Millimeter wave electronically scanned antenna

A millimeter wave electronically scanned antenna is disclosed in both passive and active implementations. The antenna comprises a plurality of antenna components, wherein an antenna component, includes a coupler; a ground plane; a traveling wave phase shift line electrically connected to the coupler and grounded to the ground plane; and a plurality of fixed phase shifters, each fixed phase shifter electrically connected to the traveling wave phase shift line at a respective point thereon. One such component includes a plurality of radiating elements electromagnetically connected to a respective one of the fixed phase shifters. The antenna further includes a coupling component to which the radiating antenna is coupled to receive control signals and a radio frequency feed.