reparation, immunogenicity, testing and evaluation of efficiency of vaccines in the prophylaxis of mastits in cows

Inflammation of the mammary gland, mastitis in cows, are one of the most pressing problems in intensive milk production, causing great economic losses. For many years various approaches to treatment of subclinical and clinical mastitis did not give a satisfactory solution, so the problem of mastitis is still present. Prevent the infiltration of pathogenic agents into the mammary gland, its settlement and growth, impose a constant need for regular inspections of milk, as well as preventive and therapeutic measures to reduce the occurrence of mastitis. Staphylococci can cause an acute, severe, and malignant form of granulomatous mastitis with necrotic changes. Chronic cases of staphylococcal mastitis often go as subclinical forms of diseases of the mammary gland. The most frequent causes of acute catarrhal mastitis (mastitis catarrhalis acuta) are streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus uberis), rarely other microorganisms. It occurs immediately after calving, in period of largest milk production. These microorganisms over time lead to the cessation of milk synthesis. Staphylococci and streptococci are very weak antigens, which further complicates finding of effective vaccines. For these reasons an effective commercial vaccine against mastitis caused by S. aureus and Str. agalactiae still not found, but the application of indigenous vaccine in prevention of mastitis may be sufficient. In the literature there are descriptions of inactivated vaccines consist of bacterial particules or entire cells and their toxoid. A new opportunity in making a vaccine against mastitis caused by S. aureus is adding protein A and fibronectin-binding protein as cellular antigens. An entirely new approach to immunization of the mammary gland gave incorporation of S. aureus lysate into biodegradable particles that have a function to stimulate production and opsonisation of antibodies. Given the results of other investigators and our own preliminary studies, and keeping in mind problem that mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae represents, goal of the research is the preparation and testing of vaccines whose effectiveness is reflected in the reduction of clinical and subclinical mastitis caused by these pathogens. In our study we used the indigenous vaccine that we prepared from S. aureus SAU 7 and Streptococcus agalactiae SAG 3 isolated from milk taken from the experimental farm. Experimental group 1 was