerical procedures. Mathematical interpretation of the structural analysis of turbulence is presented using the correlation-spectral theory of turbulence. This theoretical consideration provides adequate physical interpretation of complex interactions between the average and fluctuating velocity fields that characterize the processes of turbulent transfer. Analysis of the vortex core and the statistical characteristics of turbulent swirl flow in straight pipe behind axial fans is based on the latest experimental researches. In this sense, modern measurement systems that include classical probes, stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV), high speed SPIV (TR PIV), laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) – one- and two-component and original hot-wire anemometers (HWA) were all applied. Measurements and measurement principles are discussed along with sophisticated numerical-measurement methods for data acquisition and statistical processing of measured data and together with calibration and error analysis and measurement uncertainty. Numerous experiments were carried out in the modified existing test rig and in the entire newly built experimental test rig. Based on the original measurement results, the PhD thesis examines in detail the influence of the type and operating regime of axial fan on turbulence structure and turbulent transfer mechanism. In particular, the phenomenon of the vortex core precession as well as the phenomenon of non-local turbulent transfer and non-gradient turbulent diffusion is studied. In addition, the effects of Reynolds and swirl number, and the effects of rotation speed and blade angle on these phenomena are investigated. The physical interpretation of experimental data indicates significant structural properties of a turbulent vortex core and a shear layer. Experimental and correlation analysis examines the evolution of statistical characteristics and correlation moments, which is the basis for drawing conclusions about the extreme turbulence non-homogeneity and anisotropy. The measured distributions of turbulent stresses enabled the formation of anisotropy invariant maps for various fan blade angles, so the important conclusions about the influence of fan duty point on anisotropy and turbulence structure in the core, shear layer and sound flow region were obtained. Additional pieces of information on turbulent structure physics were obtained on the basis of experimentally determined autocorrelation functions and turbulence integral scales, and also by the analysis of spectral functions of circumferential velocity fluctuations. Impacts of the fan types on the statistical moments of the third and fourth order, and on the generation of the vorticity field and vortex core precession movement, are determined. Joint experimental and theoretical-numerical analysis allowed for meaningful and important conclusions about various effects of various axial fan impellers on the turbulent vortex core and turbulence structure. U disertaciji se istražuje struktura turbulentnog vihornog strujanja koje je generisano obrtnim kolom aksijalnog ventilatora. Kompleksnost trodimenzijskog nehomogenog anizotropnog turbulentnog brzinskog polja zahtevala je složen eksperimentalni i teorijski pristup, sjedinjen sa kompleksnim numeričkim postupcima. Primenom korelaciono-spektralne teorije turbulencije izložena je matematička interpretacija strukturalne analize turbulencije. Ovakvim teorijskim razmatranjem data su fizička tumačenja složenih međudejstava srednjeg i fluktuacionog brzinskog polja koja karakterišu procese turbulentnog prenosa. Analiza vrtložnog jezgra i statističkih karakteristika turbulentnog vihornog strujanja u cevi iza kola aksijalnih ventilatora zasniva se na najsavremenijim eksperimentalnim istraživanjima. U tom smislu primenjeni su savremeni merni sistemi koji obuhvataju klasične merne sonde, stereo PIV anemometriju, stereo PIV sa brzim kamerama i laserima (TR PIV), laser Dopler anemometriju (LDA) i to jednokomponentnu i dvokomponentnu, kao i originalne anemometarske sonde sa zagrejanim vlaknima (HWA). Merenja i principi merenja su zajedno razmatrani sa sofisticiranim merno-numeričkim metodama za akviziciju i statističku obradu merenih podataka, kao i za kalibraciju i analizu grešaka i merne nesigurnosti. Brojni eksperimenti su realizovani kako na instalaciji koja je dobijena modifikacijama postojećeg mernog štanda, tako i na celokupno novoj izgrađenoj eksperimentalnoj instalaciji.Na osnovu originalnih rezultata merenja u radu se detaljno istražuje uticaj tipa i režima rada aksijalnog ventilatora na strukturu turbulencije i mehanizam turbulentnog prenosa. Posebno se proučava fenomen precesije vrtložnog jezgra, kao i fenomeni nelokalnog turbulentnog prenosa i negradijentne turbulentne difuzije. Pri tome se analiziraju uticaji Rejnoldsovog i vihornog broja, kao i broja obrtaja i uglova lopatica kola na ove pojave. Fizička interpretacija eksperimentalnih podataka ukazuje na značajna strukturalna svojstva vrtložnog turbulentnog jezgra i smicajnog sloja. Eksperimentalno-korelacionom analizom istražuje se evolucija statističkih karakteristika i korelacionih momenata, na osnovu čega se zaključuje o izrazitoj nehomogenosti i anizotropnosti turbulencije. Izmerene raspodele turbulentnih napona omogućile su formiranje invarijantnih mapa anizotropnosti za različite uglove lopatica kola, tako da su dobijeni značajni zaključci o uticaju režima rada ventilatora na anizotropnost i strukturu turbulencije u jezgru, smicajnom sloju i osnovnom strujanju. Dodatne fizičke informacije o strukturi turbulencije dobijene su iz eksperimentalno određenih autokorelacionih funkcija i integralnih razmera turbulencije, kao i pomoću analize spektralne funkcije obimskih fluktuacionih brzina. Utvrđeni su uticaji vrste ventilatora na raspodelu statističkih momenata trećeg i četvrtog reda, kao i na generisanje polja vrtložnosti i precesiono kretanje vrtložnog jezgra. Združenom eksperimentalnom i teorijsko-numeričkom analizom dobijeni su značajni zaključci o različitim uticajima obrtnih kola aksijalnih ventilatora na turbulentno vrtložno jezgro i strukturu turbulencije.</abstract><pub>University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering</pub><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects aksijalni ventilator
anisotropy
anizotropnost
axial fan
invariants
invarijante
LDA
PIV
swirl
turbulence
turbulencija
vihor
vortex core
vrtložno jezgro
title Analysis of the vortex core and turbulence structure behind axial fans in a straight pipe using PIV, LDA and HWA methods
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